1<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 2<html> 3<!-- This file documents the GNU Assembler "as". 4 5Copyright (C) 1991-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 6 7Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 8under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 9or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 10with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no 11Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the 12section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". 13 --> 14<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.1, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> 15<head> 16<title>Using as: Manual</title> 17 18<meta name="description" content="Using as: Manual"> 19<meta name="keywords" content="Using as: Manual"> 20<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> 21<meta name="distribution" content="global"> 22<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> 23<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 24<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top"> 25<link href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" rel="index" title="AS Index"> 26<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> 27<link href="Overview.html#Overview" rel="up" title="Overview"> 28<link href="GNU-Assembler.html#GNU-Assembler" rel="next" title="GNU Assembler"> 29<link href="Overview.html#Overview" rel="previous" title="Overview"> 30<style type="text/css"> 31<!-- 32a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 33blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 34div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 35div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 36div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em} 37div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 38div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 39div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 40div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller} 41div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 42kbd {font-style:oblique} 43pre.display {font-family: inherit} 44pre.format {font-family: inherit} 45pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 46pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 47pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 48pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 49pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 50pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 51span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap} 52span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap} 53span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal} 54span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal} 55ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 56--> 57</style> 58 59 60</head> 61 62<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> 63<a name="Manual"></a> 64<div class="header"> 65<p> 66Next: <a href="GNU-Assembler.html#GNU-Assembler" accesskey="n" rel="next">GNU Assembler</a>, Up: <a href="Overview.html#Overview" accesskey="u" rel="up">Overview</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 67</div> 68<hr> 69<a name="Structure-of-this-Manual"></a> 70<h3 class="section">1.1 Structure of this Manual</h3> 71 72<a name="index-manual_002c-structure-and-purpose"></a> 73<p>This manual is intended to describe what you need to know to use 74<small>GNU</small> <code>as</code>. We cover the syntax expected in source files, including 75notation for symbols, constants, and expressions; the directives that 76<code>as</code> understands; and of course how to invoke <code>as</code>. 77</p> 78<p>This manual also describes some of the machine-dependent features of 79various flavors of the assembler. 80</p> 81<a name="index-machine-instructions-_0028not-covered_0029"></a> 82<p>On the other hand, this manual is <em>not</em> intended as an introduction 83to programming in assembly language—let alone programming in general! 84In a similar vein, we make no attempt to introduce the machine 85architecture; we do <em>not</em> describe the instruction set, standard 86mnemonics, registers or addressing modes that are standard to a 87particular architecture. 88You may want to consult the manufacturer’s 89machine architecture manual for this information. 90</p> 91 92 93 94 95 96</body> 97</html> 98