xref: /rk3399_rockchip-uboot/README (revision 4b7a6dd89633d60dc4b58476d5ce48247f82a3ca)
1#
2# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2008
3# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
4#
5# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
6# project.
7#
8# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11# the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12#
13# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
16# GNU General Public License for more details.
17#
18# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
21# MA 02111-1307 USA
22#
23
24Summary:
25========
26
27This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
29processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
30initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
31code.
32
33The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
34the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
35header files in common, and special provision has been made to
36support booting of Linux images.
37
38Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
39configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
40implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
41add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
42code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
43load and run it dynamically.
44
45
46Status:
47=======
48
49In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
50Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
51"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
52
53In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
54who contributed the specific port. The MAINTAINERS file lists board
55maintainers.
56
57
58Where to get help:
59==================
60
61In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
62U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
63<u-boot-users@lists.sourceforge.net>. There is also an archive of
64previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
65before asking FAQ's. Please see
66http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
67
68
69Where to get source code:
70=========================
71
72The U-Boot source code is maintained in the git repository at
73git://www.denx.de/git/u-boot.git ; you can browse it online at
74http://www.denx.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
75
76The "snapshot" links on this page allow you to download tarballs of
77any version you might be interested in. Ofifcial releases are also
78available for FTP download from the ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
79directory.
80
81Pre-built (and tested) images are available from
82ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/images/
83
84
85Where we come from:
86===================
87
88- start from 8xxrom sources
89- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
90- clean up code
91- make it easier to add custom boards
92- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
93- extend functions, especially:
94  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
95  * S-Record download
96  * network boot
97  * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
98- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
99- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
100- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
101- current project page: see http://www.denx.de/wiki/UBoot
102
103
104Names and Spelling:
105===================
106
107The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
108"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
109in source files etc.). Example:
110
111	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
112
113File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
114
115	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
116
117	#include <asm/u-boot.h>
118
119Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
120the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
121
122	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
123	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start
124
125
126Versioning:
127===========
128
129U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
130sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
131sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
132
133The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
134between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
135U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
136
137
138Directory Hierarchy:
139====================
140
141- board		Board dependent files
142- common	Misc architecture independent functions
143- cpu		CPU specific files
144  - 74xx_7xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
145  - arm720t	Files specific to ARM 720 CPUs
146  - arm920t	Files specific to ARM 920 CPUs
147    - at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU
148    - imx	Files specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs
149    - s3c24x0	Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs
150  - arm925t	Files specific to ARM 925 CPUs
151  - arm926ejs	Files specific to ARM 926 CPUs
152  - arm1136	Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs
153  - at32ap	Files specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs
154  - i386	Files specific to i386 CPUs
155  - ixp		Files specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs
156  - leon2	Files specific to Gaisler LEON2 SPARC CPU
157  - leon3	Files specific to Gaisler LEON3 SPARC CPU
158  - mcf52x2	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs
159  - mcf5227x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5227x CPUs
160  - mcf532x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5329 CPUs
161  - mcf5445x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5445x CPUs
162  - mcf547x_8x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF547x_8x CPUs
163  - mips	Files specific to MIPS CPUs
164  - mpc5xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xx  CPUs
165  - mpc5xxx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs
166  - mpc8xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC8xx  CPUs
167  - mpc8220	Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs
168  - mpc824x	Files specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs
169  - mpc8260	Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs
170  - mpc85xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs
171  - nios	Files specific to Altera NIOS CPUs
172  - nios2	Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs
173  - ppc4xx	Files specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs
174  - pxa		Files specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs
175  - s3c44b0	Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs
176  - sa1100	Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs
177- disk		Code for disk drive partition handling
178- doc		Documentation (don't expect too much)
179- drivers	Commonly used device drivers
180- dtt		Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
181- examples	Example code for standalone applications, etc.
182- include	Header Files
183- lib_arm	Files generic to ARM	 architecture
184- lib_avr32	Files generic to AVR32	 architecture
185- lib_generic	Files generic to all	 architectures
186- lib_i386	Files generic to i386	 architecture
187- lib_m68k	Files generic to m68k	 architecture
188- lib_mips	Files generic to MIPS	 architecture
189- lib_nios	Files generic to NIOS	 architecture
190- lib_ppc	Files generic to PowerPC architecture
191- lib_sparc	Files generic to SPARC	 architecture
192- libfdt	Library files to support flattened device trees
193- net		Networking code
194- post		Power On Self Test
195- rtc		Real Time Clock drivers
196- tools		Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
197
198Software Configuration:
199=======================
200
201Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
202rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
203
204There are two classes of configuration variables:
205
206* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
207  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
208  "CONFIG_".
209
210* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
211  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
212  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
213  "CFG_".
214
215Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
216identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
217do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
218links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
219as an example here.
220
221
222Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
223---------------------------------------------------
224
225For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
226configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
227
228Example: For a TQM823L module type:
229
230	cd u-boot
231	make TQM823L_config
232
233For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
234e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
235directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
236
237
238Configuration Options:
239----------------------
240
241Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
242such information is kept in a configuration file
243"include/configs/<board_name>.h".
244
245Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
246"include/configs/TQM823L.h".
247
248
249Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
250kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
251build a config tool - later.
252
253
254The following options need to be configured:
255
256- CPU Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
257
258- Board Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
259
260- CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)
261		Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_ATSTK1002
262
263- CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
264		Define exactly one of
265		CONFIG_CMA286_60_OLD
266--- FIXME --- not tested yet:
267		CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
268		CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
269
270- Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
271		Define exactly one of
272		CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
273
274- Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
275		Define one or more of
276		CONFIG_CMA302
277
278- Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
279		Define one or more of
280		CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT	- update a character position on
281					  the lcd display every second with
282					  a "rotator" |\-/|\-/
283
284- Board flavour: (if CONFIG_MPC8260ADS is defined)
285		CONFIG_ADSTYPE
286		Possible values are:
287			CFG_8260ADS	- original MPC8260ADS
288			CFG_8266ADS	- MPC8266ADS
289			CFG_PQ2FADS	- PQ2FADS-ZU or PQ2FADS-VR
290			CFG_8272ADS	- MPC8272ADS
291
292- MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
293		Define exactly one of
294		CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
295
296- 8xx CPU Options: (if using an MPC8xx cpu)
297		CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ	- deprecated: CPU clock if
298					  get_gclk_freq() cannot work
299					  e.g. if there is no 32KHz
300					  reference PIT/RTC clock
301		CONFIG_8xx_OSCLK	- PLL input clock (either EXTCLK
302					  or XTAL/EXTAL)
303
304- 859/866/885 CPU options: (if using a MPC859 or MPC866 or MPC885 CPU):
305		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MIN
306		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MAX
307		CONFIG_8xx_CPUCLK_DEFAULT
308			See doc/README.MPC866
309
310		CFG_MEASURE_CPUCLK
311
312		Define this to measure the actual CPU clock instead
313		of relying on the correctness of the configured
314		values. Mostly useful for board bringup to make sure
315		the PLL is locked at the intended frequency. Note
316		that this requires a (stable) reference clock (32 kHz
317		RTC clock or CFG_8XX_XIN)
318
319- Intel Monahans options:
320		CFG_MONAHANS_RUN_MODE_OSC_RATIO
321
322		Defines the Monahans run mode to oscillator
323		ratio. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, 31. The core
324		frequency is this value multiplied by 13 MHz.
325
326		CFG_MONAHANS_TURBO_RUN_MODE_RATIO
327
328		Defines the Monahans turbo mode to oscillator
329		ratio. Valid values are 1 (default if undefined) and
330		2. The core frequency as calculated above is multiplied
331		by this value.
332
333- Linux Kernel Interface:
334		CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ
335
336		U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
337		internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
338		kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
339		bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
340		"clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
341		converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
342		Linux kernel.
343		When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
344		"clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
345		default environment.
346
347		CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES		[relevant for MIPS only]
348
349		When transfering memsize parameter to linux, some versions
350		expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
351		Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
352
353		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT / CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
354
355		New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
356		passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
357		concepts).
358
359		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
360		 * New libfdt-based support
361		 * Adds the "fdt" command
362		 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
363
364		CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
365		 * Deprecated, see CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
366		 * Original ft_build.c-based support
367		 * Automatically modifies the dft as part of the bootm command
368		 * The environment variable "disable_of", when set,
369		     disables this functionality.
370
371		OF_CPU - The proper name of the cpus node.
372		OF_SOC - The proper name of the soc node.
373		OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
374		OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
375
376		boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC mac addresses
377
378		CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
379
380		Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
381		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
382
383		CONFIG_OF_BOOT_CPU
384
385		This define fills in the correct boot cpu in the boot
386		param header, the default value is zero if undefined.
387
388- Serial Ports:
389		CFG_PL010_SERIAL
390
391		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
392
393		CFG_PL011_SERIAL
394
395		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
396
397		CONFIG_PL011_CLOCK
398
399		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
400		the clock speed of the UARTs.
401
402		CONFIG_PL01x_PORTS
403
404		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
405		define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
406		port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
407
408
409- Console Interface:
410		Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
411		(like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
412		CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
413		console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
414
415		Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
416		port routines must be defined elsewhere
417		(i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
418
419		CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE
420		Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
421		defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
422			VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN	graphic memory organisation
423						(default big endian)
424			VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL	graphic chip supports
425						rectangle fill
426						(cf. smiLynxEM)
427			VIDEO_HW_BITBLT		graphic chip supports
428						bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
429			VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS	visible pixel columns
430						(cols=pitch)
431			VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS	visible pixel rows
432			VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE	bytes per pixel
433			VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT	graphic data format
434						(0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
435			VIDEO_FB_ADRS		framebuffer address
436			VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT	keyboard int fct
437						(i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
438			VIDEO_TSTC_FCT		test char fct
439						(i.e. i8042_tstc)
440			VIDEO_GETC_FCT		get char fct
441						(i.e. i8042_getc)
442			CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR	cursor drawing on/off
443						(requires blink timer
444						cf. i8042.c)
445			CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
446			CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME	display time/date info in
447						upper right corner
448						(requires CONFIG_CMD_DATE)
449			CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO	display Linux logo in
450						upper left corner
451			CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO	use bmp_logo.h instead of
452						linux_logo.h for logo.
453						Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
454			CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
455						addional board info beside
456						the logo
457
458		When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
459		default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
460		environment 'console=serial'.
461
462		When CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE is defined, all console
463		messages (by U-Boot and Linux!) can be silenced with
464		the "silent" environment variable. See
465		doc/README.silent for more information.
466
467- Console Baudrate:
468		CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
469		Select one of the baudrates listed in
470		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
471		CFG_BRGCLK_PRESCALE, baudrate prescale
472
473- Interrupt driven serial port input:
474		CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
475
476		PPC405GP only.
477		Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
478		serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
479		(RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
480		bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
481
482		Leave undefined to disable this feature, including
483		disable the buffer and hardware handshake.
484
485- Console UART Number:
486		CONFIG_UART1_CONSOLE
487
488		AMCC PPC4xx only.
489		If defined internal UART1 (and not UART0) is used
490		as default U-Boot console.
491
492- Boot Delay:	CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
493		Delay before automatically booting the default image;
494		set to -1 to disable autoboot.
495
496		See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
497		work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
498		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
499		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
500		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
501		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
502		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
503		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
504		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
505		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
506		CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
507		CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
508
509- Autoboot Command:
510		CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
511		Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
512		define a command string that is automatically executed
513		when no character is read on the console interface
514		within "Boot Delay" after reset.
515
516		CONFIG_BOOTARGS
517		This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
518		command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
519		environment value "bootargs".
520
521		CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
522		The value of these goes into the environment as
523		"ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
524		as a convenience, when switching between booting from
525		ram and nfs.
526
527- Pre-Boot Commands:
528		CONFIG_PREBOOT
529
530		When this option is #defined, the existence of the
531		environment variable "preboot" will be checked
532		immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
533		countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
534		entering interactive mode.
535
536		This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
537		automatically generated or modified. For an example
538		see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
539		modified when the user holds down a certain
540		combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
541		booting the systems
542
543- Serial Download Echo Mode:
544		CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
545		If defined to 1, all characters received during a
546		serial download (using the "loads" command) are
547		echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
548		emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
549		time on others. This setting #define's the initial
550		value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
551
552- Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
553		CONFIG_KGDB_BAUDRATE
554		Select one of the baudrates listed in
555		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
556
557- Monitor Functions:
558		Monitor commands can be included or excluded
559		from the build by using the #include files
560		"config_cmd_all.h" and #undef'ing unwanted
561		commands, or using "config_cmd_default.h"
562		and augmenting with additional #define's
563		for wanted commands.
564
565		The default command configuration includes all commands
566		except those marked below with a "*".
567
568		CONFIG_CMD_ASKENV	* ask for env variable
569		CONFIG_CMD_AUTOSCRIPT	  Autoscript Support
570		CONFIG_CMD_BDI		  bdinfo
571		CONFIG_CMD_BEDBUG	* Include BedBug Debugger
572		CONFIG_CMD_BMP		* BMP support
573		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board specific commands
574		CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD	  bootd
575		CONFIG_CMD_CACHE	* icache, dcache
576		CONFIG_CMD_CONSOLE	  coninfo
577		CONFIG_CMD_DATE		* support for RTC, date/time...
578		CONFIG_CMD_DHCP		* DHCP support
579		CONFIG_CMD_DIAG		* Diagnostics
580		CONFIG_CMD_DOC		* Disk-On-Chip Support
581		CONFIG_CMD_DTT		* Digital Therm and Thermostat
582		CONFIG_CMD_ECHO		  echo arguments
583		CONFIG_CMD_EEPROM	* EEPROM read/write support
584		CONFIG_CMD_ELF		* bootelf, bootvx
585		CONFIG_CMD_ENV		  saveenv
586		CONFIG_CMD_FDC		* Floppy Disk Support
587		CONFIG_CMD_FAT		* FAT partition support
588		CONFIG_CMD_FDOS		* Dos diskette Support
589		CONFIG_CMD_FLASH	  flinfo, erase, protect
590		CONFIG_CMD_FPGA		  FPGA device initialization support
591		CONFIG_CMD_HWFLOW	* RTS/CTS hw flow control
592		CONFIG_CMD_I2C		* I2C serial bus support
593		CONFIG_CMD_IDE		* IDE harddisk support
594		CONFIG_CMD_IMI		  iminfo
595		CONFIG_CMD_IMLS		  List all found images
596		CONFIG_CMD_IMMAP	* IMMR dump support
597		CONFIG_CMD_IRQ		* irqinfo
598		CONFIG_CMD_ITEST	  Integer/string test of 2 values
599		CONFIG_CMD_JFFS2	* JFFS2 Support
600		CONFIG_CMD_KGDB		* kgdb
601		CONFIG_CMD_LOADB	  loadb
602		CONFIG_CMD_LOADS	  loads
603		CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY	  md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
604					  loop, loopw, mtest
605		CONFIG_CMD_MISC		  Misc functions like sleep etc
606		CONFIG_CMD_MMC		* MMC memory mapped support
607		CONFIG_CMD_MII		* MII utility commands
608		CONFIG_CMD_NAND		* NAND support
609		CONFIG_CMD_NET		  bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
610		CONFIG_CMD_PCI		* pciinfo
611		CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA		* PCMCIA support
612		CONFIG_CMD_PING		* send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network
613					  host
614		CONFIG_CMD_PORTIO	* Port I/O
615		CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO	* Register dump
616		CONFIG_CMD_RUN		  run command in env variable
617		CONFIG_CMD_SAVES	* save S record dump
618		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI		* SCSI Support
619		CONFIG_CMD_SDRAM	* print SDRAM configuration information
620					  (requires CONFIG_CMD_I2C)
621		CONFIG_CMD_SETGETDCR	  Support for DCR Register access
622					  (4xx only)
623		CONFIG_CMD_SPI		* SPI serial bus support
624		CONFIG_CMD_USB		* USB support
625		CONFIG_CMD_VFD		* VFD support (TRAB)
626		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board SPecific functions
627		CONFIG_CMD_CDP		* Cisco Discover Protocol support
628		CONFIG_CMD_FSL		* Microblaze FSL support
629
630
631		EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
632		support you can write:
633
634		#include "config_cmd_all.h"
635		#undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
636
637	Other Commands:
638		fdt (flattened device tree) command: CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
639
640	Note:	Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
641		(configuration option CONFIG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
642		what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
643		cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
644		8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
645		uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
646		systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
647		initial stack and some data.
648
649
650		XXX - this list needs to get updated!
651
652- Watchdog:
653		CONFIG_WATCHDOG
654		If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
655		support. There must be support in the platform specific
656		code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
657		SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
658		register.
659
660- U-Boot Version:
661		CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE
662		If this variable is defined, an environment variable
663		named "ver" is created by U-Boot showing the U-Boot
664		version as printed by the "version" command.
665		This variable is readonly.
666
667- Real-Time Clock:
668
669		When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
670		has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
671		following options:
672
673		CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx	- use internal RTC of MPC8xx
674		CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563	- use Philips PCF8563 RTC
675		CONFIG_RTC_MC13783	- use MC13783 RTC
676		CONFIG_RTC_MC146818	- use MC146818 RTC
677		CONFIG_RTC_DS1307	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
678		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
679		CONFIG_RTC_DS1338	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
680		CONFIG_RTC_DS164x	- use Dallas DS164x RTC
681		CONFIG_RTC_ISL1208	- use Intersil ISL1208 RTC
682		CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900	- use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
683		CFG_RTC_DS1337_NOOSC	- Turn off the OSC output for DS1337
684
685		Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
686		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
687
688- Timestamp Support:
689
690		When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
691		(date and time) of an image is printed by image
692		commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
693		automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
694
695- Partition Support:
696		CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
697		and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
698
699		If IDE or SCSI support is enabled (CONFIG_CMD_IDE or
700		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at
701		least one partition type as well.
702
703- IDE Reset method:
704		CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
705		board configurations files but used nowhere!
706
707		CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
708		be performed by calling the function
709			ide_set_reset(int reset)
710		which has to be defined in a board specific file
711
712- ATAPI Support:
713		CONFIG_ATAPI
714
715		Set this to enable ATAPI support.
716
717- LBA48 Support
718		CONFIG_LBA48
719
720		Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
721		Also look at CFG_64BIT_LBA ,CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF and CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL
722		Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
723		support disks up to 2.1TB.
724
725		CFG_64BIT_LBA:
726			When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
727			Default is 32bit.
728
729- SCSI Support:
730		At the moment only there is only support for the
731		SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
732		CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
733
734		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
735		CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
736		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
737		maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
738		devices.
739		CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
740
741- NETWORK Support (PCI):
742		CONFIG_E1000
743		Support for Intel 8254x gigabit chips.
744
745		CONFIG_E1000_FALLBACK_MAC
746		default MAC for empty eeprom after production.
747
748		CONFIG_EEPRO100
749		Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
750		Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
751		write routine for first time initialisation.
752
753		CONFIG_TULIP
754		Support for Digital 2114x chips.
755		Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
756		modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
757
758		CONFIG_NATSEMI
759		Support for National dp83815 chips.
760
761		CONFIG_NS8382X
762		Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
763
764- NETWORK Support (other):
765
766		CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96
767		Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
768
769			CONFIG_LAN91C96_BASE
770			Define this to hold the physical address
771			of the LAN91C96's I/O space
772
773			CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
774			Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
775
776		CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111
777		Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
778
779			CONFIG_SMC91111_BASE
780			Define this to hold the physical address
781			of the device (I/O space)
782
783			CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
784			Define this if data bus is 32 bits
785
786			CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
787			Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
788			(some hardware wont work with macros)
789
790- USB Support:
791		At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
792		supported (PIP405, MIP405, MPC5200); define
793		CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
794		define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
795		and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
796		storage devices.
797		Note:
798		Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
799		(TEAC FD-05PUB).
800		MPC5200 USB requires additional defines:
801			CONFIG_USB_CLOCK
802				for 528 MHz Clock: 0x0001bbbb
803			CONFIG_USB_CONFIG
804				for differential drivers: 0x00001000
805				for single ended drivers: 0x00005000
806			CFG_USB_EVENT_POLL
807				May be defined to allow interrupt polling
808				instead of using asynchronous interrupts
809
810- USB Device:
811		Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
812		Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
813		command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
814		attach your usb cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
815		it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
816		can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
817		appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
818		Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
819		If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
820		a Linux host by
821		# modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
822		else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
823		variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
824		might be defined in YourBoardName.h
825
826			CONFIG_USB_DEVICE
827			Define this to build a UDC device
828
829			CONFIG_USB_TTY
830			Define this to have a tty type of device available to
831			talk to the UDC device
832
833			CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
834			Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
835			be set to usbtty.
836
837			mpc8xx:
838				CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0xBLAH
839				Derive USB clock from external clock "blah"
840				- CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0x02
841
842				CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0xBLAH
843				Derive USB clock from brgclk
844				- CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0x04
845
846		If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
847		define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
848		or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
849		CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
850		CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
851		should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
852
853			CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
854			Define this string as the name of your company for
855			- CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
856
857			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
858			Define this string as the name of your product
859			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
860
861			CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID
862			Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
863			Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
864			to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
865			- CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
866
867			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
868			Define this as the unique Product ID
869			for your device
870			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
871
872
873- MMC Support:
874		The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
875		enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
876		accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
877		to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
878		enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
879		the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
880
881- Journaling Flash filesystem support:
882		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_OFF, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_SIZE,
883		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_DEV
884		Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
885
886		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
887		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CFG_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
888		Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
889
890		CFG_JFFS_CUSTOM_PART
891		Define this to create an own partition. You have to provide a
892		function struct part_info* jffs2_part_info(int part_num)
893
894		If you define only one JFFS2 partition you may also want to
895		#define CFG_JFFS_SINGLE_PART	1
896		to disable the command chpart. This is the default when you
897		have not defined a custom partition
898
899- Keyboard Support:
900		CONFIG_ISA_KEYBOARD
901
902		Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
903		support
904
905		CONFIG_I8042_KBD
906		Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
907		GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
908		Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
909		for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
910
911- Video support:
912		CONFIG_VIDEO
913
914		Define this to enable video support (for output to
915		video).
916
917		CONFIG_VIDEO_CT69000
918
919		Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
920
921		CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
922		Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip. The
923		video output is selected via environment 'videoout'
924		(1 = LCD and 2 = CRT). If videoout is undefined, CRT is
925		assumed.
926
927		For the CT69000 and SMI_LYNXEM drivers, videomode is
928		selected via environment 'videomode'. Two diferent ways
929		are possible:
930		- "videomode=num"   'num' is a standard LiLo mode numbers.
931		Following standard modes are supported	(* is default):
932
933		      Colors	640x480 800x600 1024x768 1152x864 1280x1024
934		-------------+---------------------------------------------
935		      8 bits |	0x301*	0x303	 0x305	  0x161	    0x307
936		     15 bits |	0x310	0x313	 0x316	  0x162	    0x319
937		     16 bits |	0x311	0x314	 0x317	  0x163	    0x31A
938		     24 bits |	0x312	0x315	 0x318	    ?	    0x31B
939		-------------+---------------------------------------------
940		(i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
941
942		- "videomode=bootargs" all the video parameters are parsed
943		from the bootargs. (See drivers/video/videomodes.c)
944
945
946		CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
947		Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
948		and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
949		or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
950
951- Keyboard Support:
952		CONFIG_KEYBOARD
953
954		Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
955		This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
956		defined in your board-specific files.
957		The only board using this so far is RBC823.
958
959- LCD Support:	CONFIG_LCD
960
961		Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
962		display); also select one of the supported displays
963		by defining one of these:
964
965		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
966
967			NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
968
969		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
970
971			NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
972			Active, color, single scan.
973
974		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
975
976			NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
977			Active, color, single scan.
978
979		CONFIG_SHARP_16x9
980
981			Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
982			It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
983
984		CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
985
986			Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
987			Active, color, single scan.
988
989		CONFIG_HLD1045
990
991			HLD1045 display, 640x480.
992			Active, color, single scan.
993
994		CONFIG_OPTREX_BW
995
996			Optrex	 CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
997			or
998			Hitachi	 LMG6912RPFC-00T
999			or
1000			Hitachi	 SP14Q002
1001
1002			320x240. Black & white.
1003
1004		Normally display is black on white background; define
1005		CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
1006
1007- Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
1008
1009		If this option is set, the environment is checked for
1010		a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
1011		of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
1012		is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
1013		specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1014		console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1015		allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1016		loaded very quickly after power-on.
1017
1018- Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1019
1020		If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1021		images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1022		splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1023
1024- Compression support:
1025		CONFIG_BZIP2
1026
1027		If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1028		images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1029		compressed images are supported.
1030
1031		NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1032		the malloc area (as defined by CFG_MALLOC_LEN) should
1033		be at least 4MB.
1034
1035- MII/PHY support:
1036		CONFIG_PHY_ADDR
1037
1038		The address of PHY on MII bus.
1039
1040		CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1041
1042		The clock frequency of the MII bus
1043
1044		CONFIG_PHY_GIGE
1045
1046		If this option is set, support for speed/duplex
1047		detection of Gigabit PHY is included.
1048
1049		CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1050
1051		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1052		reset before any MII register access is possible.
1053		For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1054		required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1055
1056		CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1057
1058		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1059		command issued before MII status register can be read
1060
1061- Ethernet address:
1062		CONFIG_ETHADDR
1063		CONFIG_ETH2ADDR
1064		CONFIG_ETH3ADDR
1065
1066		Define a default value for ethernet address to use
1067		for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
1068		is not determined automatically.
1069
1070- IP address:
1071		CONFIG_IPADDR
1072
1073		Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1074		the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
1075		determined through e.g. bootp.
1076
1077- Server IP address:
1078		CONFIG_SERVERIP
1079
1080		Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
1081		server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1082
1083- Multicast TFTP Mode:
1084		CONFIG_MCAST_TFTP
1085
1086		Defines whether you want to support multicast TFTP as per
1087		rfc-2090; for example to work with atftp.  Lets lots of targets
1088		tftp down the same boot image concurrently.  Note: the ethernet
1089		driver in use must provide a function: mcast() to join/leave a
1090		multicast group.
1091
1092		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1093- BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1094		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1095
1096		If you have many targets in a network that try to
1097		boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1098		systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1099		moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1100		from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1101		boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1102		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1103		inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1104		following delays are inserted then:
1105
1106		1st BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 1 sec
1107		2nd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 2 sec
1108		3rd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 4 sec
1109		4th and following
1110		BOOTP requests:		delay 0 ... 8 sec
1111
1112- DHCP Advanced Options:
1113		You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1114		CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1115
1116		CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
1117		CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
1118		CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
1119		CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1120		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
1121		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1122		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1123		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2
1124		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1125		CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1126		CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1127		CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1128
1129		CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1130		environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1131
1132		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 - If a DHCP client requests the DNS
1133		serverip from a DHCP server, it is possible that more
1134		than one DNS serverip is offered to the client.
1135		If CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 is enabled, the secondary DNS
1136		serverip will be stored in the additional environment
1137		variable "dnsip2". The first DNS serverip is always
1138		stored in the variable "dnsip", when CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1139		is defined.
1140
1141		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1142		to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1143		need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1144		If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1145		of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1146		option 12 to the DHCP server.
1147
1148		CONFIG_BOOTP_DHCP_REQUEST_DELAY
1149
1150		A 32bit value in microseconds for a delay between
1151		receiving a "DHCP Offer" and sending the "DHCP Request".
1152		This fixes a problem with certain DHCP servers that don't
1153		respond 100% of the time to a "DHCP request". E.g. On an
1154		AT91RM9200 processor running at 180MHz, this delay needed
1155		to be *at least* 15,000 usec before a Windows Server 2003
1156		DHCP server would reply 100% of the time. I recommend at
1157		least 50,000 usec to be safe. The alternative is to hope
1158		that one of the retries will be successful but note that
1159		the DHCP timeout and retry process takes a longer than
1160		this delay.
1161
1162 - CDP Options:
1163		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1164
1165		The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1166
1167		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1168
1169		A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1170		of the device.
1171
1172		CONFIG_CDP_PORT_ID
1173
1174		A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1175		the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1176		eth0 for the first ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1177
1178		CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1179
1180		A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1181		0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1182
1183		CONFIG_CDP_VERSION
1184
1185		An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1186
1187		CONFIG_CDP_PLATFORM
1188
1189		An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1190
1191		CONFIG_CDP_TRIGGER
1192
1193		A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1194
1195		CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1196
1197		A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1198		device in .1 of milliwatts.
1199
1200		CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1201
1202		A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1203
1204- Status LED:	CONFIG_STATUS_LED
1205
1206		Several configurations allow to display the current
1207		status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1208		fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1209		soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1210		start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1211		(supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1212		kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
1213		feature in U-Boot.
1214
1215- CAN Support:	CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
1216
1217		Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
1218		on those systems that support this (optional)
1219		feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
1220
1221- I2C Support:	CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
1222
1223		These enable I2C serial bus commands. Defining either of
1224		(but not both of) CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C will
1225		include the appropriate I2C driver for the selected cpu.
1226
1227		This will allow you to use i2c commands at the u-boot
1228		command line (as long as you set CONFIG_CMD_I2C in
1229		CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c based realtime
1230		clock chips. See common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
1231		command line interface.
1232
1233		CONFIG_I2C_CMD_TREE is a recommended option that places
1234		all I2C commands under a single 'i2c' root command.  The
1235		older 'imm', 'imd', 'iprobe' etc. commands are considered
1236		deprecated and may disappear in the future.
1237
1238		CONFIG_HARD_I2C selects a hardware I2C controller.
1239
1240		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C configures u-boot to use a software (aka
1241		bit-banging) driver instead of CPM or similar hardware
1242		support for I2C.
1243
1244		There are several other quantities that must also be
1245		defined when you define CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C.
1246
1247		In both cases you will need to define CFG_I2C_SPEED
1248		to be the frequency (in Hz) at which you wish your i2c bus
1249		to run and CFG_I2C_SLAVE to be the address of this node (ie
1250		the cpu's i2c node address).
1251
1252		Now, the u-boot i2c code for the mpc8xx (cpu/mpc8xx/i2c.c)
1253		sets the cpu up as a master node and so its address should
1254		therefore be cleared to 0 (See, eg, MPC823e User's Manual
1255		p.16-473). So, set CFG_I2C_SLAVE to 0.
1256
1257		That's all that's required for CONFIG_HARD_I2C.
1258
1259		If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
1260		then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1261		from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1262
1263		I2C_INIT
1264
1265		(Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1266		controller or configure ports.
1267
1268		eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=	PB_SCL)
1269
1270		I2C_PORT
1271
1272		(Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
1273		assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
1274		are 0..3 for ports A..D.
1275
1276		I2C_ACTIVE
1277
1278		The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1279		(driven).  If the data line is open collector, this
1280		define can be null.
1281
1282		eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=  PB_SDA)
1283
1284		I2C_TRISTATE
1285
1286		The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1287		(inactive).  If the data line is open collector, this
1288		define can be null.
1289
1290		eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1291
1292		I2C_READ
1293
1294		Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
1295		FALSE if it is low.
1296
1297		eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1298
1299		I2C_SDA(bit)
1300
1301		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1302		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1303
1304		eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1305			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SDA; \
1306			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1307
1308		I2C_SCL(bit)
1309
1310		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1311		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1312
1313		eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1314			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SCL; \
1315			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1316
1317		I2C_DELAY
1318
1319		This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1320		controls the rate of data transfer.  The data rate thus
1321		is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1322		like:
1323
1324		#define I2C_DELAY  udelay(2)
1325
1326		CFG_I2C_INIT_BOARD
1327
1328		When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1329		chips might think that the current transfer is still
1330		in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1331		the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1332		processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1333		connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1334		custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1335		is run early in the boot sequence.
1336
1337		CONFIG_I2CFAST (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
1338
1339		This option enables configuration of bi_iic_fast[] flags
1340		in u-boot bd_info structure based on u-boot environment
1341		variable "i2cfast". (see also i2cfast)
1342
1343		CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1344
1345		This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1346		must have a controller.  At any point in time, only one bus is
1347		active.  To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1348		Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1349
1350		CFG_I2C_NOPROBES
1351
1352		This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1353		when the 'i2c probe' command is issued (or 'iprobe' using the legacy
1354		command).  If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS is set, specify a list of bus-device
1355		pairs.	Otherwise, specify a 1D array of device addresses
1356
1357		e.g.
1358			#undef	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1359			#define CFG_I2C_NOPROBES	{0x50,0x68}
1360
1361		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1362
1363			#define	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1364			#define CFG_I2C_MULTI_NOPROBES	{{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1365
1366		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1367
1368		CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
1369
1370		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1371		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1372
1373		CFG_RTC_BUS_NUM
1374
1375		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1376		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1377
1378		CFG_DTT_BUS_NUM
1379
1380		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the DTT.
1381		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that DTT is on I2C bus 0.
1382
1383		CONFIG_FSL_I2C
1384
1385		Define this option if you want to use Freescale's I2C driver in
1386		drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c.
1387
1388
1389- SPI Support:	CONFIG_SPI
1390
1391		Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1392		SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1393		D/As on the SACSng board)
1394
1395		CONFIG_SPI_X
1396
1397		Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
1398		(symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
1399
1400		CONFIG_SOFT_SPI
1401
1402		Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1403		using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1404		driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1405		(two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1406		defined, the board configuration must define several
1407		SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1408		an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1409
1410		CONFIG_HARD_SPI
1411
1412		Enables a hardware SPI driver for general-purpose reads
1413		and writes.  As with CONFIG_SOFT_SPI, the board configuration
1414		must define a list of chip-select function pointers.
1415		Currently supported on some MPC8xxx processors.  For an
1416		example, see include/configs/mpc8349emds.h.
1417
1418		CONFIG_MXC_SPI
1419
1420		Enables the driver for the SPI controllers on i.MX and MXC
1421		SoCs. Currently only i.MX31 is supported.
1422
1423- FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1424
1425		Enables FPGA subsystem.
1426
1427		CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1428
1429		Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1430		(ALTERA, XILINX)
1431
1432		CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1433
1434		Enables support for FPGA family.
1435		(SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1436
1437		CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1438
1439		Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1440
1441		CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1442
1443		Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1444
1445		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_BUSY
1446
1447		Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1448		status by the configuration function. This option
1449		will require a board or device specific function to
1450		be written.
1451
1452		CONFIG_FPGA_DELAY
1453
1454		If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1455		configuration driver.
1456
1457		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1458		Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1459
1460		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1461
1462		Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1463		loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1464		configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1465		indicated a CRC error).
1466
1467		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_INIT
1468
1469		Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1470		after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1471		FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1472		mS.
1473
1474		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_BUSY
1475
1476		Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1477		Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1478
1479		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1480
1481		Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1482		200 mS.
1483
1484- Configuration Management:
1485		CONFIG_IDENT_STRING
1486
1487		If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1488		version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1489
1490- Vendor Parameter Protection:
1491
1492		U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1493		variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1494		"ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
1495		are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1496		protects these variables from casual modification by
1497		the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1498		and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1499		change this behviour:
1500
1501		If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1502		file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1503		completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1504		these parameters.
1505
1506		Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1507		_and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1508		ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1509		which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1510		serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1511		read-only.]
1512
1513- Protected RAM:
1514		CONFIG_PRAM
1515
1516		Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1517		"protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1518		by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1519		kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1520		this default value by defining an environment
1521		variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1522		reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1523		still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1524		reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1525		automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1526		remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1527		argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1528
1529			setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
1530			saveenv
1531
1532		This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1533		either, which results in a memory region that will
1534		not be affected by reboots.
1535
1536		*WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1537		detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1538		this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1539		following board configurations are known to be
1540		"pRAM-clean":
1541
1542			ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1543			HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1544			PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1545
1546- Error Recovery:
1547		CONFIG_PANIC_HANG
1548
1549		Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1550		fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1551		This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1552		system where you want to system to reboot
1553		automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1554		useful during development since you can try to debug
1555		the conditions that lead to the situation.
1556
1557		CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1558
1559		This variable defines the number of retries for
1560		network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1561		before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1562		default value of 5 is used.
1563
1564- Command Interpreter:
1565		CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
1566
1567		Enable auto completion of commands using TAB.
1568
1569		Note that this feature has NOT been implemented yet
1570		for the "hush" shell.
1571
1572
1573		CFG_HUSH_PARSER
1574
1575		Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1576		Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1577		powerful command line syntax like
1578		if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1579		constructs ("shell scripts").
1580
1581		If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1582		with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1583
1584
1585		CFG_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2
1586
1587		This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1588		printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1589		to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1590
1591	Note:
1592
1593		In the current implementation, the local variables
1594		space and global environment variables space are
1595		separated. Local variables are those you define by
1596		simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
1597		variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1598		`${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
1599		directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
1600
1601		Global environment variables are those you use
1602		setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1603		in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1604		and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1605
1606		To store commands and special characters in a
1607		variable, please use double quotation marks
1608		surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1609		of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1610		symbols.
1611
1612- Commandline Editing and History:
1613		CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
1614
1615		Enable editiong and History functions for interactive
1616		commandline input operations
1617
1618- Default Environment:
1619		CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1620
1621		Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1622		strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1623		the default environment compiled into the boot image.
1624
1625		For example, place something like this in your
1626		board's config file:
1627
1628		#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1629			"myvar1=value1\0" \
1630			"myvar2=value2\0"
1631
1632		Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1633		internal format how the environment is stored by the
1634		U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1635		interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1636		will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
1637		You better know what you are doing here.
1638
1639		Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1640		discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1641		the environment like the autoscript function or the
1642		boot command first.
1643
1644- DataFlash Support:
1645		CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
1646
1647		Defining this option enables DataFlash features and
1648		allows to read/write in Dataflash via the standard
1649		commands cp, md...
1650
1651- SystemACE Support:
1652		CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1653
1654		Adding this option adds support for Xilinx SystemACE
1655		chips attached via some sort of local bus. The address
1656		of the chip must alsh be defined in the
1657		CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE macro. For example:
1658
1659		#define CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1660		#define CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE 0xf0000000
1661
1662		When SystemACE support is added, the "ace" device type
1663		becomes available to the fat commands, i.e. fatls.
1664
1665- TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
1666		CONFIG_TFTP_PORT
1667
1668		If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
1669		is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
1670		If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
1671		number generator is used.
1672
1673		Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
1674		the TFTP UDP destination port value.  If tftpdstp isn't
1675		defined, the normal port 69 is used.
1676
1677		The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
1678		blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
1679		target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
1680		"punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
1681		the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
1682		A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
1683		but sometimes that is not allowed.
1684
1685- Show boot progress:
1686		CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1687
1688		Defining this option allows to add some board-
1689		specific code (calling a user-provided function
1690		"show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1691		the system's boot progress on some display (for
1692		example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1693		the following checkpoints are implemented:
1694
1695Legacy uImage format:
1696
1697  Arg	Where			When
1698    1	common/cmd_bootm.c	before attempting to boot an image
1699   -1	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 magic number
1700    2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct magic number
1701   -2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1702    3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct checksum
1703   -3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has bad	 checksum
1704    4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has correct checksum
1705   -4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image is for unsupported architecture
1706    5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1707   -5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi)
1708    6	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image Type check OK
1709   -6	common/cmd_bootm.c	gunzip uncompression error
1710   -7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unimplemented compression type
1711    7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Uncompression OK
1712    8	common/cmd_bootm.c	No uncompress/copy overwrite error
1713   -9	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1714
1715    9	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1716  -10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   magic number
1717  -11	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   checksum
1718   10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header is OK
1719  -12	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has bad	   checksum
1720   11	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has correct checksum
1721   12	common/image.c		Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1722  -13	common/image.c		Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1723   13	common/image.c		Start multifile image verification
1724   14	common/image.c		No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1725
1726   15	lib_<arch>/bootm.c	All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1727
1728  -30	lib_ppc/board.c		Fatal error, hang the system
1729  -31	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
1730  -32	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
1731
1732   34	common/cmd_doc.c	before loading a Image from a DOC device
1733  -35	common/cmd_doc.c	Bad usage of "doc" command
1734   35	common/cmd_doc.c	correct usage of "doc" command
1735  -36	common/cmd_doc.c	No boot device
1736   36	common/cmd_doc.c	correct boot device
1737  -37	common/cmd_doc.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1738   37	common/cmd_doc.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1739  -38	common/cmd_doc.c	Read Error on boot device
1740   38	common/cmd_doc.c	reading Image header from DOC device OK
1741  -39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has bad magic number
1742   39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1743  -40	common/cmd_doc.c	Error reading Image from DOC device
1744   40	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1745   41	common/cmd_ide.c	before loading a Image from a IDE device
1746  -42	common/cmd_ide.c	Bad usage of "ide" command
1747   42	common/cmd_ide.c	correct usage of "ide" command
1748  -43	common/cmd_ide.c	No boot device
1749   43	common/cmd_ide.c	boot device found
1750  -44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device not available
1751   44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device available
1752  -45	common/cmd_ide.c	wrong partition selected
1753   45	common/cmd_ide.c	partition selected
1754  -46	common/cmd_ide.c	Unknown partition table
1755   46	common/cmd_ide.c	valid partition table found
1756  -47	common/cmd_ide.c	Invalid partition type
1757   47	common/cmd_ide.c	correct partition type
1758  -48	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1759   48	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image Header from IDE device OK
1760  -49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad magic number
1761   49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct magic number
1762  -50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1763   50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct checksum
1764  -51	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image from IDE device
1765   51	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image from IDE device OK
1766   52	common/cmd_nand.c	before loading a Image from a NAND device
1767  -53	common/cmd_nand.c	Bad usage of "nand" command
1768   53	common/cmd_nand.c	correct usage of "nand" command
1769  -54	common/cmd_nand.c	No boot device
1770   54	common/cmd_nand.c	boot device found
1771  -55	common/cmd_nand.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1772   55	common/cmd_nand.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1773  -56	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1774   56	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image Header from NAND device OK
1775  -57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has bad magic number
1776   57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has correct magic number
1777  -58	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image from NAND device
1778   58	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image from NAND device OK
1779
1780  -60	common/env_common.c	Environment has a bad CRC, using default
1781
1782   64	net/eth.c		starting with Ethernetconfiguration.
1783  -64	net/eth.c		no Ethernet found.
1784   65	net/eth.c		Ethernet found.
1785
1786  -80	common/cmd_net.c	usage wrong
1787   80	common/cmd_net.c	before calling NetLoop()
1788  -81	common/cmd_net.c	some error in NetLoop() occured
1789   81	common/cmd_net.c	NetLoop() back without error
1790  -82	common/cmd_net.c	size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
1791   82	common/cmd_net.c	trying automatic boot
1792   83	common/cmd_net.c	running autoscript
1793  -83	common/cmd_net.c	some error in automatic boot or autoscript
1794   84	common/cmd_net.c	end without errors
1795
1796FIT uImage format:
1797
1798  Arg	Where			When
1799  100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has correct format
1800 -100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has incorrect format
1801  101	common/cmd_bootm.c	No Kernel subimage unit name, using configuration
1802 -101	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get configuration for kernel subimage
1803  102	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel unit name specified
1804 -103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage node offset
1805  103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Found configuration node
1806  104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage node offset
1807 -104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification failed
1808  105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification OK
1809 -105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage is for unsupported architecture
1810  106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1811 -106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage has wrong typea
1812  107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimge type OK
1813 -107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage data/size
1814  108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage data/size
1815 -108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong image type (not legacy, FIT)
1816 -109	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage type
1817 -110	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage comp
1818 -111	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage os
1819 -112	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage load address
1820 -113	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image uncompress/copy overwrite error
1821
1822  120	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1823 -120	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has incorrect format
1824  121	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has correct format
1825  122	common/image.c		No Ramdisk subimage unit name, using configuration
1826 -122	common/image.c		Can't get configuration for ramdisk subimage
1827  123	common/image.c		Ramdisk unit name specified
1828 -124	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage node offset
1829  125	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage node offset
1830 -125	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification failed
1831  126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification OK
1832 -126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage for unsupported architecture
1833  127	common/image.c		Architecture check OK
1834 -127	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage data/size
1835  128	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage data/size
1836  129	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk load address
1837 -129	common/image.c		Got ramdisk load address
1838
1839 -130	common/cmd_doc.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1840  131	common/cmd_doc.c	FIT image format OK
1841
1842 -140	common/cmd_ide.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1843  141	common/cmd_ide.c	FIT image format OK
1844
1845 -150	common/cmd_nand.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1846  151	common/cmd_nand.c	FIT image format OK
1847
1848
1849Modem Support:
1850--------------
1851
1852[so far only for SMDK2400 and TRAB boards]
1853
1854- Modem support endable:
1855		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1856
1857- RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1858		CONFIG_HWFLOW
1859
1860- Modem debug support:
1861		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1862
1863		Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1864		for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1865
1866- Interrupt support (PPC):
1867
1868		There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
1869		for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
1870		for cpu specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
1871		should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
1872		cpu resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
1873		(ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
1874		timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for cpu
1875		specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
1876		/ other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
1877		general timer_interrupt().
1878
1879- General:
1880
1881		In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1882		specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1883		power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1884		(autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1885		board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1886		function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1887		initialization.
1888
1889		If there are no modem init strings in the
1890		environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1891		previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1892		supressed, though.
1893
1894		See also: doc/README.Modem
1895
1896
1897Configuration Settings:
1898-----------------------
1899
1900- CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1901		undefine this when you're short of memory.
1902
1903- CFG_PROMPT:	This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1904		prompt for user input.
1905
1906- CFG_CBSIZE:	Buffer size for input from the Console
1907
1908- CFG_PBSIZE:	Buffer size for Console output
1909
1910- CFG_MAXARGS:	max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1911
1912- CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1913		the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1914		booted
1915
1916- CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1917		List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1918
1919- CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1920		Suppress display of console information at boot.
1921
1922- CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1923		If the board specific function
1924			extern int overwrite_console (void);
1925		returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1926		serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1927
1928- CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1929		Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1930
1931- CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1932		Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1933
1934- CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1935		Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1936		simple memory test.
1937
1938- CFG_ALT_MEMTEST:
1939		Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1940
1941- CFG_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
1942		Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
1943		You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
1944
1945- CFG_MEM_TOP_HIDE (PPC only):
1946		If CFG_MEM_TOP_HIDE is defined in the board config header,
1947		this specified memory area will get subtracted from the top
1948		(end) of ram and won't get "touched" at all by U-Boot. By
1949		fixing up gd->ram_size the Linux kernel should gets passed
1950		the now "corrected" memory size and won't touch it either.
1951		This should work for arch/ppc and arch/powerpc. Only Linux
1952		board ports in arch/powerpc with bootwrapper support that
1953		recalculate the memory size from the SDRAM controller setup
1954		will have to get fixed in Linux additionally.
1955
1956		This option can be used as a workaround for the 440EPx/GRx
1957		CHIP 11 errata where the last 256 bytes in SDRAM shouldn't
1958		be touched.
1959
1960		WARNING: Please make sure that this value is a multiple of
1961		the Linux page size (normally 4k). If this is not the case,
1962		then the end address of the Linux memory will be located at a
1963		non page size aligned address and this could cause major
1964		problems.
1965
1966- CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1967		Default load address for network file downloads
1968
1969- CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1970		Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1971
1972- CFG_SDRAM_BASE:
1973		Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1974
1975- CFG_MBIO_BASE:
1976		Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1977		Cogent motherboard)
1978
1979- CFG_FLASH_BASE:
1980		Physical start address of Flash memory.
1981
1982- CFG_MONITOR_BASE:
1983		Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1984		make config files to be same as the text base address
1985		(TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1986		CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1987
1988- CFG_MONITOR_LEN:
1989		Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
1990		determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
1991		embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
1992		flash sector.
1993
1994- CFG_MALLOC_LEN:
1995		Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1996
1997- CFG_BOOTM_LEN:
1998		Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
1999		uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
2000		you can define CFG_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
2001		to adjust this setting to your needs.
2002
2003- CFG_BOOTMAPSZ:
2004		Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
2005		the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
2006		the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, FDT blob if
2007		used) must be put below this limit, unless "bootm_low"
2008		enviroment variable is defined and non-zero. In such case
2009		all data for the Linux kernel must be between "bootm_low"
2010		and "bootm_low" + CFG_BOOTMAPSZ.
2011
2012- CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
2013		Max number of Flash memory banks
2014
2015- CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
2016		Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
2017
2018- CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
2019		Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
2020
2021- CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
2022		Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
2023
2024- CFG_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
2025		Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
2026
2027- CFG_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
2028		Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
2029
2030- CFG_FLASH_PROTECTION
2031		If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
2032		instead of U-Boot software protection.
2033
2034- CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
2035
2036		Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
2037		without this option such a download has to be
2038		performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
2039		copy from RAM to flash.
2040
2041		The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
2042		you can check if the download worked before you erase
2043		the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
2044		too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
2045		downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
2046
2047- CFG_FLASH_CFI:
2048		Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
2049		common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
2050
2051- CFG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
2052		This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
2053		in the drivers directory
2054
2055- CFG_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE
2056		Use buffered writes to flash.
2057
2058- CONFIG_FLASH_SPANSION_S29WS_N
2059		s29ws-n MirrorBit flash has non-standard addresses for buffered
2060		write commands.
2061
2062- CFG_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
2063		If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
2064		print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
2065		is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
2066		optionally available.
2067
2068- CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS
2069		If defined (must be an integer), print out countdown
2070		digits and dots.  Recommended value: 45 (9..1) for 80
2071		column displays, 15 (3..1) for 40 column displays.
2072
2073- CFG_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
2074		Defines the number of ethernet receive buffers. On some
2075		ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
2076		to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
2077		buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
2078		on high ethernet traffic.
2079		Defaults to 4 if not defined.
2080
2081The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
2082of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
2083following configurations:
2084
2085- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
2086
2087	Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
2088
2089	a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
2090	   "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
2091	   happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
2092	   sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
2093	   sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
2094	   layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
2095	   such a case you would place the environment in one of the
2096	   4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
2097	   "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
2098	   environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
2099	   between U-Boot and the environment.
2100
2101	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2102
2103	   Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
2104	   beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
2105	   type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
2106	   for this sector is given here.
2107
2108	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
2109
2110	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2111
2112	   This is just another way to specify the start address of
2113	   the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
2114	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET).
2115
2116	- CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
2117
2118	   Size of the sector containing the environment.
2119
2120
2121	b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
2122	   In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
2123	   the environment.
2124
2125	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2126
2127	   If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
2128	   and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
2129	   of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
2130	   memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
2131
2132	   It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
2133	   when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
2134	   since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
2135	   for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
2136	   STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
2137	   updating the environment in flash makes it always
2138	   necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
2139	   wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
2140	   RAM, your target system will be dead.
2141
2142	- CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
2143	  CFG_ENV_SIZE_REDUND
2144
2145	   These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
2146	   a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
2147	   a valid backup copy in case there is a power failure during
2148	   a "saveenv" operation.
2149
2150BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
2151source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
2152accordingly!
2153
2154
2155- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
2156
2157	Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
2158	(NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
2159	environment.
2160
2161	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2162	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2163
2164	  These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
2165	  want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
2166	  can just be read and written to, without any special
2167	  provision.
2168
2169BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2170in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2171console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
2172U-Boot will hang.
2173
2174Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2175environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2176keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2177to save the current settings.
2178
2179
2180- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
2181
2182	Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
2183	device and a driver for it.
2184
2185	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2186	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2187
2188	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
2189	  environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
2190
2191	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
2192	  If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
2193	  The default address is zero.
2194
2195	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
2196	  If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
2197	  single page in the EEPROM device.  A 64 byte page, for example
2198	  would require six bits.
2199
2200	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
2201	  If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
2202	  page writes.	The default is zero milliseconds.
2203
2204	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
2205	  The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address.  Note
2206	  that this is NOT the chip address length!
2207
2208	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_OVERFLOW:
2209	  EEPROM chips that implement "address overflow" are ones
2210	  like Catalyst 24WC04/08/16 which has 9/10/11 bits of
2211	  address and the extra bits end up in the "chip address" bit
2212	  slots. This makes a 24WC08 (1Kbyte) chip look like four 256
2213	  byte chips.
2214
2215	  Note that we consider the length of the address field to
2216	  still be one byte because the extra address bits are hidden
2217	  in the chip address.
2218
2219	- CFG_EEPROM_SIZE:
2220	  The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
2221
2222
2223- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_DATAFLASH:
2224
2225	Define this if you have a DataFlash memory device which you
2226	want to use for the environment.
2227
2228	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2229	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2230	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2231
2232	  These three #defines specify the offset and size of the
2233	  environment area within the total memory of your DataFlash placed
2234	  at the specified address.
2235
2236- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:
2237
2238	Define this if you have a NAND device which you want to use
2239	for the environment.
2240
2241	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2242	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2243
2244	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the environment
2245	  area within the first NAND device.
2246
2247	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
2248
2249	  This setting describes a second storage area of CFG_ENV_SIZE
2250	  size used to hold a redundant copy of the environment data,
2251	  so that there is a valid backup copy in case there is a
2252	  power failure during a "saveenv" operation.
2253
2254	Note: CFG_ENV_OFFSET and CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND must be aligned
2255	to a block boundary, and CFG_ENV_SIZE must be a multiple of
2256	the NAND devices block size.
2257
2258- CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
2259
2260	Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
2261	area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
2262	is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
2263	scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
2264	calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
2265	to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
2266	start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
2267
2268Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
2269has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
2270created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
2271until then to read environment variables.
2272
2273The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
2274is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
2275with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
2276necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
2277"baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
2278have any device yet where we could complain.]
2279
2280Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
2281the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
2282use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
2283
2284- CFG_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
2285		Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
2286
2287		Note: If this option is active, then CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR
2288		      also needs to be defined.
2289
2290- CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
2291		MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
2292
2293- CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF:
2294		Makes vsprintf (and all *printf functions) support printing
2295		of 64bit values by using the L quantifier
2296
2297- CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL:
2298		Adds simple_strtoull that returns a 64bit value
2299
2300Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
2301---------------------------------------------------
2302
2303- CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
2304		Cache Line Size of the CPU.
2305
2306- CFG_DEFAULT_IMMR:
2307		Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
2308
2309		Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS, PQ2FADS-ZU,
2310		and RPXsuper) to be able to adjust the position of
2311		the IMMR register after a reset.
2312
2313- Floppy Disk Support:
2314		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
2315
2316		the default drive number (default value 0)
2317
2318		CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE
2319
2320		defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
2321		(default value 1)
2322
2323		CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET
2324
2325		defines the offset of register from address. It
2326		depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
2327		the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
2328
2329		If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
2330		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
2331		default value.
2332
2333		if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
2334		fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
2335		setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
2336		source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
2337		initializations.
2338
2339- CFG_IMMR:	Physical address of the Internal Memory.
2340		DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
2341		doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx/82xx systems only]
2342
2343- CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
2344
2345		Start address of memory area that can be used for
2346		initial data and stack; please note that this must be
2347		writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
2348		initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
2349		will become available only after programming the
2350		memory controller and running certain initialization
2351		sequences.
2352
2353		U-Boot uses the following memory types:
2354		- MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
2355		- MPC824X: data cache
2356		- PPC4xx:  data cache
2357
2358- CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
2359
2360		Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
2361		area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
2362		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
2363		data is located at the end of the available space
2364		(sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
2365		CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
2366		below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
2367		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
2368
2369	Note:
2370		On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
2371		cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
2372		CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
2373		point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
2374		the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
2375
2376- CFG_SIUMCR:	SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
2377
2378- CFG_SYPCR:	System Protection Control (11-9)
2379
2380- CFG_TBSCR:	Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
2381
2382- CFG_PISCR:	Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
2383
2384- CFG_PLPRCR:	PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
2385
2386- CFG_SCCR:	System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
2387
2388- CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
2389		SDRAM timing
2390
2391- CFG_MAMR_PTA:
2392		periodic timer for refresh
2393
2394- CFG_DER:	Debug Event Register (37-47)
2395
2396- FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
2397  CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
2398  CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
2399  CFG_BR1_PRELIM:
2400		Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
2401
2402- SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
2403  CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
2404  CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
2405		Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
2406
2407- CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
2408  CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
2409		Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
2410		Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
2411
2412- CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2413		enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2414		define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
2415
2416- CFG_SMC_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SMC_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2417		enable SMC microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2418		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SMC1]
2419
2420- CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2421		enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2422		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
2423
2424- CFG_USE_OSCCLK:
2425		Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
2426		wrong setting might damage your board. Read
2427		doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
2428
2429- CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
2430		Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
2431		(Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
2432		#define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
2433		cpm_8260.h.
2434
2435- CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_BUS, CFG_PICMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2436  CFG_PCI_MSTR0_LOCAL, CFG_PCIMSK0_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR1_LOCAL,
2437  CFG_PCIMSK1_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_BUS,
2438  CFG_CPU_PCI_MEM_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_SIZE, CFG_POCMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2439  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_BUS, CPU_PCI_MEMIO_START,
2440  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_SIZE, CFG_POCMR1_MASK_ATTRIB, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_LOCAL,
2441  CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_BUS, CFG_CPU_PCI_IO_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_SIZE,
2442  CFG_POCMR2_MASK_ATTRIB: (MPC826x only)
2443		Overrides the default PCI memory map in cpu/mpc8260/pci.c if set.
2444
2445- CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM
2446		Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common
2447		with pluggable memory modules such as SODIMMs
2448
2449  SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS
2450		I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
2451
2452- CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
2453		If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first
2454		one, specify here. Note that the value must resolve
2455		to something your driver can deal with.
2456
2457- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2458		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
2459		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2460
2461- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2462		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
2463		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2464
2465- CONFIG_ETHER_ON_FEC[12]
2466		Define to enable FEC[12] on a 8xx series processor.
2467
2468- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY
2469		Define to the hardcoded PHY address which corresponds
2470		to the given FEC; i. e.
2471			#define CONFIG_FEC1_PHY 4
2472		means that the PHY with address 4 is connected to FEC1
2473
2474		When set to -1, means to probe for first available.
2475
2476- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY_NORXERR
2477		The PHY does not have a RXERR line (RMII only).
2478		(so program the FEC to ignore it).
2479
2480- CONFIG_RMII
2481		Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
2482		Note that this is a global option, we can't
2483		have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
2484
2485- CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
2486		Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
2487		The syntax is:
2488
2489		=> crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
2490
2491		Where address/count indicate a memory area
2492		and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
2493		area should have.
2494
2495- CONFIG_LOOPW
2496		Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
2497		the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2498
2499- CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
2500		Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
2501		"md/mw" commands.
2502		Examples:
2503
2504		=> mdc.b 10 4 500
2505		This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
2506
2507		=> mwc.l 100 12345678 10
2508		This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
2509
2510		This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
2511		globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2512
2513- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
2514- CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
2515
2516		[ARM only] If these variables are defined, then
2517		certain low level initializations (like setting up
2518		the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does
2519		not relocate itself into RAM.
2520		Normally these variables MUST NOT be defined. The
2521		only exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by
2522		some other boot loader or by a debugger which
2523		performs these intializations itself.
2524
2525
2526Building the Software:
2527======================
2528
2529Building U-Boot has been tested in several native build environments
2530and in many different cross environments. Of course we cannot support
2531all possibly existing versions of cross development tools in all
2532(potentially obsolete) versions. In case of tool chain problems we
2533recommend to use the ELDK (see http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK)
2534which is extensively used to build and test U-Boot.
2535
2536If you are not using a native environment, it is assumed that you
2537have GNU cross compiling tools available in your path. In this case,
2538you must set the environment variable CROSS_COMPILE in your shell.
2539Note that no changes to the Makefile or any other source files are
2540necessary. For example using the ELDK on a 4xx CPU, please enter:
2541
2542	$ CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_4xx-
2543	$ export CROSS_COMPILE
2544
2545U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
2546sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
2547is done by typing:
2548
2549	make NAME_config
2550
2551where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing configu-
2552rations; see the main Makefile for supported names.
2553
2554Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
2555      additional information is available from the board vendor; for
2556      instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
2557      or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
2558      when chosing the configuration, i. e.
2559
2560      make TQM823L_config
2561	- will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
2562
2563      make TQM823L_LCD_config
2564	- will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
2565
2566      etc.
2567
2568
2569Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
2570images ready for download to / installation on your system:
2571
2572- "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
2573- "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
2574- "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
2575
2576By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
2577in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
2578this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
2579
25801. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
2581
2582	make O=/tmp/build distclean
2583	make O=/tmp/build NAME_config
2584	make O=/tmp/build all
2585
25862. Set environment variable BUILD_DIR to point to the desired location:
2587
2588	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2589	make distclean
2590	make NAME_config
2591	make all
2592
2593Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the BUILD_DIR environment
2594variable.
2595
2596
2597Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
2598for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
2599native "make".
2600
2601
2602If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
2603to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
2604steps:
2605
26061.  Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
2607    "Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing
2608    entries as examples. Note that here and at many other places
2609    boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please
2610    keep this order.
26112.  Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
2612    files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
2613    the "Makefile", a "<board>.c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".
26143.  Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
2615    your board
26163.  If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
2617    directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
26184.  Run "make <board>_config" with your new name.
26195.  Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
2620    to be installed on your target system.
26216.  Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
2622    [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
2623
2624
2625Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
2626==============================================================
2627
2628If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
2629or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
2630provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
2631the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
2632official or latest in the git repository) version of U-Boot sources.
2633
2634But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
2635cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
2636the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
2637just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
2638for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You can
2639select which (cross) compiler to use by passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
2640environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the ELDK cross tools
2641you can type
2642
2643	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2644
2645or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
2646
2647	CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
2648
2649When using the MAKEALL script, the default behaviour is to build
2650U-Boot in the source directory. This location can be changed by
2651setting the BUILD_DIR environment variable. Also, for each target
2652built, the MAKEALL script saves two log files (<target>.ERR and
2653<target>.MAKEALL) in the <source dir>/LOG directory. This default
2654location can be changed by setting the MAKEALL_LOGDIR environment
2655variable. For example:
2656
2657	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2658	export MAKEALL_LOGDIR=/tmp/log
2659	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2660
2661With the above settings build objects are saved in the /tmp/build,
2662log files are saved in the /tmp/log and the source tree remains clean
2663during the whole build process.
2664
2665
2666See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
2667
2668
2669Monitor Commands - Overview:
2670============================
2671
2672go	- start application at address 'addr'
2673run	- run commands in an environment variable
2674bootm	- boot application image from memory
2675bootp	- boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
2676tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
2677	       and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
2678	       (and eventually "gatewayip")
2679rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
2680diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd   - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
2681loads	- load S-Record file over serial line
2682loadb	- load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
2683md	- memory display
2684mm	- memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2685nm	- memory modify (constant address)
2686mw	- memory write (fill)
2687cp	- memory copy
2688cmp	- memory compare
2689crc32	- checksum calculation
2690imd	- i2c memory display
2691imm	- i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2692inm	- i2c memory modify (constant address)
2693imw	- i2c memory write (fill)
2694icrc32	- i2c checksum calculation
2695iprobe	- probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
2696iloop	- infinite loop on address range
2697isdram	- print SDRAM configuration information
2698sspi	- SPI utility commands
2699base	- print or set address offset
2700printenv- print environment variables
2701setenv	- set environment variables
2702saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
2703protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
2704erase	- erase FLASH memory
2705flinfo	- print FLASH memory information
2706bdinfo	- print Board Info structure
2707iminfo	- print header information for application image
2708coninfo - print console devices and informations
2709ide	- IDE sub-system
2710loop	- infinite loop on address range
2711loopw	- infinite write loop on address range
2712mtest	- simple RAM test
2713icache	- enable or disable instruction cache
2714dcache	- enable or disable data cache
2715reset	- Perform RESET of the CPU
2716echo	- echo args to console
2717version - print monitor version
2718help	- print online help
2719?	- alias for 'help'
2720
2721
2722Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
2723========================================
2724
2725TODO.
2726
2727For now: just type "help <command>".
2728
2729
2730Environment Variables:
2731======================
2732
2733U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
2734can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
2735
2736Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
2737"printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
2738without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
2739environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
2740working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
2741environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
2742
2743Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
2744
2745  baudrate	- see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
2746
2747  bootdelay	- see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
2748
2749  bootcmd	- see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
2750
2751  bootargs	- Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
2752
2753  bootfile	- Name of the image to load with TFTP
2754
2755  bootm_low	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
2756		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
2757		  a hexadecimal number and defines lowest address allowed
2758		  for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_size"
2759		  environment variable. Address defined by "bootm_low" is
2760		  also the base of the initial memory mapping for the Linux
2761		  kernel -- see the descripton of CFG_BOOTMAPSZ.
2762
2763  bootm_size	- Memory range available for image processing in the bootm
2764		  command can be restricted. This variable is given as
2765		  a hexadecimal number and defines the size of the region
2766		  allowed for use by the bootm command. See also "bootm_low"
2767		  environment variable.
2768
2769  autoload	- if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
2770		  "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
2771		  configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
2772		  load any image using TFTP
2773
2774  autoscript	- if set to "yes" commands like "loadb", "loady",
2775		  "bootp", "tftpb", "rarpboot" and "nfs" will attempt
2776		  to automatically run script images (by internally
2777		  calling "autoscript").
2778
2779  autoscript_uname - if script image is in a format (FIT) this
2780		     variable is used to get script subimage unit name.
2781
2782  autostart	- if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
2783		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
2784		  be automatically started (by internally calling
2785		  "bootm")
2786
2787		  If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
2788		  "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
2789		  (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
2790		  This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
2791		  data.
2792
2793  i2cfast	- (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
2794		  if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
2795		  mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
2796		  initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
2797		  it must be saved and board must be reset.
2798
2799  initrd_high	- restrict positioning of initrd images:
2800		  If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
2801		  copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
2802		  is usually what you want since it allows for
2803		  maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
2804		  make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
2805		  CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
2806		  variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
2807		  Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
2808		  address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
2809		  does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
2810
2811		  For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
2812		  RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
2813		  you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
2814		  the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
2815		  sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
2816		  12 MB as well - this can be done with
2817
2818		  setenv initrd_high 00c00000
2819
2820		  If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
2821		  indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
2822		  for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
2823		  memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
2824		  ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
2825		  boot time on your system, but requires that this
2826		  feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
2827
2828  ipaddr	- IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2829
2830  loadaddr	- Default load address for commands like "bootp",
2831		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
2832
2833  loads_echo	- see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
2834
2835  serverip	- TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2836
2837  bootretry	- see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
2838
2839  bootdelaykey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
2840
2841  bootstopkey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
2842
2843  ethprime	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2844		  interface is used first.
2845
2846  ethact	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2847		  interface is currently active. For example you
2848		  can do the following
2849
2850		  => setenv ethact FEC ETHERNET
2851		  => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC ETHERNET
2852		  => setenv ethact SCC ETHERNET
2853		  => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC ETHERNET
2854
2855  ethrotate	- When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
2856		  available network interfaces.
2857		  It just stays at the currently selected interface.
2858
2859   netretry	- When set to "no" each network operation will
2860		  either succeed or fail without retrying.
2861		  When set to "once" the network operation will
2862		  fail when all the available network interfaces
2863		  are tried once without success.
2864		  Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
2865		  themselves.
2866
2867  npe_ucode	- see CONFIG_IXP4XX_NPE_EXT_UCOD
2868		  if set load address for the npe microcode
2869
2870  tftpsrcport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
2871		  UDP source port.
2872
2873  tftpdstport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
2874		  destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
2875
2876   vlan		- When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
2877		  ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
2878		  VLAN tagged frames.
2879
2880The following environment variables may be used and automatically
2881updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
2882depending the information provided by your boot server:
2883
2884  bootfile	- see above
2885  dnsip		- IP address of your Domain Name Server
2886  dnsip2	- IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
2887  gatewayip	- IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
2888  hostname	- Target hostname
2889  ipaddr	- see above
2890  netmask	- Subnet Mask
2891  rootpath	- Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
2892  serverip	- see above
2893
2894
2895There are two special Environment Variables:
2896
2897  serial#	- contains hardware identification information such
2898		  as type string and/or serial number
2899  ethaddr	- Ethernet address
2900
2901These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
2902the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
2903once they have been set once.
2904
2905
2906Further special Environment Variables:
2907
2908  ver		- Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
2909		  with the "version" command. This variable is
2910		  readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
2911
2912
2913Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
2914only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
2915
2916
2917Command Line Parsing:
2918=====================
2919
2920There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
2921the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
2922
2923Old, simple command line parser:
2924--------------------------------
2925
2926- supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
2927- several commands on one line, separated by ';'
2928- variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
2929- special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
2930  for example:
2931	setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
2932- You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
2933	setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
2934
2935Hush shell:
2936-----------
2937
2938- similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
2939  if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
2940  until...do...done, ...
2941- supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
2942  commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
2943  "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
2944  command
2945
2946General rules:
2947--------------
2948
2949(1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
2950    command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
2951    one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
2952    executed anyway.
2953
2954(2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
2955    calling run with a list af variables as arguments), any failing
2956    command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
2957    variables are not executed.
2958
2959Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
2960=======================================
2961
2962Some boards come with redundant ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
2963such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
2964"working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
2965
2966Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
2967MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
2968"eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
2969
2970If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
2971in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
2972ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
2973variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
2974
2975o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
2976  environment, the SROM's address is used.
2977
2978o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
2979  environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
2980  used.
2981
2982o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
2983  both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
2984
2985o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
2986  addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
2987  warning is printed.
2988
2989o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2990  is raised.
2991
2992
2993Image Formats:
2994==============
2995
2996U-Boot is capable of booting (and performing other auxiliary operations on)
2997images in two formats:
2998
2999New uImage format (FIT)
3000-----------------------
3001
3002Flexible and powerful format based on Flattened Image Tree -- FIT (similar
3003to Flattened Device Tree). It allows the use of images with multiple
3004components (several kernels, ramdisks, etc.), with contents protected by
3005SHA1, MD5 or CRC32. More details are found in the doc/uImage.FIT directory.
3006
3007
3008Old uImage format
3009-----------------
3010
3011Old image format is based on binary files which can be basically anything,
3012preceded by a special header; see the definitions in include/image.h for
3013details; basically, the header defines the following image properties:
3014
3015* Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
3016  4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
3017  LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS;
3018  Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS).
3019* Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86,
3020  IA64, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
3021  Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC).
3022* Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
3023* Load Address
3024* Entry Point
3025* Image Name
3026* Image Timestamp
3027
3028The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
3029and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
3030CRC32 checksums.
3031
3032
3033Linux Support:
3034==============
3035
3036Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
3037easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
3038U-Boot.
3039
3040U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
3041special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
3042"initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
3043instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
3044serves several purposes:
3045
3046- the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
3047  applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
3048  Flash memory footprint)
3049
3050- it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
3051  lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
3052
3053- the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
3054  images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
3055  be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
3056  have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
3057  change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
3058  software is easier now.
3059
3060
3061Linux HOWTO:
3062============
3063
3064Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
3065---------------------------------------
3066
3067U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
3068configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
3069(no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
3070Linux :-).
3071
3072But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
3073
3074Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
3075include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
3076Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
3077sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
3078U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
3079
3080
3081Configuring the Linux kernel:
3082-----------------------------
3083
3084No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
3085device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
3086
3087
3088Building a Linux Image:
3089-----------------------
3090
3091With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
3092not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
3093"uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
3094U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
3095which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
3096100% compatible format.
3097
3098Example:
3099
3100	make TQM850L_config
3101	make oldconfig
3102	make dep
3103	make uImage
3104
3105The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
3106encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header	 information,
3107CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
3108
3109* build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
3110
3111* convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
3112
3113	${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
3114				 -R .note -R .comment \
3115				 -S vmlinux linux.bin
3116
3117* compress the binary image:
3118
3119	gzip -9 linux.bin
3120
3121* package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
3122
3123	mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
3124		-a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
3125		-d linux.bin.gz uImage
3126
3127
3128The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
3129with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
3130combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
3131byte header containing information about target architecture,
3132operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
3133stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
3134
3135"mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
3136print the header information, or to build new images.
3137
3138In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
3139contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
3140checksum verification:
3141
3142	tools/mkimage -l image
3143	  -l ==> list image header information
3144
3145The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
3146from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
3147
3148	tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
3149		      -n name -d data_file image
3150	  -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
3151	  -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
3152	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
3153	  -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
3154	  -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
3155	  -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
3156	  -n ==> set image name to 'name'
3157	  -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
3158
3159Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
3160address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
3161kernel version:
3162
3163- 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
3164- 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
3165
3166So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
3167
3168	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3169	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
3170	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
3171	> examples/uImage.TQM850L
3172	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3173	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3174	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3175	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3176	Load Address: 0x00000000
3177	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3178
3179To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
3180
3181	-> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
3182	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3183	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3184	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3185	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3186	Load Address: 0x00000000
3187	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3188
3189NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
3190speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
3191needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
3192need to be uncompressed:
3193
3194	-> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
3195	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3196	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
3197	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
3198	> examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
3199	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3200	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3201	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
3202	Data Size:    792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
3203	Load Address: 0x00000000
3204	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3205
3206
3207Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
3208when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
3209
3210	-> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
3211	> -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
3212	> -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
3213	Image Name:   Simple Ramdisk Image
3214	Created:      Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
3215	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3216	Data Size:    566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
3217	Load Address: 0x00000000
3218	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3219
3220
3221Installing a Linux Image:
3222-------------------------
3223
3224To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
3225you must convert the image to S-Record format:
3226
3227	objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
3228
3229The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
3230image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
3231address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
3232specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
3233command.
3234
3235Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
3236TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
3237
3238	=> erase 40100000 401FFFFF
3239
3240	.......... done
3241	Erased 8 sectors
3242
3243	=> loads 40100000
3244	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3245	~>examples/image.srec
3246	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
3247	...
3248	15989 15990 15991 15992
3249	[file transfer complete]
3250	[connected]
3251	## Start Addr = 0x00000000
3252
3253
3254You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
3255this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
3256corruption happened:
3257
3258	=> imi 40100000
3259
3260	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3261	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3262	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3263	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3264	   Load Address: 00000000
3265	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3266	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3267
3268
3269Boot Linux:
3270-----------
3271
3272The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
3273memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
3274of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
3275parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
3276"printenv" and "setenv" commands:
3277
3278
3279	=> printenv bootargs
3280	bootargs=root=/dev/ram
3281
3282	=> setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3283
3284	=> printenv bootargs
3285	bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3286
3287	=> bootm 40020000
3288	## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
3289	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
3290	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3291	   Data Size:	 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
3292	   Load Address: 00000000
3293	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3294	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3295	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3296	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
3297	Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3298	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3299	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3300	Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
3301	...
3302
3303If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
3304the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
3305format!) to the "bootm" command:
3306
3307	=> imi 40100000 40200000
3308
3309	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3310	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3311	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3312	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3313	   Load Address: 00000000
3314	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3315	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3316
3317	## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
3318	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3319	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3320	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3321	   Load Address: 00000000
3322	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3323	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3324
3325	=> bootm 40100000 40200000
3326	## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
3327	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3328	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3329	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3330	   Load Address: 00000000
3331	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3332	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3333	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3334	## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
3335	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3336	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3337	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3338	   Load Address: 00000000
3339	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3340	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3341	   Loading Ramdisk ... OK
3342	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
3343	Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
3344	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3345	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3346	...
3347	RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
3348	VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
3349
3350	bash#
3351
3352Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
3353-----------
3354
3355First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
3356titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
3357following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
3358flat device tree:
3359
3360=> print oftaddr
3361oftaddr=0x300000
3362=> print oft
3363oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
3364=> tftp $oftaddr $oft
3365Speed: 1000, full duplex
3366Using TSEC0 device
3367TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
3368Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
3369Load address: 0x300000
3370Loading: #
3371done
3372Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
3373=> tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
3374Speed: 1000, full duplex
3375Using TSEC0 device
3376TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
3377Filename 'uImage'.
3378Load address: 0x200000
3379Loading:############
3380done
3381Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
3382=> print loadaddr
3383loadaddr=200000
3384=> print oftaddr
3385oftaddr=0x300000
3386=> bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
3387## Booting image at 00200000 ...
3388   Image Name:	 Linux-2.6.17-dirty
3389   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3390   Data Size:	 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
3391   Load Address: 00000000
3392   Entry Point:	 00000000
3393   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3394   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3395Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
3396Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
3397Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
3398[snip]
3399
3400
3401More About U-Boot Image Types:
3402------------------------------
3403
3404U-Boot supports the following image types:
3405
3406   "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
3407	provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
3408	well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
3409	the Standalone Program.
3410   "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
3411	will take over control completely. Usually these programs
3412	will install their own set of exception handlers, device
3413	drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
3414	expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
3415   "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
3416	parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
3417	being started.
3418   "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
3419	(Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
3420	RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
3421	to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
3422	server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
3423	for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
3424
3425	"Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
3426	image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
3427	byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
3428	Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
3429	one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
3430	a multiple of 4 bytes).
3431
3432   "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
3433	U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
3434	flash memory.
3435
3436   "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
3437	U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
3438	useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
3439	as command interpreter.
3440
3441
3442Standalone HOWTO:
3443=================
3444
3445One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
3446run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
3447U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
3448
3449Two simple examples are included with the sources:
3450
3451"Hello World" Demo:
3452-------------------
3453
3454'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
3455application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
3456It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
3457like that:
3458
3459	=> loads
3460	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3461	~>examples/hello_world.srec
3462	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3463	[file transfer complete]
3464	[connected]
3465	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3466
3467	=> go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
3468	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3469	Hello World
3470	argc = 7
3471	argv[0] = "40004"
3472	argv[1] = "Hello"
3473	argv[2] = "World!"
3474	argv[3] = "This"
3475	argv[4] = "is"
3476	argv[5] = "a"
3477	argv[6] = "test."
3478	argv[7] = "<NULL>"
3479	Hit any key to exit ...
3480
3481	## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3482
3483Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
3484handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
3485Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
3486The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
3487character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
3488controlled by the following keys:
3489
3490	? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
3491	b - enable interrupts and start timer
3492	e - stop timer and disable interrupts
3493	q - quit application
3494
3495	=> loads
3496	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3497	~>examples/timer.srec
3498	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3499	[file transfer complete]
3500	[connected]
3501	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3502
3503	=> go 40004
3504	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3505	TIMERS=0xfff00980
3506	Using timer 1
3507	  tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
3508
3509Hit 'b':
3510	[q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
3511	Enabling timer
3512Hit '?':
3513	[q, b, e, ?] ........
3514	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
3515Hit '?':
3516	[q, b, e, ?] .
3517	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
3518Hit '?':
3519	[q, b, e, ?] .
3520	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
3521Hit '?':
3522	[q, b, e, ?] .
3523	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
3524Hit 'e':
3525	[q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
3526Hit 'q':
3527	[q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3528
3529
3530Minicom warning:
3531================
3532
3533Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
3534"minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
3535consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
3536Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
3537especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
3538use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).
3539
3540Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
3541configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
3542
3543	   Name	   Program			Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
3544	X  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s	 Y    U	   Y	   N	  N
3545	Y  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r	 N    D	   Y	   N	  N
3546
3547
3548NetBSD Notes:
3549=============
3550
3551Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
3552(build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
3553
3554Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
3555NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
3556need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
3557Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
3558attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
3559missing.  This file has to be installed and patched manually:
3560
3561	# cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
3562	# mkdir powerpc
3563	# ln -s powerpc machine
3564	# cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
3565	# ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h	## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
3566
3567Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
3568and U-Boot include files.
3569
3570Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
3571stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
3572proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
3573tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
3574meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
3575
3576
3577Implementation Internals:
3578=========================
3579
3580The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
3581implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
3582inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
3583hardware.
3584
3585
3586Initial Stack, Global Data:
3587---------------------------
3588
3589The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
3590starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
3591system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
3592This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
3593is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
3594at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
3595options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
3596models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
3597MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
3598locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
3599
3600	Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
3601	u-boot-users mailing list:
3602
3603	Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
3604	From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
3605	Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
3606	...
3607
3608	Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
3609	is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
3610	require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
3611	is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
3612	necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
3613	beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
3614	can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
3615	operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
3616
3617	OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
3618	is another option for the system designer to use as an
3619	initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
3620	option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
3621	board designers haven't used it for something that would
3622	cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
3623	used.
3624
3625	CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
3626	with your processor/board/system design. The default value
3627	you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
3628	walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
3629	than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
3630	it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
3631	that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
3632	start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
3633	you get the config right.
3634
3635	-Chris Hallinan
3636	DS4.COM, Inc.
3637
3638It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
3639code for the initialization procedures:
3640
3641* Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
3642  to write it.
3643
3644* Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
3645  as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
3646  zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
3647
3648* Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
3649  that.
3650
3651Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
3652normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
3653turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
3654simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
3655functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
3656functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
3657the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
3658place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
3659reserve for this purpose.
3660
3661When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
3662relevant  (E)ABI  specifications for the current architecture, and by
3663GCC's implementation.
3664
3665For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
3666	R1:	stack pointer
3667	R2:	reserved for system use
3668	R3-R4:	parameter passing and return values
3669	R5-R10: parameter passing
3670	R13:	small data area pointer
3671	R30:	GOT pointer
3672	R31:	frame pointer
3673
3674	(U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
3675
3676    ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
3677
3678    Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
3679    address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
3680    but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
3681    smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
3682    average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
3683    624 text + 127 data).
3684
3685On Blackfin, the normal C ABI (except for P5) is followed as documented here:
3686	http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=application_binary_interface
3687
3688    ==> U-Boot will use P5 to hold a pointer to the global data
3689
3690On ARM, the following registers are used:
3691
3692	R0:	function argument word/integer result
3693	R1-R3:	function argument word
3694	R9:	GOT pointer
3695	R10:	stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
3696	R11:	argument (frame) pointer
3697	R12:	temporary workspace
3698	R13:	stack pointer
3699	R14:	link register
3700	R15:	program counter
3701
3702    ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
3703
3704NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
3705or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
3706
3707Memory Management:
3708------------------
3709
3710U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
3711MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
3712
3713The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
3714controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
3715memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
3716physical memory banks.
3717
3718U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
3719TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
3720booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
3721to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
3722memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
3723configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
3724Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
3725
3726Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
3727of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
3728
3729So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
3730this:
3731
3732	0x0000 0000	Exception Vector code
3733	      :
3734	0x0000 1FFF
3735	0x0000 2000	Free for Application Use
3736	      :
3737	      :
3738
3739	      :
3740	      :
3741	0x00FB FF20	Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
3742	0x00FB FFAC	Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
3743	0x00FC 0000	Malloc Arena
3744	      :
3745	0x00FD FFFF
3746	0x00FE 0000	RAM Copy of Monitor Code
3747	...		eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
3748	...		eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
3749	0x00FF FFFF	[End of RAM]
3750
3751
3752System Initialization:
3753----------------------
3754
3755In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
3756(on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
3757configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
3758To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
3759To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
3760initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
3761which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
3762part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
3763the caches and the SIU.
3764
3765Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
3766preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
3767(multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
3768on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
3769programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
3770simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
3771banks.
3772
3773When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
3774different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
3775bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
37760x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
3777contiguous memory starting from 0.
3778
3779Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
3780and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
3781Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
3782pages, and the final stack is set up.
3783
3784Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
3785until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
3786running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
3787new address in RAM.
3788
3789
3790U-Boot Porting Guide:
3791----------------------
3792
3793[Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
3794list, October 2002]
3795
3796
3797int main (int argc, char *argv[])
3798{
3799	sighandler_t no_more_time;
3800
3801	signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
3802	alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
3803
3804	if (available_money > available_manpower) {
3805		pay consultant to port U-Boot;
3806		return 0;
3807	}
3808
3809	Download latest U-Boot source;
3810
3811	Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
3812
3813	if (clueless) {
3814		email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
3815	}
3816
3817	while (learning) {
3818		Read the README file in the top level directory;
3819		Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual ;
3820		Read the source, Luke;
3821	}
3822
3823	if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
3824		Buy a BDI2000;
3825	} else {
3826		Add a lot of aggravation and time;
3827	}
3828
3829	Create your own board support subdirectory;
3830
3831	Create your own board config file;
3832
3833	while (!running) {
3834		do {
3835			Add / modify source code;
3836		} until (compiles);
3837		Debug;
3838		if (clueless)
3839			email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
3840	}
3841	Send patch file to Wolfgang;
3842
3843	return 0;
3844}
3845
3846void no_more_time (int sig)
3847{
3848      hire_a_guru();
3849}
3850
3851
3852Coding Standards:
3853-----------------
3854
3855All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
3856coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script
3857"scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.  In sources
3858originating from U-Boot a style corresponding to "Lindent -pcs" (adding
3859spaces before parameters to function calls) is actually used.
3860
3861Source files originating from a different project (for example the
3862MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
3863reformated to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
3864sources.
3865
3866Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
3867Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
3868in your code.
3869
3870Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
3871- remove any trailing white space
3872- use TAB characters for indentation, not spaces
3873- make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
3874- do not add more than 2 empty lines to source files
3875- do not add trailing empty lines to source files
3876
3877Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
3878with a request to reformat the changes.
3879
3880
3881Submitting Patches:
3882-------------------
3883
3884Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
3885establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
3886may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
3887
3888Patches shall be sent to the u-boot-users mailing list.
3889
3890Please see http://www.denx.de/wiki/UBoot/Patches for details.
3891
3892When you send a patch, please include the following information with
3893it:
3894
3895* For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
3896  this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
3897  patch actually fixes something.
3898
3899* For new features: a description of the feature and your
3900  implementation.
3901
3902* A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
3903
3904* For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
3905
3906* When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
3907  board to the MAKEALL script, too.
3908
3909* If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
3910  document these in the README file.
3911
3912* The patch itself. If you are using git (which is *strongly*
3913  recommended) you can easily generate the patch using the
3914  "git-format-patch". If you then use "git-send-email" to send it to
3915  the U-Boot mailing list, you will avoid most of the common problems
3916  with some other mail clients.
3917
3918  If you cannot use git, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your version of
3919  diff does not support these options, then get the latest version of
3920  GNU diff.
3921
3922  The current directory when running this command shall be the parent
3923  directory of the U-Boot source tree (i. e. please make sure that
3924  your patch includes sufficient directory information for the
3925  affected files).
3926
3927  We prefer patches as plain text. MIME attachments are discouraged,
3928  and compressed attachments must not be used.
3929
3930* If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
3931  files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
3932
3933* Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
3934  submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
3935
3936
3937Notes:
3938
3939* Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
3940  source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
3941  for any of the boards.
3942
3943* Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
3944  containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
3945  returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
3946
3947* If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
3948  add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
3949  When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
3950  (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
3951  disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
3952  modification.
3953
3954* Remember that there is a size limit of 40 kB per message on the
3955  u-boot-users mailing list. Bigger patches will be moderated. If
3956  they are reasonable and not bigger than 100 kB, they will be
3957  acknowledged. Even bigger patches should be avoided.
3958