xref: /rk3399_rockchip-uboot/README (revision 2a2fa797e63b1e3cd4d570318ca5fbf8723ef53a)
1#
2# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2008
3# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
4#
5# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
6# project.
7#
8# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11# the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12#
13# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
16# GNU General Public License for more details.
17#
18# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
21# MA 02111-1307 USA
22#
23
24Summary:
25========
26
27This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
29processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
30initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
31code.
32
33The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
34the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
35header files in common, and special provision has been made to
36support booting of Linux images.
37
38Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
39configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
40implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
41add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
42code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
43load and run it dynamically.
44
45
46Status:
47=======
48
49In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
50Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
51"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
52
53In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
54who contributed the specific port. The MAINTAINERS file lists board
55maintainers.
56
57
58Where to get help:
59==================
60
61In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
62U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
63<u-boot-users@lists.sourceforge.net>. There is also an archive of
64previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
65before asking FAQ's. Please see
66http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
67
68
69Where to get source code:
70=========================
71
72The U-Boot source code is maintained in the git repository at
73git://www.denx.de/git/u-boot.git ; you can browse it online at
74http://www.denx.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
75
76The "snapshot" links on this page allow you to download tarballs of
77any version you might be interested in. Ofifcial releases are also
78available for FTP download from the ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
79directory.
80
81Pre-built (and tested) images are available from
82ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/images/
83
84
85Where we come from:
86===================
87
88- start from 8xxrom sources
89- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
90- clean up code
91- make it easier to add custom boards
92- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
93- extend functions, especially:
94  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
95  * S-Record download
96  * network boot
97  * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
98- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
99- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
100- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
101- current project page: see http://www.denx.de/wiki/UBoot
102
103
104Names and Spelling:
105===================
106
107The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
108"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
109in source files etc.). Example:
110
111	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
112
113File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
114
115	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
116
117	#include <asm/u-boot.h>
118
119Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
120the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
121
122	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
123	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start
124
125
126Versioning:
127===========
128
129U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
130sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
131sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
132
133The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
134between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
135U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
136
137
138Directory Hierarchy:
139====================
140
141- board		Board dependent files
142- common	Misc architecture independent functions
143- cpu		CPU specific files
144  - 74xx_7xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
145  - arm720t	Files specific to ARM 720 CPUs
146  - arm920t	Files specific to ARM 920 CPUs
147    - at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU
148    - imx	Files specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs
149    - s3c24x0	Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs
150  - arm925t	Files specific to ARM 925 CPUs
151  - arm926ejs	Files specific to ARM 926 CPUs
152  - arm1136	Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs
153  - at32ap	Files specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs
154  - i386	Files specific to i386 CPUs
155  - ixp		Files specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs
156  - leon3	Files specific to Gaisler LEON3 SPARC CPU
157  - mcf52x2	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs
158  - mcf5227x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5227x CPUs
159  - mcf532x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5329 CPUs
160  - mcf5445x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5445x CPUs
161  - mcf547x_8x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF547x_8x CPUs
162  - mips	Files specific to MIPS CPUs
163  - mpc5xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xx  CPUs
164  - mpc5xxx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs
165  - mpc8xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC8xx  CPUs
166  - mpc8220	Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs
167  - mpc824x	Files specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs
168  - mpc8260	Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs
169  - mpc85xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs
170  - nios	Files specific to Altera NIOS CPUs
171  - nios2	Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs
172  - ppc4xx	Files specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs
173  - pxa		Files specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs
174  - s3c44b0	Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs
175  - sa1100	Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs
176- disk		Code for disk drive partition handling
177- doc		Documentation (don't expect too much)
178- drivers	Commonly used device drivers
179- dtt		Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
180- examples	Example code for standalone applications, etc.
181- include	Header Files
182- lib_arm	Files generic to ARM	 architecture
183- lib_avr32	Files generic to AVR32	 architecture
184- lib_generic	Files generic to all	 architectures
185- lib_i386	Files generic to i386	 architecture
186- lib_m68k	Files generic to m68k	 architecture
187- lib_mips	Files generic to MIPS	 architecture
188- lib_nios	Files generic to NIOS	 architecture
189- lib_ppc	Files generic to PowerPC architecture
190- lib_sparc	Files generic to SPARC	 architecture
191- libfdt	Library files to support flattened device trees
192- net		Networking code
193- post		Power On Self Test
194- rtc		Real Time Clock drivers
195- tools		Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
196
197Software Configuration:
198=======================
199
200Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
201rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
202
203There are two classes of configuration variables:
204
205* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
206  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
207  "CONFIG_".
208
209* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
210  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
211  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
212  "CFG_".
213
214Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
215identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
216do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
217links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
218as an example here.
219
220
221Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
222---------------------------------------------------
223
224For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
225configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
226
227Example: For a TQM823L module type:
228
229	cd u-boot
230	make TQM823L_config
231
232For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
233e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
234directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
235
236
237Configuration Options:
238----------------------
239
240Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
241such information is kept in a configuration file
242"include/configs/<board_name>.h".
243
244Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
245"include/configs/TQM823L.h".
246
247
248Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
249kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
250build a config tool - later.
251
252
253The following options need to be configured:
254
255- CPU Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
256
257- Board Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
258
259- CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)
260		Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_ATSTK1002
261
262- CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
263		Define exactly one of
264		CONFIG_CMA286_60_OLD
265--- FIXME --- not tested yet:
266		CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
267		CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
268
269- Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
270		Define exactly one of
271		CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
272
273- Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
274		Define one or more of
275		CONFIG_CMA302
276
277- Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
278		Define one or more of
279		CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT	- update a character position on
280					  the lcd display every second with
281					  a "rotator" |\-/|\-/
282
283- Board flavour: (if CONFIG_MPC8260ADS is defined)
284		CONFIG_ADSTYPE
285		Possible values are:
286			CFG_8260ADS	- original MPC8260ADS
287			CFG_8266ADS	- MPC8266ADS
288			CFG_PQ2FADS	- PQ2FADS-ZU or PQ2FADS-VR
289			CFG_8272ADS	- MPC8272ADS
290
291- MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
292		Define exactly one of
293		CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
294
295- 8xx CPU Options: (if using an MPC8xx cpu)
296		CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ	- deprecated: CPU clock if
297					  get_gclk_freq() cannot work
298					  e.g. if there is no 32KHz
299					  reference PIT/RTC clock
300		CONFIG_8xx_OSCLK	- PLL input clock (either EXTCLK
301					  or XTAL/EXTAL)
302
303- 859/866/885 CPU options: (if using a MPC859 or MPC866 or MPC885 CPU):
304		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MIN
305		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MAX
306		CONFIG_8xx_CPUCLK_DEFAULT
307			See doc/README.MPC866
308
309		CFG_MEASURE_CPUCLK
310
311		Define this to measure the actual CPU clock instead
312		of relying on the correctness of the configured
313		values. Mostly useful for board bringup to make sure
314		the PLL is locked at the intended frequency. Note
315		that this requires a (stable) reference clock (32 kHz
316		RTC clock or CFG_8XX_XIN)
317
318- Intel Monahans options:
319		CFG_MONAHANS_RUN_MODE_OSC_RATIO
320
321		Defines the Monahans run mode to oscillator
322		ratio. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, 31. The core
323		frequency is this value multiplied by 13 MHz.
324
325		CFG_MONAHANS_TURBO_RUN_MODE_RATIO
326
327		Defines the Monahans turbo mode to oscillator
328		ratio. Valid values are 1 (default if undefined) and
329		2. The core frequency as calculated above is multiplied
330		by this value.
331
332- Linux Kernel Interface:
333		CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ
334
335		U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
336		internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
337		kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
338		bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
339		"clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
340		converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
341		Linux kernel.
342		When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
343		"clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
344		default environment.
345
346		CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES		[relevant for MIPS only]
347
348		When transfering memsize parameter to linux, some versions
349		expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
350		Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
351
352		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT / CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
353
354		New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
355		passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
356		concepts).
357
358		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
359		 * New libfdt-based support
360		 * Adds the "fdt" command
361		 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
362
363		CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
364		 * Deprecated, see CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
365		 * Original ft_build.c-based support
366		 * Automatically modifies the dft as part of the bootm command
367		 * The environment variable "disable_of", when set,
368		     disables this functionality.
369
370		OF_CPU - The proper name of the cpus node.
371		OF_SOC - The proper name of the soc node.
372		OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
373		OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
374
375		boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC mac addresses
376
377		CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
378
379		Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
380		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
381
382		CONFIG_OF_BOOT_CPU
383
384		This define fills in the correct boot cpu in the boot
385		param header, the default value is zero if undefined.
386
387- Serial Ports:
388		CFG_PL010_SERIAL
389
390		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
391
392		CFG_PL011_SERIAL
393
394		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
395
396		CONFIG_PL011_CLOCK
397
398		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
399		the clock speed of the UARTs.
400
401		CONFIG_PL01x_PORTS
402
403		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
404		define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
405		port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
406
407
408- Console Interface:
409		Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
410		(like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
411		CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
412		console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
413
414		Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
415		port routines must be defined elsewhere
416		(i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
417
418		CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE
419		Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
420		defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
421			VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN	graphic memory organisation
422						(default big endian)
423			VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL	graphic chip supports
424						rectangle fill
425						(cf. smiLynxEM)
426			VIDEO_HW_BITBLT		graphic chip supports
427						bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
428			VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS	visible pixel columns
429						(cols=pitch)
430			VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS	visible pixel rows
431			VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE	bytes per pixel
432			VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT	graphic data format
433						(0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
434			VIDEO_FB_ADRS		framebuffer address
435			VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT	keyboard int fct
436						(i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
437			VIDEO_TSTC_FCT		test char fct
438						(i.e. i8042_tstc)
439			VIDEO_GETC_FCT		get char fct
440						(i.e. i8042_getc)
441			CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR	cursor drawing on/off
442						(requires blink timer
443						cf. i8042.c)
444			CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
445			CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME	display time/date info in
446						upper right corner
447						(requires CONFIG_CMD_DATE)
448			CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO	display Linux logo in
449						upper left corner
450			CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO	use bmp_logo.h instead of
451						linux_logo.h for logo.
452						Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
453			CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
454						addional board info beside
455						the logo
456
457		When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
458		default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
459		environment 'console=serial'.
460
461		When CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE is defined, all console
462		messages (by U-Boot and Linux!) can be silenced with
463		the "silent" environment variable. See
464		doc/README.silent for more information.
465
466- Console Baudrate:
467		CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
468		Select one of the baudrates listed in
469		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
470		CFG_BRGCLK_PRESCALE, baudrate prescale
471
472- Interrupt driven serial port input:
473		CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
474
475		PPC405GP only.
476		Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
477		serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
478		(RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
479		bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
480
481		Leave undefined to disable this feature, including
482		disable the buffer and hardware handshake.
483
484- Console UART Number:
485		CONFIG_UART1_CONSOLE
486
487		AMCC PPC4xx only.
488		If defined internal UART1 (and not UART0) is used
489		as default U-Boot console.
490
491- Boot Delay:	CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
492		Delay before automatically booting the default image;
493		set to -1 to disable autoboot.
494
495		See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
496		work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
497		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
498		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
499		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
500		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
501		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
502		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
503		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
504		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
505		CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
506		CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
507
508- Autoboot Command:
509		CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
510		Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
511		define a command string that is automatically executed
512		when no character is read on the console interface
513		within "Boot Delay" after reset.
514
515		CONFIG_BOOTARGS
516		This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
517		command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
518		environment value "bootargs".
519
520		CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
521		The value of these goes into the environment as
522		"ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
523		as a convenience, when switching between booting from
524		ram and nfs.
525
526- Pre-Boot Commands:
527		CONFIG_PREBOOT
528
529		When this option is #defined, the existence of the
530		environment variable "preboot" will be checked
531		immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
532		countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
533		entering interactive mode.
534
535		This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
536		automatically generated or modified. For an example
537		see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
538		modified when the user holds down a certain
539		combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
540		booting the systems
541
542- Serial Download Echo Mode:
543		CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
544		If defined to 1, all characters received during a
545		serial download (using the "loads" command) are
546		echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
547		emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
548		time on others. This setting #define's the initial
549		value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
550
551- Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
552		CONFIG_KGDB_BAUDRATE
553		Select one of the baudrates listed in
554		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
555
556- Monitor Functions:
557		Monitor commands can be included or excluded
558		from the build by using the #include files
559		"config_cmd_all.h" and #undef'ing unwanted
560		commands, or using "config_cmd_default.h"
561		and augmenting with additional #define's
562		for wanted commands.
563
564		The default command configuration includes all commands
565		except those marked below with a "*".
566
567		CONFIG_CMD_ASKENV	* ask for env variable
568		CONFIG_CMD_AUTOSCRIPT	  Autoscript Support
569		CONFIG_CMD_BDI		  bdinfo
570		CONFIG_CMD_BEDBUG	* Include BedBug Debugger
571		CONFIG_CMD_BMP		* BMP support
572		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board specific commands
573		CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD	  bootd
574		CONFIG_CMD_CACHE	* icache, dcache
575		CONFIG_CMD_CONSOLE	  coninfo
576		CONFIG_CMD_DATE		* support for RTC, date/time...
577		CONFIG_CMD_DHCP		* DHCP support
578		CONFIG_CMD_DIAG		* Diagnostics
579		CONFIG_CMD_DOC		* Disk-On-Chip Support
580		CONFIG_CMD_DTT		* Digital Therm and Thermostat
581		CONFIG_CMD_ECHO		  echo arguments
582		CONFIG_CMD_EEPROM	* EEPROM read/write support
583		CONFIG_CMD_ELF		* bootelf, bootvx
584		CONFIG_CMD_ENV		  saveenv
585		CONFIG_CMD_FDC		* Floppy Disk Support
586		CONFIG_CMD_FAT		* FAT partition support
587		CONFIG_CMD_FDOS		* Dos diskette Support
588		CONFIG_CMD_FLASH	  flinfo, erase, protect
589		CONFIG_CMD_FPGA		  FPGA device initialization support
590		CONFIG_CMD_HWFLOW	* RTS/CTS hw flow control
591		CONFIG_CMD_I2C		* I2C serial bus support
592		CONFIG_CMD_IDE		* IDE harddisk support
593		CONFIG_CMD_IMI		  iminfo
594		CONFIG_CMD_IMLS		  List all found images
595		CONFIG_CMD_IMMAP	* IMMR dump support
596		CONFIG_CMD_IRQ		* irqinfo
597		CONFIG_CMD_ITEST	  Integer/string test of 2 values
598		CONFIG_CMD_JFFS2	* JFFS2 Support
599		CONFIG_CMD_KGDB		* kgdb
600		CONFIG_CMD_LOADB	  loadb
601		CONFIG_CMD_LOADS	  loads
602		CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY	  md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
603					  loop, loopw, mtest
604		CONFIG_CMD_MISC		  Misc functions like sleep etc
605		CONFIG_CMD_MMC		* MMC memory mapped support
606		CONFIG_CMD_MII		* MII utility commands
607		CONFIG_CMD_NAND		* NAND support
608		CONFIG_CMD_NET		  bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
609		CONFIG_CMD_PCI		* pciinfo
610		CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA		* PCMCIA support
611		CONFIG_CMD_PING		* send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network
612					  host
613		CONFIG_CMD_PORTIO	* Port I/O
614		CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO	* Register dump
615		CONFIG_CMD_RUN		  run command in env variable
616		CONFIG_CMD_SAVES	* save S record dump
617		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI		* SCSI Support
618		CONFIG_CMD_SDRAM	* print SDRAM configuration information
619					  (requires CONFIG_CMD_I2C)
620		CONFIG_CMD_SETGETDCR	  Support for DCR Register access
621					  (4xx only)
622		CONFIG_CMD_SPI		* SPI serial bus support
623		CONFIG_CMD_USB		* USB support
624		CONFIG_CMD_VFD		* VFD support (TRAB)
625		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board SPecific functions
626		CONFIG_CMD_CDP		* Cisco Discover Protocol support
627		CONFIG_CMD_FSL		* Microblaze FSL support
628
629
630		EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
631		support you can write:
632
633		#include "config_cmd_all.h"
634		#undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
635
636	Other Commands:
637		fdt (flattened device tree) command: CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
638
639	Note:	Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
640		(configuration option CONFIG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
641		what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
642		cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
643		8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
644		uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
645		systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
646		initial stack and some data.
647
648
649		XXX - this list needs to get updated!
650
651- Watchdog:
652		CONFIG_WATCHDOG
653		If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
654		support. There must be support in the platform specific
655		code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
656		SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
657		register.
658
659- U-Boot Version:
660		CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE
661		If this variable is defined, an environment variable
662		named "ver" is created by U-Boot showing the U-Boot
663		version as printed by the "version" command.
664		This variable is readonly.
665
666- Real-Time Clock:
667
668		When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
669		has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
670		following options:
671
672		CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx	- use internal RTC of MPC8xx
673		CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563	- use Philips PCF8563 RTC
674		CONFIG_RTC_MC146818	- use MC146818 RTC
675		CONFIG_RTC_DS1307	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
676		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
677		CONFIG_RTC_DS1338	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
678		CONFIG_RTC_DS164x	- use Dallas DS164x RTC
679		CONFIG_RTC_ISL1208	- use Intersil ISL1208 RTC
680		CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900	- use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
681		CFG_RTC_DS1337_NOOSC	- Turn off the OSC output for DS1337
682
683		Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
684		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
685
686- Timestamp Support:
687
688		When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
689		(date and time) of an image is printed by image
690		commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
691		automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
692
693- Partition Support:
694		CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
695		and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
696
697		If IDE or SCSI support is enabled (CONFIG_CMD_IDE or
698		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at
699		least one partition type as well.
700
701- IDE Reset method:
702		CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
703		board configurations files but used nowhere!
704
705		CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
706		be performed by calling the function
707			ide_set_reset(int reset)
708		which has to be defined in a board specific file
709
710- ATAPI Support:
711		CONFIG_ATAPI
712
713		Set this to enable ATAPI support.
714
715- LBA48 Support
716		CONFIG_LBA48
717
718		Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
719		Also look at CFG_64BIT_LBA ,CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF and CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL
720		Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
721		support disks up to 2.1TB.
722
723		CFG_64BIT_LBA:
724			When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
725			Default is 32bit.
726
727- SCSI Support:
728		At the moment only there is only support for the
729		SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
730		CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
731
732		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
733		CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
734		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
735		maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
736		devices.
737		CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
738
739- NETWORK Support (PCI):
740		CONFIG_E1000
741		Support for Intel 8254x gigabit chips.
742
743		CONFIG_E1000_FALLBACK_MAC
744		default MAC for empty eeprom after production.
745
746		CONFIG_EEPRO100
747		Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
748		Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
749		write routine for first time initialisation.
750
751		CONFIG_TULIP
752		Support for Digital 2114x chips.
753		Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
754		modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
755
756		CONFIG_NATSEMI
757		Support for National dp83815 chips.
758
759		CONFIG_NS8382X
760		Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
761
762- NETWORK Support (other):
763
764		CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96
765		Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
766
767			CONFIG_LAN91C96_BASE
768			Define this to hold the physical address
769			of the LAN91C96's I/O space
770
771			CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
772			Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
773
774		CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111
775		Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
776
777			CONFIG_SMC91111_BASE
778			Define this to hold the physical address
779			of the device (I/O space)
780
781			CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
782			Define this if data bus is 32 bits
783
784			CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
785			Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
786			(some hardware wont work with macros)
787
788- USB Support:
789		At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
790		supported (PIP405, MIP405, MPC5200); define
791		CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
792		define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
793		and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
794		storage devices.
795		Note:
796		Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
797		(TEAC FD-05PUB).
798		MPC5200 USB requires additional defines:
799			CONFIG_USB_CLOCK
800				for 528 MHz Clock: 0x0001bbbb
801			CONFIG_USB_CONFIG
802				for differential drivers: 0x00001000
803				for single ended drivers: 0x00005000
804			CFG_USB_EVENT_POLL
805				May be defined to allow interrupt polling
806				instead of using asynchronous interrupts
807
808- USB Device:
809		Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
810		Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
811		command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
812		attach your usb cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
813		it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
814		can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
815		appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
816		Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
817		If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
818		a Linux host by
819		# modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
820		else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
821		variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
822		might be defined in YourBoardName.h
823
824			CONFIG_USB_DEVICE
825			Define this to build a UDC device
826
827			CONFIG_USB_TTY
828			Define this to have a tty type of device available to
829			talk to the UDC device
830
831			CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
832			Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
833			be set to usbtty.
834
835			mpc8xx:
836				CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0xBLAH
837				Derive USB clock from external clock "blah"
838				- CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0x02
839
840				CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0xBLAH
841				Derive USB clock from brgclk
842				- CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0x04
843
844		If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
845		define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
846		or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
847		CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
848		CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
849		should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
850
851			CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
852			Define this string as the name of your company for
853			- CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
854
855			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
856			Define this string as the name of your product
857			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
858
859			CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID
860			Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
861			Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
862			to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
863			- CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
864
865			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
866			Define this as the unique Product ID
867			for your device
868			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
869
870
871- MMC Support:
872		The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
873		enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
874		accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
875		to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
876		enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
877		the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
878
879- Journaling Flash filesystem support:
880		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_OFF, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_SIZE,
881		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_DEV
882		Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
883
884		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
885		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CFG_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
886		Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
887
888		CFG_JFFS_CUSTOM_PART
889		Define this to create an own partition. You have to provide a
890		function struct part_info* jffs2_part_info(int part_num)
891
892		If you define only one JFFS2 partition you may also want to
893		#define CFG_JFFS_SINGLE_PART	1
894		to disable the command chpart. This is the default when you
895		have not defined a custom partition
896
897- Keyboard Support:
898		CONFIG_ISA_KEYBOARD
899
900		Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
901		support
902
903		CONFIG_I8042_KBD
904		Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
905		GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
906		Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
907		for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
908
909- Video support:
910		CONFIG_VIDEO
911
912		Define this to enable video support (for output to
913		video).
914
915		CONFIG_VIDEO_CT69000
916
917		Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
918
919		CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
920		Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip. The
921		video output is selected via environment 'videoout'
922		(1 = LCD and 2 = CRT). If videoout is undefined, CRT is
923		assumed.
924
925		For the CT69000 and SMI_LYNXEM drivers, videomode is
926		selected via environment 'videomode'. Two diferent ways
927		are possible:
928		- "videomode=num"   'num' is a standard LiLo mode numbers.
929		Following standard modes are supported	(* is default):
930
931		      Colors	640x480 800x600 1024x768 1152x864 1280x1024
932		-------------+---------------------------------------------
933		      8 bits |	0x301*	0x303	 0x305	  0x161	    0x307
934		     15 bits |	0x310	0x313	 0x316	  0x162	    0x319
935		     16 bits |	0x311	0x314	 0x317	  0x163	    0x31A
936		     24 bits |	0x312	0x315	 0x318	    ?	    0x31B
937		-------------+---------------------------------------------
938		(i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
939
940		- "videomode=bootargs" all the video parameters are parsed
941		from the bootargs. (See drivers/video/videomodes.c)
942
943
944		CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
945		Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
946		and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
947		or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
948
949- Keyboard Support:
950		CONFIG_KEYBOARD
951
952		Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
953		This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
954		defined in your board-specific files.
955		The only board using this so far is RBC823.
956
957- LCD Support:	CONFIG_LCD
958
959		Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
960		display); also select one of the supported displays
961		by defining one of these:
962
963		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
964
965			NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
966
967		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
968
969			NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
970			Active, color, single scan.
971
972		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
973
974			NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
975			Active, color, single scan.
976
977		CONFIG_SHARP_16x9
978
979			Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
980			It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
981
982		CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
983
984			Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
985			Active, color, single scan.
986
987		CONFIG_HLD1045
988
989			HLD1045 display, 640x480.
990			Active, color, single scan.
991
992		CONFIG_OPTREX_BW
993
994			Optrex	 CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
995			or
996			Hitachi	 LMG6912RPFC-00T
997			or
998			Hitachi	 SP14Q002
999
1000			320x240. Black & white.
1001
1002		Normally display is black on white background; define
1003		CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
1004
1005- Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
1006
1007		If this option is set, the environment is checked for
1008		a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
1009		of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
1010		is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
1011		specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1012		console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1013		allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1014		loaded very quickly after power-on.
1015
1016- Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1017
1018		If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1019		images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1020		splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1021
1022- Compression support:
1023		CONFIG_BZIP2
1024
1025		If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1026		images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1027		compressed images are supported.
1028
1029		NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1030		the malloc area (as defined by CFG_MALLOC_LEN) should
1031		be at least 4MB.
1032
1033- MII/PHY support:
1034		CONFIG_PHY_ADDR
1035
1036		The address of PHY on MII bus.
1037
1038		CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1039
1040		The clock frequency of the MII bus
1041
1042		CONFIG_PHY_GIGE
1043
1044		If this option is set, support for speed/duplex
1045		detection of Gigabit PHY is included.
1046
1047		CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1048
1049		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1050		reset before any MII register access is possible.
1051		For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1052		required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1053
1054		CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1055
1056		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1057		command issued before MII status register can be read
1058
1059- Ethernet address:
1060		CONFIG_ETHADDR
1061		CONFIG_ETH2ADDR
1062		CONFIG_ETH3ADDR
1063
1064		Define a default value for ethernet address to use
1065		for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
1066		is not determined automatically.
1067
1068- IP address:
1069		CONFIG_IPADDR
1070
1071		Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1072		the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
1073		determined through e.g. bootp.
1074
1075- Server IP address:
1076		CONFIG_SERVERIP
1077
1078		Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
1079		server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1080
1081- Multicast TFTP Mode:
1082		CONFIG_MCAST_TFTP
1083
1084		Defines whether you want to support multicast TFTP as per
1085		rfc-2090; for example to work with atftp.  Lets lots of targets
1086		tftp down the same boot image concurrently.  Note: the ethernet
1087		driver in use must provide a function: mcast() to join/leave a
1088		multicast group.
1089
1090		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1091- BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1092		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1093
1094		If you have many targets in a network that try to
1095		boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1096		systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1097		moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1098		from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1099		boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1100		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1101		inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1102		following delays are inserted then:
1103
1104		1st BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 1 sec
1105		2nd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 2 sec
1106		3rd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 4 sec
1107		4th and following
1108		BOOTP requests:		delay 0 ... 8 sec
1109
1110- DHCP Advanced Options:
1111		You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1112		CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1113
1114		CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
1115		CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
1116		CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
1117		CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1118		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
1119		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1120		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1121		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2
1122		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1123		CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1124		CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1125		CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1126
1127		CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1128		environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1129
1130		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 - If a DHCP client requests the DNS
1131		serverip from a DHCP server, it is possible that more
1132		than one DNS serverip is offered to the client.
1133		If CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 is enabled, the secondary DNS
1134		serverip will be stored in the additional environment
1135		variable "dnsip2". The first DNS serverip is always
1136		stored in the variable "dnsip", when CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1137		is defined.
1138
1139		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1140		to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1141		need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1142		If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1143		of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1144		option 12 to the DHCP server.
1145
1146		CONFIG_BOOTP_DHCP_REQUEST_DELAY
1147
1148		A 32bit value in microseconds for a delay between
1149		receiving a "DHCP Offer" and sending the "DHCP Request".
1150		This fixes a problem with certain DHCP servers that don't
1151		respond 100% of the time to a "DHCP request". E.g. On an
1152		AT91RM9200 processor running at 180MHz, this delay needed
1153		to be *at least* 15,000 usec before a Windows Server 2003
1154		DHCP server would reply 100% of the time. I recommend at
1155		least 50,000 usec to be safe. The alternative is to hope
1156		that one of the retries will be successful but note that
1157		the DHCP timeout and retry process takes a longer than
1158		this delay.
1159
1160 - CDP Options:
1161		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1162
1163		The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1164
1165		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1166
1167		A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1168		of the device.
1169
1170		CONFIG_CDP_PORT_ID
1171
1172		A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1173		the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1174		eth0 for the first ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1175
1176		CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1177
1178		A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1179		0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1180
1181		CONFIG_CDP_VERSION
1182
1183		An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1184
1185		CONFIG_CDP_PLATFORM
1186
1187		An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1188
1189		CONFIG_CDP_TRIGGER
1190
1191		A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1192
1193		CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1194
1195		A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1196		device in .1 of milliwatts.
1197
1198		CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1199
1200		A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1201
1202- Status LED:	CONFIG_STATUS_LED
1203
1204		Several configurations allow to display the current
1205		status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1206		fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1207		soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1208		start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1209		(supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1210		kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
1211		feature in U-Boot.
1212
1213- CAN Support:	CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
1214
1215		Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
1216		on those systems that support this (optional)
1217		feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
1218
1219- I2C Support:	CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
1220
1221		These enable I2C serial bus commands. Defining either of
1222		(but not both of) CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C will
1223		include the appropriate I2C driver for the selected cpu.
1224
1225		This will allow you to use i2c commands at the u-boot
1226		command line (as long as you set CONFIG_CMD_I2C in
1227		CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c based realtime
1228		clock chips. See common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
1229		command line interface.
1230
1231		CONFIG_I2C_CMD_TREE is a recommended option that places
1232		all I2C commands under a single 'i2c' root command.  The
1233		older 'imm', 'imd', 'iprobe' etc. commands are considered
1234		deprecated and may disappear in the future.
1235
1236		CONFIG_HARD_I2C selects a hardware I2C controller.
1237
1238		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C configures u-boot to use a software (aka
1239		bit-banging) driver instead of CPM or similar hardware
1240		support for I2C.
1241
1242		There are several other quantities that must also be
1243		defined when you define CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C.
1244
1245		In both cases you will need to define CFG_I2C_SPEED
1246		to be the frequency (in Hz) at which you wish your i2c bus
1247		to run and CFG_I2C_SLAVE to be the address of this node (ie
1248		the cpu's i2c node address).
1249
1250		Now, the u-boot i2c code for the mpc8xx (cpu/mpc8xx/i2c.c)
1251		sets the cpu up as a master node and so its address should
1252		therefore be cleared to 0 (See, eg, MPC823e User's Manual
1253		p.16-473). So, set CFG_I2C_SLAVE to 0.
1254
1255		That's all that's required for CONFIG_HARD_I2C.
1256
1257		If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
1258		then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1259		from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1260
1261		I2C_INIT
1262
1263		(Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1264		controller or configure ports.
1265
1266		eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=	PB_SCL)
1267
1268		I2C_PORT
1269
1270		(Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
1271		assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
1272		are 0..3 for ports A..D.
1273
1274		I2C_ACTIVE
1275
1276		The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1277		(driven).  If the data line is open collector, this
1278		define can be null.
1279
1280		eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=  PB_SDA)
1281
1282		I2C_TRISTATE
1283
1284		The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1285		(inactive).  If the data line is open collector, this
1286		define can be null.
1287
1288		eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1289
1290		I2C_READ
1291
1292		Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
1293		FALSE if it is low.
1294
1295		eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1296
1297		I2C_SDA(bit)
1298
1299		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1300		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1301
1302		eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1303			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SDA; \
1304			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1305
1306		I2C_SCL(bit)
1307
1308		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1309		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1310
1311		eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1312			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SCL; \
1313			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1314
1315		I2C_DELAY
1316
1317		This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1318		controls the rate of data transfer.  The data rate thus
1319		is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1320		like:
1321
1322		#define I2C_DELAY  udelay(2)
1323
1324		CFG_I2C_INIT_BOARD
1325
1326		When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1327		chips might think that the current transfer is still
1328		in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1329		the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1330		processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1331		connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1332		custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1333		is run early in the boot sequence.
1334
1335		CONFIG_I2CFAST (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
1336
1337		This option enables configuration of bi_iic_fast[] flags
1338		in u-boot bd_info structure based on u-boot environment
1339		variable "i2cfast". (see also i2cfast)
1340
1341		CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1342
1343		This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1344		must have a controller.  At any point in time, only one bus is
1345		active.  To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1346		Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1347
1348		CFG_I2C_NOPROBES
1349
1350		This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1351		when the 'i2c probe' command is issued (or 'iprobe' using the legacy
1352		command).  If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS is set, specify a list of bus-device
1353		pairs.	Otherwise, specify a 1D array of device addresses
1354
1355		e.g.
1356			#undef	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1357			#define CFG_I2C_NOPROBES	{0x50,0x68}
1358
1359		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1360
1361			#define	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1362			#define CFG_I2C_MULTI_NOPROBES	{{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1363
1364		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1365
1366		CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
1367
1368		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1369		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1370
1371		CFG_RTC_BUS_NUM
1372
1373		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1374		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1375
1376		CFG_DTT_BUS_NUM
1377
1378		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the DTT.
1379		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that DTT is on I2C bus 0.
1380
1381		CONFIG_FSL_I2C
1382
1383		Define this option if you want to use Freescale's I2C driver in
1384		drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c.
1385
1386
1387- SPI Support:	CONFIG_SPI
1388
1389		Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1390		SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1391		D/As on the SACSng board)
1392
1393		CONFIG_SPI_X
1394
1395		Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
1396		(symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
1397
1398		CONFIG_SOFT_SPI
1399
1400		Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1401		using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1402		driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1403		(two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1404		defined, the board configuration must define several
1405		SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1406		an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1407
1408		CONFIG_HARD_SPI
1409
1410		Enables a hardware SPI driver for general-purpose reads
1411		and writes.  As with CONFIG_SOFT_SPI, the board configuration
1412		must define a list of chip-select function pointers.
1413		Currently supported on some MPC8xxx processors.  For an
1414		example, see include/configs/mpc8349emds.h.
1415
1416- FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1417
1418		Enables FPGA subsystem.
1419
1420		CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1421
1422		Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1423		(ALTERA, XILINX)
1424
1425		CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1426
1427		Enables support for FPGA family.
1428		(SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1429
1430		CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1431
1432		Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1433
1434		CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1435
1436		Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1437
1438		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_BUSY
1439
1440		Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1441		status by the configuration function. This option
1442		will require a board or device specific function to
1443		be written.
1444
1445		CONFIG_FPGA_DELAY
1446
1447		If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1448		configuration driver.
1449
1450		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1451		Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1452
1453		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1454
1455		Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1456		loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1457		configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1458		indicated a CRC error).
1459
1460		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_INIT
1461
1462		Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1463		after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1464		FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1465		mS.
1466
1467		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_BUSY
1468
1469		Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1470		Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1471
1472		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1473
1474		Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1475		200 mS.
1476
1477- Configuration Management:
1478		CONFIG_IDENT_STRING
1479
1480		If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1481		version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1482
1483- Vendor Parameter Protection:
1484
1485		U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1486		variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1487		"ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
1488		are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1489		protects these variables from casual modification by
1490		the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1491		and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1492		change this behviour:
1493
1494		If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1495		file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1496		completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1497		these parameters.
1498
1499		Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1500		_and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1501		ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1502		which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1503		serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1504		read-only.]
1505
1506- Protected RAM:
1507		CONFIG_PRAM
1508
1509		Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1510		"protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1511		by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1512		kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1513		this default value by defining an environment
1514		variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1515		reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1516		still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1517		reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1518		automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1519		remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1520		argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1521
1522			setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
1523			saveenv
1524
1525		This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1526		either, which results in a memory region that will
1527		not be affected by reboots.
1528
1529		*WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1530		detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1531		this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1532		following board configurations are known to be
1533		"pRAM-clean":
1534
1535			ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1536			HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1537			PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1538
1539- Error Recovery:
1540		CONFIG_PANIC_HANG
1541
1542		Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1543		fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1544		This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1545		system where you want to system to reboot
1546		automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1547		useful during development since you can try to debug
1548		the conditions that lead to the situation.
1549
1550		CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1551
1552		This variable defines the number of retries for
1553		network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1554		before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1555		default value of 5 is used.
1556
1557- Command Interpreter:
1558		CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
1559
1560		Enable auto completion of commands using TAB.
1561
1562		Note that this feature has NOT been implemented yet
1563		for the "hush" shell.
1564
1565
1566		CFG_HUSH_PARSER
1567
1568		Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1569		Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1570		powerful command line syntax like
1571		if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1572		constructs ("shell scripts").
1573
1574		If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1575		with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1576
1577
1578		CFG_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2
1579
1580		This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1581		printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1582		to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1583
1584	Note:
1585
1586		In the current implementation, the local variables
1587		space and global environment variables space are
1588		separated. Local variables are those you define by
1589		simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
1590		variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1591		`${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
1592		directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
1593
1594		Global environment variables are those you use
1595		setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1596		in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1597		and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1598
1599		To store commands and special characters in a
1600		variable, please use double quotation marks
1601		surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1602		of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1603		symbols.
1604
1605- Commandline Editing and History:
1606		CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
1607
1608		Enable editiong and History functions for interactive
1609		commandline input operations
1610
1611- Default Environment:
1612		CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1613
1614		Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1615		strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1616		the default environment compiled into the boot image.
1617
1618		For example, place something like this in your
1619		board's config file:
1620
1621		#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1622			"myvar1=value1\0" \
1623			"myvar2=value2\0"
1624
1625		Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1626		internal format how the environment is stored by the
1627		U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1628		interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1629		will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
1630		You better know what you are doing here.
1631
1632		Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1633		discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1634		the environment like the autoscript function or the
1635		boot command first.
1636
1637- DataFlash Support:
1638		CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
1639
1640		Defining this option enables DataFlash features and
1641		allows to read/write in Dataflash via the standard
1642		commands cp, md...
1643
1644- SystemACE Support:
1645		CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1646
1647		Adding this option adds support for Xilinx SystemACE
1648		chips attached via some sort of local bus. The address
1649		of the chip must alsh be defined in the
1650		CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE macro. For example:
1651
1652		#define CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1653		#define CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE 0xf0000000
1654
1655		When SystemACE support is added, the "ace" device type
1656		becomes available to the fat commands, i.e. fatls.
1657
1658- TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
1659		CONFIG_TFTP_PORT
1660
1661		If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
1662		is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
1663		If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
1664		number generator is used.
1665
1666		Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
1667		the TFTP UDP destination port value.  If tftpdstp isn't
1668		defined, the normal port 69 is used.
1669
1670		The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
1671		blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
1672		target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
1673		"punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
1674		the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
1675		A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
1676		but sometimes that is not allowed.
1677
1678- Show boot progress:
1679		CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1680
1681		Defining this option allows to add some board-
1682		specific code (calling a user-provided function
1683		"show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1684		the system's boot progress on some display (for
1685		example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1686		the following checkpoints are implemented:
1687
1688Legacy uImage format:
1689
1690  Arg	Where			When
1691    1	common/cmd_bootm.c	before attempting to boot an image
1692   -1	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 magic number
1693    2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct magic number
1694   -2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1695    3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct checksum
1696   -3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has bad	 checksum
1697    4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has correct checksum
1698   -4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image is for unsupported architecture
1699    5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1700   -5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi)
1701    6	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image Type check OK
1702   -6	common/cmd_bootm.c	gunzip uncompression error
1703   -7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unimplemented compression type
1704    7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Uncompression OK
1705    8	common/cmd_bootm.c	No uncompress/copy overwrite error
1706   -9	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1707
1708    9	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1709  -10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   magic number
1710  -11	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   checksum
1711   10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header is OK
1712  -12	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has bad	   checksum
1713   11	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has correct checksum
1714   12	common/image.c		Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1715  -13	common/image.c		Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1716   13	common/image.c		Start multifile image verification
1717   14	common/image.c		No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1718
1719   15	lib_<arch>/bootm.c	All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1720
1721  -30	lib_ppc/board.c		Fatal error, hang the system
1722  -31	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
1723  -32	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
1724
1725   34	common/cmd_doc.c	before loading a Image from a DOC device
1726  -35	common/cmd_doc.c	Bad usage of "doc" command
1727   35	common/cmd_doc.c	correct usage of "doc" command
1728  -36	common/cmd_doc.c	No boot device
1729   36	common/cmd_doc.c	correct boot device
1730  -37	common/cmd_doc.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1731   37	common/cmd_doc.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1732  -38	common/cmd_doc.c	Read Error on boot device
1733   38	common/cmd_doc.c	reading Image header from DOC device OK
1734  -39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has bad magic number
1735   39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1736  -40	common/cmd_doc.c	Error reading Image from DOC device
1737   40	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1738   41	common/cmd_ide.c	before loading a Image from a IDE device
1739  -42	common/cmd_ide.c	Bad usage of "ide" command
1740   42	common/cmd_ide.c	correct usage of "ide" command
1741  -43	common/cmd_ide.c	No boot device
1742   43	common/cmd_ide.c	boot device found
1743  -44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device not available
1744   44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device available
1745  -45	common/cmd_ide.c	wrong partition selected
1746   45	common/cmd_ide.c	partition selected
1747  -46	common/cmd_ide.c	Unknown partition table
1748   46	common/cmd_ide.c	valid partition table found
1749  -47	common/cmd_ide.c	Invalid partition type
1750   47	common/cmd_ide.c	correct partition type
1751  -48	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1752   48	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image Header from IDE device OK
1753  -49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad magic number
1754   49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct magic number
1755  -50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1756   50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct checksum
1757  -51	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image from IDE device
1758   51	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image from IDE device OK
1759   52	common/cmd_nand.c	before loading a Image from a NAND device
1760  -53	common/cmd_nand.c	Bad usage of "nand" command
1761   53	common/cmd_nand.c	correct usage of "nand" command
1762  -54	common/cmd_nand.c	No boot device
1763   54	common/cmd_nand.c	boot device found
1764  -55	common/cmd_nand.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1765   55	common/cmd_nand.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1766  -56	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1767   56	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image Header from NAND device OK
1768  -57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has bad magic number
1769   57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has correct magic number
1770  -58	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image from NAND device
1771   58	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image from NAND device OK
1772
1773  -60	common/env_common.c	Environment has a bad CRC, using default
1774
1775   64	net/eth.c		starting with Ethernetconfiguration.
1776  -64	net/eth.c		no Ethernet found.
1777   65	net/eth.c		Ethernet found.
1778
1779  -80	common/cmd_net.c	usage wrong
1780   80	common/cmd_net.c	before calling NetLoop()
1781  -81	common/cmd_net.c	some error in NetLoop() occured
1782   81	common/cmd_net.c	NetLoop() back without error
1783  -82	common/cmd_net.c	size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
1784   82	common/cmd_net.c	trying automatic boot
1785   83	common/cmd_net.c	running autoscript
1786  -83	common/cmd_net.c	some error in automatic boot or autoscript
1787   84	common/cmd_net.c	end without errors
1788
1789FIT uImage format:
1790
1791  Arg	Where			When
1792  100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has correct format
1793 -100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has incorrect format
1794  101	common/cmd_bootm.c	No Kernel subimage unit name, using configuration
1795 -101	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get configuration for kernel subimage
1796  102	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel unit name specified
1797 -103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage node offset
1798  103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Found configuration node
1799  104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage node offset
1800 -104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification failed
1801  105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification OK
1802 -105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage is for unsupported architecture
1803  106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1804 -106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage has wrong typea
1805  107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimge type OK
1806 -107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage data/size
1807  108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage data/size
1808 -108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong image type (not legacy, FIT)
1809 -109	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage type
1810 -110	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage comp
1811 -111	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage os
1812 -112	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage load address
1813 -113	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image uncompress/copy overwrite error
1814
1815  120	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1816 -120	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has incorrect format
1817  121	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has correct format
1818  122	common/image.c		No Ramdisk subimage unit name, using configuration
1819 -122	common/image.c		Can't get configuration for ramdisk subimage
1820  123	common/image.c		Ramdisk unit name specified
1821 -124	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage node offset
1822  125	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage node offset
1823 -125	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification failed
1824  126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification OK
1825 -126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage for unsupported architecture
1826  127	common/image.c		Architecture check OK
1827 -127	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage data/size
1828  128	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage data/size
1829  129	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk load address
1830 -129	common/image.c		Got ramdisk load address
1831
1832 -130	common/cmd_doc.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1833  131	common/cmd_doc.c	FIT image format OK
1834
1835 -140	common/cmd_ide.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1836  141	common/cmd_ide.c	FIT image format OK
1837
1838 -150	common/cmd_nand.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1839  151	common/cmd_nand.c	FIT image format OK
1840
1841
1842Modem Support:
1843--------------
1844
1845[so far only for SMDK2400 and TRAB boards]
1846
1847- Modem support endable:
1848		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1849
1850- RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1851		CONFIG_HWFLOW
1852
1853- Modem debug support:
1854		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1855
1856		Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1857		for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1858
1859- Interrupt support (PPC):
1860
1861		There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
1862		for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
1863		for cpu specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
1864		should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
1865		cpu resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
1866		(ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
1867		timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for cpu
1868		specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
1869		/ other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
1870		general timer_interrupt().
1871
1872- General:
1873
1874		In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1875		specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1876		power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1877		(autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1878		board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1879		function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1880		initialization.
1881
1882		If there are no modem init strings in the
1883		environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1884		previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1885		supressed, though.
1886
1887		See also: doc/README.Modem
1888
1889
1890Configuration Settings:
1891-----------------------
1892
1893- CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1894		undefine this when you're short of memory.
1895
1896- CFG_PROMPT:	This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1897		prompt for user input.
1898
1899- CFG_CBSIZE:	Buffer size for input from the Console
1900
1901- CFG_PBSIZE:	Buffer size for Console output
1902
1903- CFG_MAXARGS:	max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1904
1905- CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1906		the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1907		booted
1908
1909- CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1910		List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1911
1912- CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1913		Suppress display of console information at boot.
1914
1915- CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1916		If the board specific function
1917			extern int overwrite_console (void);
1918		returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1919		serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1920
1921- CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1922		Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1923
1924- CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1925		Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1926
1927- CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1928		Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1929		simple memory test.
1930
1931- CFG_ALT_MEMTEST:
1932		Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1933
1934- CFG_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
1935		Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
1936		You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
1937
1938- CFG_MEM_TOP_HIDE (PPC only):
1939		If CFG_MEM_TOP_HIDE is defined in the board config header,
1940		this specified memory area will get subtracted from the top
1941		(end) of ram and won't get "touched" at all by U-Boot. By
1942		fixing up gd->ram_size the Linux kernel should gets passed
1943		the now "corrected" memory size and won't touch it either.
1944		This should work for arch/ppc and arch/powerpc. Only Linux
1945		board ports in arch/powerpc with bootwrapper support that
1946		recalculate the memory size from the SDRAM controller setup
1947		will have to get fixed in Linux additionally.
1948
1949		This option can be used as a workaround for the 440EPx/GRx
1950		CHIP 11 errata where the last 256 bytes in SDRAM shouldn't
1951		be touched.
1952
1953		WARNING: Please make sure that this value is a multiple of
1954		the Linux page size (normally 4k). If this is not the case,
1955		then the end address of the Linux memory will be located at a
1956		non page size aligned address and this could cause major
1957		problems.
1958
1959- CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1960		Default load address for network file downloads
1961
1962- CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1963		Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1964
1965- CFG_SDRAM_BASE:
1966		Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1967
1968- CFG_MBIO_BASE:
1969		Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1970		Cogent motherboard)
1971
1972- CFG_FLASH_BASE:
1973		Physical start address of Flash memory.
1974
1975- CFG_MONITOR_BASE:
1976		Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1977		make config files to be same as the text base address
1978		(TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1979		CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1980
1981- CFG_MONITOR_LEN:
1982		Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
1983		determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
1984		embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
1985		flash sector.
1986
1987- CFG_MALLOC_LEN:
1988		Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1989
1990- CFG_BOOTM_LEN:
1991		Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
1992		uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
1993		you can define CFG_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
1994		to adjust this setting to your needs.
1995
1996- CFG_BOOTMAPSZ:
1997		Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
1998		the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
1999		the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, eventually
2000		initrd image) must be put below this limit.
2001
2002- CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
2003		Max number of Flash memory banks
2004
2005- CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
2006		Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
2007
2008- CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
2009		Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
2010
2011- CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
2012		Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
2013
2014- CFG_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
2015		Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
2016
2017- CFG_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
2018		Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
2019
2020- CFG_FLASH_PROTECTION
2021		If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
2022		instead of U-Boot software protection.
2023
2024- CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
2025
2026		Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
2027		without this option such a download has to be
2028		performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
2029		copy from RAM to flash.
2030
2031		The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
2032		you can check if the download worked before you erase
2033		the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
2034		too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
2035		downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
2036
2037- CFG_FLASH_CFI:
2038		Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
2039		common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
2040
2041- CFG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
2042		This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
2043		in the drivers directory
2044
2045- CFG_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
2046		If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
2047		print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
2048		is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
2049		optionally available.
2050
2051- CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS
2052		If defined (must be an integer), print out countdown
2053		digits and dots.  Recommended value: 45 (9..1) for 80
2054		column displays, 15 (3..1) for 40 column displays.
2055
2056- CFG_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
2057		Defines the number of ethernet receive buffers. On some
2058		ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
2059		to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
2060		buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
2061		on high ethernet traffic.
2062		Defaults to 4 if not defined.
2063
2064The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
2065of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
2066following configurations:
2067
2068- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
2069
2070	Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
2071
2072	a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
2073	   "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
2074	   happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
2075	   sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
2076	   sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
2077	   layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
2078	   such a case you would place the environment in one of the
2079	   4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
2080	   "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
2081	   environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
2082	   between U-Boot and the environment.
2083
2084	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2085
2086	   Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
2087	   beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
2088	   type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
2089	   for this sector is given here.
2090
2091	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
2092
2093	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2094
2095	   This is just another way to specify the start address of
2096	   the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
2097	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET).
2098
2099	- CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
2100
2101	   Size of the sector containing the environment.
2102
2103
2104	b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
2105	   In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
2106	   the environment.
2107
2108	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2109
2110	   If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
2111	   and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
2112	   of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
2113	   memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
2114
2115	   It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
2116	   when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
2117	   since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
2118	   for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
2119	   STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
2120	   updating the environment in flash makes it always
2121	   necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
2122	   wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
2123	   RAM, your target system will be dead.
2124
2125	- CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
2126	  CFG_ENV_SIZE_REDUND
2127
2128	   These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
2129	   a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
2130	   a valid backup copy in case there is a power failure during
2131	   a "saveenv" operation.
2132
2133BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
2134source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
2135accordingly!
2136
2137
2138- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
2139
2140	Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
2141	(NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
2142	environment.
2143
2144	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2145	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2146
2147	  These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
2148	  want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
2149	  can just be read and written to, without any special
2150	  provision.
2151
2152BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2153in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2154console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
2155U-Boot will hang.
2156
2157Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2158environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2159keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2160to save the current settings.
2161
2162
2163- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
2164
2165	Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
2166	device and a driver for it.
2167
2168	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2169	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2170
2171	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
2172	  environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
2173
2174	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
2175	  If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
2176	  The default address is zero.
2177
2178	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
2179	  If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
2180	  single page in the EEPROM device.  A 64 byte page, for example
2181	  would require six bits.
2182
2183	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
2184	  If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
2185	  page writes.	The default is zero milliseconds.
2186
2187	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
2188	  The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address.  Note
2189	  that this is NOT the chip address length!
2190
2191	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_OVERFLOW:
2192	  EEPROM chips that implement "address overflow" are ones
2193	  like Catalyst 24WC04/08/16 which has 9/10/11 bits of
2194	  address and the extra bits end up in the "chip address" bit
2195	  slots. This makes a 24WC08 (1Kbyte) chip look like four 256
2196	  byte chips.
2197
2198	  Note that we consider the length of the address field to
2199	  still be one byte because the extra address bits are hidden
2200	  in the chip address.
2201
2202	- CFG_EEPROM_SIZE:
2203	  The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
2204
2205
2206- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_DATAFLASH:
2207
2208	Define this if you have a DataFlash memory device which you
2209	want to use for the environment.
2210
2211	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2212	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2213	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2214
2215	  These three #defines specify the offset and size of the
2216	  environment area within the total memory of your DataFlash placed
2217	  at the specified address.
2218
2219- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:
2220
2221	Define this if you have a NAND device which you want to use
2222	for the environment.
2223
2224	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2225	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2226
2227	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the environment
2228	  area within the first NAND device.
2229
2230	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
2231
2232	  This setting describes a second storage area of CFG_ENV_SIZE
2233	  size used to hold a redundant copy of the environment data,
2234	  so that there is a valid backup copy in case there is a
2235	  power failure during a "saveenv" operation.
2236
2237	Note: CFG_ENV_OFFSET and CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND must be aligned
2238	to a block boundary, and CFG_ENV_SIZE must be a multiple of
2239	the NAND devices block size.
2240
2241- CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
2242
2243	Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
2244	area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
2245	is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
2246	scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
2247	calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
2248	to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
2249	start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
2250
2251Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
2252has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
2253created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
2254until then to read environment variables.
2255
2256The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
2257is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
2258with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
2259necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
2260"baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
2261have any device yet where we could complain.]
2262
2263Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
2264the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
2265use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
2266
2267- CFG_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
2268		Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
2269
2270		Note: If this option is active, then CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR
2271		      also needs to be defined.
2272
2273- CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
2274		MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
2275
2276- CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF:
2277		Makes vsprintf (and all *printf functions) support printing
2278		of 64bit values by using the L quantifier
2279
2280- CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL:
2281		Adds simple_strtoull that returns a 64bit value
2282
2283Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
2284---------------------------------------------------
2285
2286- CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
2287		Cache Line Size of the CPU.
2288
2289- CFG_DEFAULT_IMMR:
2290		Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
2291
2292		Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS, PQ2FADS-ZU,
2293		and RPXsuper) to be able to adjust the position of
2294		the IMMR register after a reset.
2295
2296- Floppy Disk Support:
2297		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
2298
2299		the default drive number (default value 0)
2300
2301		CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE
2302
2303		defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
2304		(default value 1)
2305
2306		CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET
2307
2308		defines the offset of register from address. It
2309		depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
2310		the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
2311
2312		If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
2313		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
2314		default value.
2315
2316		if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
2317		fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
2318		setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
2319		source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
2320		initializations.
2321
2322- CFG_IMMR:	Physical address of the Internal Memory.
2323		DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
2324		doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx/82xx systems only]
2325
2326- CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
2327
2328		Start address of memory area that can be used for
2329		initial data and stack; please note that this must be
2330		writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
2331		initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
2332		will become available only after programming the
2333		memory controller and running certain initialization
2334		sequences.
2335
2336		U-Boot uses the following memory types:
2337		- MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
2338		- MPC824X: data cache
2339		- PPC4xx:  data cache
2340
2341- CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
2342
2343		Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
2344		area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
2345		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
2346		data is located at the end of the available space
2347		(sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
2348		CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
2349		below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
2350		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
2351
2352	Note:
2353		On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
2354		cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
2355		CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
2356		point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
2357		the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
2358
2359- CFG_SIUMCR:	SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
2360
2361- CFG_SYPCR:	System Protection Control (11-9)
2362
2363- CFG_TBSCR:	Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
2364
2365- CFG_PISCR:	Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
2366
2367- CFG_PLPRCR:	PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
2368
2369- CFG_SCCR:	System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
2370
2371- CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
2372		SDRAM timing
2373
2374- CFG_MAMR_PTA:
2375		periodic timer for refresh
2376
2377- CFG_DER:	Debug Event Register (37-47)
2378
2379- FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
2380  CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
2381  CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
2382  CFG_BR1_PRELIM:
2383		Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
2384
2385- SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
2386  CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
2387  CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
2388		Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
2389
2390- CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
2391  CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
2392		Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
2393		Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
2394
2395- CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2396		enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2397		define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
2398
2399- CFG_SMC_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SMC_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2400		enable SMC microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2401		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SMC1]
2402
2403- CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2404		enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2405		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
2406
2407- CFG_USE_OSCCLK:
2408		Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
2409		wrong setting might damage your board. Read
2410		doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
2411
2412- CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
2413		Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
2414		(Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
2415		#define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
2416		cpm_8260.h.
2417
2418- CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_BUS, CFG_PICMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2419  CFG_PCI_MSTR0_LOCAL, CFG_PCIMSK0_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR1_LOCAL,
2420  CFG_PCIMSK1_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_BUS,
2421  CFG_CPU_PCI_MEM_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_SIZE, CFG_POCMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2422  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_BUS, CPU_PCI_MEMIO_START,
2423  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_SIZE, CFG_POCMR1_MASK_ATTRIB, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_LOCAL,
2424  CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_BUS, CFG_CPU_PCI_IO_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_SIZE,
2425  CFG_POCMR2_MASK_ATTRIB: (MPC826x only)
2426		Overrides the default PCI memory map in cpu/mpc8260/pci.c if set.
2427
2428- CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM
2429		Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common
2430		with pluggable memory modules such as SODIMMs
2431
2432  SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS
2433		I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
2434
2435- CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
2436		If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first
2437		one, specify here. Note that the value must resolve
2438		to something your driver can deal with.
2439
2440- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2441		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
2442		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2443
2444- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2445		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should
2446		be configured using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2447
2448- CONFIG_ETHER_ON_FEC[12]
2449		Define to enable FEC[12] on a 8xx series processor.
2450
2451- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY
2452		Define to the hardcoded PHY address which corresponds
2453		to the given FEC; i. e.
2454			#define CONFIG_FEC1_PHY 4
2455		means that the PHY with address 4 is connected to FEC1
2456
2457		When set to -1, means to probe for first available.
2458
2459- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY_NORXERR
2460		The PHY does not have a RXERR line (RMII only).
2461		(so program the FEC to ignore it).
2462
2463- CONFIG_RMII
2464		Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
2465		Note that this is a global option, we can't
2466		have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
2467
2468- CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
2469		Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
2470		The syntax is:
2471
2472		=> crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
2473
2474		Where address/count indicate a memory area
2475		and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
2476		area should have.
2477
2478- CONFIG_LOOPW
2479		Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
2480		the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2481
2482- CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
2483		Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
2484		"md/mw" commands.
2485		Examples:
2486
2487		=> mdc.b 10 4 500
2488		This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
2489
2490		=> mwc.l 100 12345678 10
2491		This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
2492
2493		This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
2494		globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2495
2496- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
2497- CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
2498
2499		[ARM only] If these variables are defined, then
2500		certain low level initializations (like setting up
2501		the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does
2502		not relocate itself into RAM.
2503		Normally these variables MUST NOT be defined. The
2504		only exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by
2505		some other boot loader or by a debugger which
2506		performs these intializations itself.
2507
2508
2509Building the Software:
2510======================
2511
2512Building U-Boot has been tested in several native build environments
2513and in many different cross environments. Of course we cannot support
2514all possibly existing versions of cross development tools in all
2515(potentially obsolete) versions. In case of tool chain problems we
2516recommend to use the ELDK (see http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK)
2517which is extensively used to build and test U-Boot.
2518
2519If you are not using a native environment, it is assumed that you
2520have GNU cross compiling tools available in your path. In this case,
2521you must set the environment variable CROSS_COMPILE in your shell.
2522Note that no changes to the Makefile or any other source files are
2523necessary. For example using the ELDK on a 4xx CPU, please enter:
2524
2525	$ CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_4xx-
2526	$ export CROSS_COMPILE
2527
2528U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
2529sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
2530is done by typing:
2531
2532	make NAME_config
2533
2534where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing configu-
2535rations; see the main Makefile for supported names.
2536
2537Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
2538      additional information is available from the board vendor; for
2539      instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
2540      or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
2541      when chosing the configuration, i. e.
2542
2543      make TQM823L_config
2544	- will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
2545
2546      make TQM823L_LCD_config
2547	- will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
2548
2549      etc.
2550
2551
2552Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
2553images ready for download to / installation on your system:
2554
2555- "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
2556- "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
2557- "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
2558
2559By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
2560in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
2561this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
2562
25631. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
2564
2565	make O=/tmp/build distclean
2566	make O=/tmp/build NAME_config
2567	make O=/tmp/build all
2568
25692. Set environment variable BUILD_DIR to point to the desired location:
2570
2571	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2572	make distclean
2573	make NAME_config
2574	make all
2575
2576Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the BUILD_DIR environment
2577variable.
2578
2579
2580Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
2581for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
2582native "make".
2583
2584
2585If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
2586to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
2587steps:
2588
25891.  Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
2590    "Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing
2591    entries as examples. Note that here and at many other places
2592    boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please
2593    keep this order.
25942.  Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
2595    files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
2596    the "Makefile", a "<board>.c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".
25973.  Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
2598    your board
25993.  If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
2600    directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
26014.  Run "make <board>_config" with your new name.
26025.  Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
2603    to be installed on your target system.
26046.  Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
2605    [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
2606
2607
2608Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
2609==============================================================
2610
2611If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
2612or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
2613provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
2614the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
2615official or latest in the git repository) version of U-Boot sources.
2616
2617But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
2618cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
2619the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
2620just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
2621for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You can
2622select which (cross) compiler to use by passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
2623environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the ELDK cross tools
2624you can type
2625
2626	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2627
2628or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
2629
2630	CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
2631
2632When using the MAKEALL script, the default behaviour is to build
2633U-Boot in the source directory. This location can be changed by
2634setting the BUILD_DIR environment variable. Also, for each target
2635built, the MAKEALL script saves two log files (<target>.ERR and
2636<target>.MAKEALL) in the <source dir>/LOG directory. This default
2637location can be changed by setting the MAKEALL_LOGDIR environment
2638variable. For example:
2639
2640	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2641	export MAKEALL_LOGDIR=/tmp/log
2642	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2643
2644With the above settings build objects are saved in the /tmp/build,
2645log files are saved in the /tmp/log and the source tree remains clean
2646during the whole build process.
2647
2648
2649See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
2650
2651
2652Monitor Commands - Overview:
2653============================
2654
2655go	- start application at address 'addr'
2656run	- run commands in an environment variable
2657bootm	- boot application image from memory
2658bootp	- boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
2659tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
2660	       and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
2661	       (and eventually "gatewayip")
2662rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
2663diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd   - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
2664loads	- load S-Record file over serial line
2665loadb	- load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
2666md	- memory display
2667mm	- memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2668nm	- memory modify (constant address)
2669mw	- memory write (fill)
2670cp	- memory copy
2671cmp	- memory compare
2672crc32	- checksum calculation
2673imd	- i2c memory display
2674imm	- i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2675inm	- i2c memory modify (constant address)
2676imw	- i2c memory write (fill)
2677icrc32	- i2c checksum calculation
2678iprobe	- probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
2679iloop	- infinite loop on address range
2680isdram	- print SDRAM configuration information
2681sspi	- SPI utility commands
2682base	- print or set address offset
2683printenv- print environment variables
2684setenv	- set environment variables
2685saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
2686protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
2687erase	- erase FLASH memory
2688flinfo	- print FLASH memory information
2689bdinfo	- print Board Info structure
2690iminfo	- print header information for application image
2691coninfo - print console devices and informations
2692ide	- IDE sub-system
2693loop	- infinite loop on address range
2694loopw	- infinite write loop on address range
2695mtest	- simple RAM test
2696icache	- enable or disable instruction cache
2697dcache	- enable or disable data cache
2698reset	- Perform RESET of the CPU
2699echo	- echo args to console
2700version - print monitor version
2701help	- print online help
2702?	- alias for 'help'
2703
2704
2705Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
2706========================================
2707
2708TODO.
2709
2710For now: just type "help <command>".
2711
2712
2713Environment Variables:
2714======================
2715
2716U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
2717can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
2718
2719Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
2720"printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
2721without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
2722environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
2723working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
2724environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
2725
2726Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
2727
2728  baudrate	- see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
2729
2730  bootdelay	- see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
2731
2732  bootcmd	- see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
2733
2734  bootargs	- Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
2735
2736  bootfile	- Name of the image to load with TFTP
2737
2738  autoload	- if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
2739		  "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
2740		  configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
2741		  load any image using TFTP
2742
2743  autoscript	- if set to "yes" commands like "loadb", "loady",
2744		  "bootp", "tftpb", "rarpboot" and "nfs" will attempt
2745		  to automatically run script images (by internally
2746		  calling "autoscript").
2747
2748  autoscript_uname - if script image is in a format (FIT) this
2749		     variable is used to get script subimage unit name.
2750
2751  autostart	- if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
2752		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
2753		  be automatically started (by internally calling
2754		  "bootm")
2755
2756		  If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
2757		  "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
2758		  (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
2759		  This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
2760		  data.
2761
2762  i2cfast	- (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
2763		  if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
2764		  mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
2765		  initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
2766		  it must be saved and board must be reset.
2767
2768  initrd_high	- restrict positioning of initrd images:
2769		  If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
2770		  copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
2771		  is usually what you want since it allows for
2772		  maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
2773		  make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
2774		  CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
2775		  variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
2776		  Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
2777		  address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
2778		  does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
2779
2780		  For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
2781		  RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
2782		  you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
2783		  the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
2784		  sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
2785		  12 MB as well - this can be done with
2786
2787		  setenv initrd_high 00c00000
2788
2789		  If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
2790		  indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
2791		  for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
2792		  memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
2793		  ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
2794		  boot time on your system, but requires that this
2795		  feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
2796
2797  ipaddr	- IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2798
2799  loadaddr	- Default load address for commands like "bootp",
2800		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
2801
2802  loads_echo	- see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
2803
2804  serverip	- TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2805
2806  bootretry	- see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
2807
2808  bootdelaykey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
2809
2810  bootstopkey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
2811
2812  ethprime	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2813		  interface is used first.
2814
2815  ethact	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2816		  interface is currently active. For example you
2817		  can do the following
2818
2819		  => setenv ethact FEC ETHERNET
2820		  => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC ETHERNET
2821		  => setenv ethact SCC ETHERNET
2822		  => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC ETHERNET
2823
2824  ethrotate	- When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
2825		  available network interfaces.
2826		  It just stays at the currently selected interface.
2827
2828   netretry	- When set to "no" each network operation will
2829		  either succeed or fail without retrying.
2830		  When set to "once" the network operation will
2831		  fail when all the available network interfaces
2832		  are tried once without success.
2833		  Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
2834		  themselves.
2835
2836  npe_ucode	- see CONFIG_IXP4XX_NPE_EXT_UCOD
2837		  if set load address for the npe microcode
2838
2839  tftpsrcport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
2840		  UDP source port.
2841
2842  tftpdstport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
2843		  destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
2844
2845   vlan		- When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
2846		  ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
2847		  VLAN tagged frames.
2848
2849The following environment variables may be used and automatically
2850updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
2851depending the information provided by your boot server:
2852
2853  bootfile	- see above
2854  dnsip		- IP address of your Domain Name Server
2855  dnsip2	- IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
2856  gatewayip	- IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
2857  hostname	- Target hostname
2858  ipaddr	- see above
2859  netmask	- Subnet Mask
2860  rootpath	- Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
2861  serverip	- see above
2862
2863
2864There are two special Environment Variables:
2865
2866  serial#	- contains hardware identification information such
2867		  as type string and/or serial number
2868  ethaddr	- Ethernet address
2869
2870These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
2871the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
2872once they have been set once.
2873
2874
2875Further special Environment Variables:
2876
2877  ver		- Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
2878		  with the "version" command. This variable is
2879		  readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
2880
2881
2882Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
2883only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
2884
2885
2886Command Line Parsing:
2887=====================
2888
2889There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
2890the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
2891
2892Old, simple command line parser:
2893--------------------------------
2894
2895- supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
2896- several commands on one line, separated by ';'
2897- variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
2898- special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
2899  for example:
2900	setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
2901- You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
2902	setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
2903
2904Hush shell:
2905-----------
2906
2907- similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
2908  if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
2909  until...do...done, ...
2910- supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
2911  commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
2912  "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
2913  command
2914
2915General rules:
2916--------------
2917
2918(1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
2919    command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
2920    one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
2921    executed anyway.
2922
2923(2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
2924    calling run with a list af variables as arguments), any failing
2925    command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
2926    variables are not executed.
2927
2928Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
2929=======================================
2930
2931Some boards come with redundant ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
2932such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
2933"working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
2934
2935Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
2936MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
2937"eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
2938
2939If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
2940in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
2941ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
2942variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
2943
2944o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
2945  environment, the SROM's address is used.
2946
2947o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
2948  environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
2949  used.
2950
2951o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
2952  both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
2953
2954o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
2955  addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
2956  warning is printed.
2957
2958o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2959  is raised.
2960
2961
2962Image Formats:
2963==============
2964
2965U-Boot is capable of booting (and performing other auxiliary operations on)
2966images in two formats:
2967
2968New uImage format (FIT)
2969-----------------------
2970
2971Flexible and powerful format based on Flattened Image Tree -- FIT (similar
2972to Flattened Device Tree). It allows the use of images with multiple
2973components (several kernels, ramdisks, etc.), with contents protected by
2974SHA1, MD5 or CRC32. More details are found in the doc/uImage.FIT directory.
2975
2976
2977Old uImage format
2978-----------------
2979
2980Old image format is based on binary files which can be basically anything,
2981preceded by a special header; see the definitions in include/image.h for
2982details; basically, the header defines the following image properties:
2983
2984* Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
2985  4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
2986  LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS;
2987  Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS).
2988* Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86,
2989  IA64, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
2990  Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC).
2991* Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
2992* Load Address
2993* Entry Point
2994* Image Name
2995* Image Timestamp
2996
2997The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
2998and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
2999CRC32 checksums.
3000
3001
3002Linux Support:
3003==============
3004
3005Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
3006easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
3007U-Boot.
3008
3009U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
3010special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
3011"initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
3012instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
3013serves several purposes:
3014
3015- the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
3016  applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
3017  Flash memory footprint)
3018
3019- it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
3020  lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
3021
3022- the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
3023  images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
3024  be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
3025  have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
3026  change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
3027  software is easier now.
3028
3029
3030Linux HOWTO:
3031============
3032
3033Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
3034---------------------------------------
3035
3036U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
3037configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
3038(no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
3039Linux :-).
3040
3041But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
3042
3043Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
3044include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
3045Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
3046sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
3047U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
3048
3049
3050Configuring the Linux kernel:
3051-----------------------------
3052
3053No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
3054device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
3055
3056
3057Building a Linux Image:
3058-----------------------
3059
3060With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
3061not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
3062"uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
3063U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
3064which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
3065100% compatible format.
3066
3067Example:
3068
3069	make TQM850L_config
3070	make oldconfig
3071	make dep
3072	make uImage
3073
3074The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
3075encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header	 information,
3076CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
3077
3078* build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
3079
3080* convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
3081
3082	${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
3083				 -R .note -R .comment \
3084				 -S vmlinux linux.bin
3085
3086* compress the binary image:
3087
3088	gzip -9 linux.bin
3089
3090* package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
3091
3092	mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
3093		-a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
3094		-d linux.bin.gz uImage
3095
3096
3097The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
3098with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
3099combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
3100byte header containing information about target architecture,
3101operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
3102stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
3103
3104"mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
3105print the header information, or to build new images.
3106
3107In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
3108contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
3109checksum verification:
3110
3111	tools/mkimage -l image
3112	  -l ==> list image header information
3113
3114The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
3115from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
3116
3117	tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
3118		      -n name -d data_file image
3119	  -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
3120	  -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
3121	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
3122	  -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
3123	  -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
3124	  -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
3125	  -n ==> set image name to 'name'
3126	  -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
3127
3128Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
3129address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
3130kernel version:
3131
3132- 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
3133- 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
3134
3135So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
3136
3137	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3138	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
3139	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
3140	> examples/uImage.TQM850L
3141	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3142	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3143	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3144	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3145	Load Address: 0x00000000
3146	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3147
3148To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
3149
3150	-> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
3151	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3152	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3153	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3154	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3155	Load Address: 0x00000000
3156	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3157
3158NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
3159speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
3160needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
3161need to be uncompressed:
3162
3163	-> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
3164	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3165	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
3166	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
3167	> examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
3168	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3169	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3170	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
3171	Data Size:    792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
3172	Load Address: 0x00000000
3173	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3174
3175
3176Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
3177when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
3178
3179	-> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
3180	> -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
3181	> -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
3182	Image Name:   Simple Ramdisk Image
3183	Created:      Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
3184	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3185	Data Size:    566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
3186	Load Address: 0x00000000
3187	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3188
3189
3190Installing a Linux Image:
3191-------------------------
3192
3193To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
3194you must convert the image to S-Record format:
3195
3196	objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
3197
3198The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
3199image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
3200address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
3201specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
3202command.
3203
3204Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
3205TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
3206
3207	=> erase 40100000 401FFFFF
3208
3209	.......... done
3210	Erased 8 sectors
3211
3212	=> loads 40100000
3213	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3214	~>examples/image.srec
3215	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
3216	...
3217	15989 15990 15991 15992
3218	[file transfer complete]
3219	[connected]
3220	## Start Addr = 0x00000000
3221
3222
3223You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
3224this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
3225corruption happened:
3226
3227	=> imi 40100000
3228
3229	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3230	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3231	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3232	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3233	   Load Address: 00000000
3234	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3235	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3236
3237
3238Boot Linux:
3239-----------
3240
3241The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
3242memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
3243of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
3244parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
3245"printenv" and "setenv" commands:
3246
3247
3248	=> printenv bootargs
3249	bootargs=root=/dev/ram
3250
3251	=> setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3252
3253	=> printenv bootargs
3254	bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3255
3256	=> bootm 40020000
3257	## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
3258	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
3259	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3260	   Data Size:	 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
3261	   Load Address: 00000000
3262	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3263	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3264	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3265	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
3266	Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3267	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3268	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3269	Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
3270	...
3271
3272If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
3273the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
3274format!) to the "bootm" command:
3275
3276	=> imi 40100000 40200000
3277
3278	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3279	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3280	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3281	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3282	   Load Address: 00000000
3283	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3284	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3285
3286	## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
3287	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3288	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3289	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3290	   Load Address: 00000000
3291	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3292	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3293
3294	=> bootm 40100000 40200000
3295	## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
3296	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3297	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3298	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3299	   Load Address: 00000000
3300	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3301	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3302	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3303	## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
3304	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3305	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3306	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3307	   Load Address: 00000000
3308	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3309	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3310	   Loading Ramdisk ... OK
3311	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
3312	Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
3313	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3314	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3315	...
3316	RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
3317	VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
3318
3319	bash#
3320
3321Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
3322-----------
3323
3324First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
3325titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
3326following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
3327flat device tree:
3328
3329=> print oftaddr
3330oftaddr=0x300000
3331=> print oft
3332oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
3333=> tftp $oftaddr $oft
3334Speed: 1000, full duplex
3335Using TSEC0 device
3336TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
3337Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
3338Load address: 0x300000
3339Loading: #
3340done
3341Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
3342=> tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
3343Speed: 1000, full duplex
3344Using TSEC0 device
3345TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
3346Filename 'uImage'.
3347Load address: 0x200000
3348Loading:############
3349done
3350Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
3351=> print loadaddr
3352loadaddr=200000
3353=> print oftaddr
3354oftaddr=0x300000
3355=> bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
3356## Booting image at 00200000 ...
3357   Image Name:	 Linux-2.6.17-dirty
3358   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3359   Data Size:	 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
3360   Load Address: 00000000
3361   Entry Point:	 00000000
3362   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3363   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3364Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
3365Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
3366Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
3367[snip]
3368
3369
3370More About U-Boot Image Types:
3371------------------------------
3372
3373U-Boot supports the following image types:
3374
3375   "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
3376	provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
3377	well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
3378	the Standalone Program.
3379   "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
3380	will take over control completely. Usually these programs
3381	will install their own set of exception handlers, device
3382	drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
3383	expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
3384   "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
3385	parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
3386	being started.
3387   "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
3388	(Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
3389	RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
3390	to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
3391	server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
3392	for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
3393
3394	"Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
3395	image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
3396	byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
3397	Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
3398	one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
3399	a multiple of 4 bytes).
3400
3401   "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
3402	U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
3403	flash memory.
3404
3405   "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
3406	U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
3407	useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
3408	as command interpreter.
3409
3410
3411Standalone HOWTO:
3412=================
3413
3414One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
3415run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
3416U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
3417
3418Two simple examples are included with the sources:
3419
3420"Hello World" Demo:
3421-------------------
3422
3423'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
3424application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
3425It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
3426like that:
3427
3428	=> loads
3429	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3430	~>examples/hello_world.srec
3431	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3432	[file transfer complete]
3433	[connected]
3434	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3435
3436	=> go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
3437	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3438	Hello World
3439	argc = 7
3440	argv[0] = "40004"
3441	argv[1] = "Hello"
3442	argv[2] = "World!"
3443	argv[3] = "This"
3444	argv[4] = "is"
3445	argv[5] = "a"
3446	argv[6] = "test."
3447	argv[7] = "<NULL>"
3448	Hit any key to exit ...
3449
3450	## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3451
3452Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
3453handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
3454Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
3455The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
3456character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
3457controlled by the following keys:
3458
3459	? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
3460	b - enable interrupts and start timer
3461	e - stop timer and disable interrupts
3462	q - quit application
3463
3464	=> loads
3465	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3466	~>examples/timer.srec
3467	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3468	[file transfer complete]
3469	[connected]
3470	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3471
3472	=> go 40004
3473	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3474	TIMERS=0xfff00980
3475	Using timer 1
3476	  tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
3477
3478Hit 'b':
3479	[q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
3480	Enabling timer
3481Hit '?':
3482	[q, b, e, ?] ........
3483	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
3484Hit '?':
3485	[q, b, e, ?] .
3486	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
3487Hit '?':
3488	[q, b, e, ?] .
3489	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
3490Hit '?':
3491	[q, b, e, ?] .
3492	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
3493Hit 'e':
3494	[q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
3495Hit 'q':
3496	[q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3497
3498
3499Minicom warning:
3500================
3501
3502Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
3503"minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
3504consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
3505Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
3506especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
3507use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).
3508
3509Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
3510configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
3511
3512	   Name	   Program			Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
3513	X  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s	 Y    U	   Y	   N	  N
3514	Y  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r	 N    D	   Y	   N	  N
3515
3516
3517NetBSD Notes:
3518=============
3519
3520Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
3521(build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
3522
3523Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
3524NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
3525need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
3526Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
3527attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
3528missing.  This file has to be installed and patched manually:
3529
3530	# cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
3531	# mkdir powerpc
3532	# ln -s powerpc machine
3533	# cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
3534	# ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h	## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
3535
3536Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
3537and U-Boot include files.
3538
3539Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
3540stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
3541proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
3542tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
3543meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
3544
3545
3546Implementation Internals:
3547=========================
3548
3549The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
3550implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
3551inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
3552hardware.
3553
3554
3555Initial Stack, Global Data:
3556---------------------------
3557
3558The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
3559starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
3560system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
3561This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
3562is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
3563at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
3564options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
3565models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
3566MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
3567locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
3568
3569	Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
3570	u-boot-users mailing list:
3571
3572	Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
3573	From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
3574	Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
3575	...
3576
3577	Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
3578	is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
3579	require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
3580	is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
3581	necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
3582	beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
3583	can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
3584	operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
3585
3586	OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
3587	is another option for the system designer to use as an
3588	initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
3589	option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
3590	board designers haven't used it for something that would
3591	cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
3592	used.
3593
3594	CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
3595	with your processor/board/system design. The default value
3596	you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
3597	walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
3598	than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
3599	it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
3600	that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
3601	start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
3602	you get the config right.
3603
3604	-Chris Hallinan
3605	DS4.COM, Inc.
3606
3607It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
3608code for the initialization procedures:
3609
3610* Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
3611  to write it.
3612
3613* Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
3614  as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
3615  zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
3616
3617* Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
3618  that.
3619
3620Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
3621normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
3622turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
3623simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
3624functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
3625functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
3626the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
3627place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
3628reserve for this purpose.
3629
3630When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
3631relevant  (E)ABI  specifications for the current architecture, and by
3632GCC's implementation.
3633
3634For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
3635	R1:	stack pointer
3636	R2:	reserved for system use
3637	R3-R4:	parameter passing and return values
3638	R5-R10: parameter passing
3639	R13:	small data area pointer
3640	R30:	GOT pointer
3641	R31:	frame pointer
3642
3643	(U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
3644
3645    ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
3646
3647    Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
3648    address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
3649    but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
3650    smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
3651    average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
3652    624 text + 127 data).
3653
3654On Blackfin, the normal C ABI (except for P5) is followed as documented here:
3655	http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=application_binary_interface
3656
3657    ==> U-Boot will use P5 to hold a pointer to the global data
3658
3659On ARM, the following registers are used:
3660
3661	R0:	function argument word/integer result
3662	R1-R3:	function argument word
3663	R9:	GOT pointer
3664	R10:	stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
3665	R11:	argument (frame) pointer
3666	R12:	temporary workspace
3667	R13:	stack pointer
3668	R14:	link register
3669	R15:	program counter
3670
3671    ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
3672
3673NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
3674or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
3675
3676Memory Management:
3677------------------
3678
3679U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
3680MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
3681
3682The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
3683controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
3684memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
3685physical memory banks.
3686
3687U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
3688TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
3689booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
3690to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
3691memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
3692configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
3693Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
3694
3695Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
3696of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
3697
3698So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
3699this:
3700
3701	0x0000 0000	Exception Vector code
3702	      :
3703	0x0000 1FFF
3704	0x0000 2000	Free for Application Use
3705	      :
3706	      :
3707
3708	      :
3709	      :
3710	0x00FB FF20	Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
3711	0x00FB FFAC	Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
3712	0x00FC 0000	Malloc Arena
3713	      :
3714	0x00FD FFFF
3715	0x00FE 0000	RAM Copy of Monitor Code
3716	...		eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
3717	...		eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
3718	0x00FF FFFF	[End of RAM]
3719
3720
3721System Initialization:
3722----------------------
3723
3724In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
3725(on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
3726configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
3727To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
3728To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
3729initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
3730which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
3731part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
3732the caches and the SIU.
3733
3734Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
3735preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
3736(multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
3737on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
3738programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
3739simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
3740banks.
3741
3742When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
3743different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
3744bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
37450x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
3746contiguous memory starting from 0.
3747
3748Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
3749and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
3750Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
3751pages, and the final stack is set up.
3752
3753Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
3754until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
3755running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
3756new address in RAM.
3757
3758
3759U-Boot Porting Guide:
3760----------------------
3761
3762[Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
3763list, October 2002]
3764
3765
3766int main (int argc, char *argv[])
3767{
3768	sighandler_t no_more_time;
3769
3770	signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
3771	alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
3772
3773	if (available_money > available_manpower) {
3774		pay consultant to port U-Boot;
3775		return 0;
3776	}
3777
3778	Download latest U-Boot source;
3779
3780	Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
3781
3782	if (clueless) {
3783		email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
3784	}
3785
3786	while (learning) {
3787		Read the README file in the top level directory;
3788		Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual ;
3789		Read the source, Luke;
3790	}
3791
3792	if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
3793		Buy a BDI2000;
3794	} else {
3795		Add a lot of aggravation and time;
3796	}
3797
3798	Create your own board support subdirectory;
3799
3800	Create your own board config file;
3801
3802	while (!running) {
3803		do {
3804			Add / modify source code;
3805		} until (compiles);
3806		Debug;
3807		if (clueless)
3808			email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
3809	}
3810	Send patch file to Wolfgang;
3811
3812	return 0;
3813}
3814
3815void no_more_time (int sig)
3816{
3817      hire_a_guru();
3818}
3819
3820
3821Coding Standards:
3822-----------------
3823
3824All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
3825coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script
3826"scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.  In sources
3827originating from U-Boot a style corresponding to "Lindent -pcs" (adding
3828spaces before parameters to function calls) is actually used.
3829
3830Source files originating from a different project (for example the
3831MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
3832reformated to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
3833sources.
3834
3835Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
3836Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
3837in your code.
3838
3839Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
3840- remove any trailing white space
3841- use TAB characters for indentation, not spaces
3842- make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
3843- do not add more than 2 empty lines to source files
3844- do not add trailing empty lines to source files
3845
3846Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
3847with a request to reformat the changes.
3848
3849
3850Submitting Patches:
3851-------------------
3852
3853Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
3854establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
3855may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
3856
3857Patches shall be sent to the u-boot-users mailing list.
3858
3859Please see http://www.denx.de/wiki/UBoot/Patches for details.
3860
3861When you send a patch, please include the following information with
3862it:
3863
3864* For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
3865  this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
3866  patch actually fixes something.
3867
3868* For new features: a description of the feature and your
3869  implementation.
3870
3871* A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
3872
3873* For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
3874
3875* When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
3876  board to the MAKEALL script, too.
3877
3878* If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
3879  document these in the README file.
3880
3881* The patch itself. If you are using git (which is *strongly*
3882  recommended) you can easily generate the patch using the
3883  "git-format-patch". If you then use "git-send-email" to send it to
3884  the U-Boot mailing list, you will avoid most of the common problems
3885  with some other mail clients.
3886
3887  If you cannot use git, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your version of
3888  diff does not support these options, then get the latest version of
3889  GNU diff.
3890
3891  The current directory when running this command shall be the parent
3892  directory of the U-Boot source tree (i. e. please make sure that
3893  your patch includes sufficient directory information for the
3894  affected files).
3895
3896  We prefer patches as plain text. MIME attachments are discouraged,
3897  and compressed attachments must not be used.
3898
3899* If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
3900  files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
3901
3902* Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
3903  submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
3904
3905
3906Notes:
3907
3908* Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
3909  source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
3910  for any of the boards.
3911
3912* Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
3913  containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
3914  returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
3915
3916* If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
3917  add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
3918  When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
3919  (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
3920  disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
3921  modification.
3922
3923* Remember that there is a size limit of 40 kB per message on the
3924  u-boot-users mailing list. Bigger patches will be moderated. If
3925  they are reasonable and not bigger than 100 kB, they will be
3926  acknowledged. Even bigger patches should be avoided.
3927