1<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 2<html> 3<!-- This file documents the gprof profiler of the GNU system. 4 5Copyright (C) 1988-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 6 7Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 8under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 9or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 10with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no 11Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the 12section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". 13 --> 14<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.1, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> 15<head> 16<title>GNU gprof: Output</title> 17 18<meta name="description" content="GNU gprof: Output"> 19<meta name="keywords" content="GNU gprof: Output"> 20<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> 21<meta name="distribution" content="global"> 22<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> 23<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 24<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top"> 25<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> 26<link href="index.html#Top" rel="up" title="Top"> 27<link href="Flat-Profile.html#Flat-Profile" rel="next" title="Flat Profile"> 28<link href="Symspecs.html#Symspecs" rel="previous" title="Symspecs"> 29<style type="text/css"> 30<!-- 31a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 32blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 33div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 34div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 35div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em} 36div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 37div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 38div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 39div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller} 40div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 41kbd {font-style:oblique} 42pre.display {font-family: inherit} 43pre.format {font-family: inherit} 44pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 45pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 46pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 47pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 48pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 49pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 50span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap} 51span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap} 52span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal} 53span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal} 54ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 55--> 56</style> 57 58 59</head> 60 61<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> 62<a name="Output"></a> 63<div class="header"> 64<p> 65Next: <a href="Inaccuracy.html#Inaccuracy" accesskey="n" rel="next">Inaccuracy</a>, Previous: <a href="Invoking.html#Invoking" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Invoking</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p> 66</div> 67<hr> 68<a name="Interpreting-gprof_0027s-Output"></a> 69<h2 class="chapter">5 Interpreting <code>gprof</code>’s Output</h2> 70 71<p><code>gprof</code> can produce several different output styles, the 72most important of which are described below. The simplest output 73styles (file information, execution count, and function and file ordering) 74are not described here, but are documented with the respective options 75that trigger them. 76See <a href="Output-Options.html#Output-Options">Output Options</a>. 77</p> 78<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> 79<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Flat-Profile.html#Flat-Profile" accesskey="1">Flat Profile</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The flat profile shows how much time was spent 80 executing directly in each function. 81</td></tr> 82<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="2">Call Graph</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The call graph shows which functions called which 83 others, and how much time each function used 84 when its subroutine calls are included. 85</td></tr> 86<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Line_002dby_002dline.html#Line_002dby_002dline" accesskey="3">Line-by-line</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"><code>gprof</code> can analyze individual source code lines 87</td></tr> 88<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Annotated-Source.html#Annotated-Source" accesskey="4">Annotated Source</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The annotated source listing displays source code 89 labeled with execution counts 90</td></tr> 91</table> 92 93 94 95 96 97</body> 98</html> 99