xref: /rk3399_rockchip-uboot/README (revision 27f33e9f45ef7f9685cbdc65066a1828e85dde4f)
1#
2# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2005
3# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
4#
5# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
6# project.
7#
8# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11# the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12#
13# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
16# GNU General Public License for more details.
17#
18# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
21# MA 02111-1307 USA
22#
23
24Summary:
25========
26
27This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
29processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
30initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
31code.
32
33The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
34the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
35header files in common, and special provision has been made to
36support booting of Linux images.
37
38Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
39configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
40implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
41add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
42code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
43load and run it dynamically.
44
45
46Status:
47=======
48
49In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
50Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
51"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
52
53In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
54who contributed the specific port.
55
56
57Where to get help:
58==================
59
60In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
61U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
62<u-boot-users@lists.sourceforge.net>. There is also an archive of
63previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
64before asking FAQ's. Please see
65http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
66
67
68Where we come from:
69===================
70
71- start from 8xxrom sources
72- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
73- clean up code
74- make it easier to add custom boards
75- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
76- extend functions, especially:
77  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
78  * S-Record download
79  * network boot
80  * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
81- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
82- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
83- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
84
85
86Names and Spelling:
87===================
88
89The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
90"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
91in source files etc.). Example:
92
93	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
94
95File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
96
97	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
98
99	#include <asm/u-boot.h>
100
101Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
102the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
103
104	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
105	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start
106
107
108Versioning:
109===========
110
111U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
112sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
113sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
114
115The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
116between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
117U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
118
119
120Directory Hierarchy:
121====================
122
123- board		Board dependent files
124- common	Misc architecture independent functions
125- cpu		CPU specific files
126  - 74xx_7xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
127  - arm720t	Files specific to ARM 720 CPUs
128  - arm920t	Files specific to ARM 920 CPUs
129    - at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU
130    - imx	Files specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs
131    - s3c24x0	Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs
132  - arm925t	Files specific to ARM 925 CPUs
133  - arm926ejs	Files specific to ARM 926 CPUs
134  - arm1136	Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs
135  - at32ap	Files specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs
136  - i386	Files specific to i386 CPUs
137  - ixp		Files specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs
138  - mcf52x2	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs
139  - mcf5227x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5227x CPUs
140  - mcf532x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5329 CPUs
141  - mcf5445x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5445x CPUs
142  - mcf547x_8x	Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF547x_8x CPUs
143  - mips	Files specific to MIPS CPUs
144  - mpc5xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xx  CPUs
145  - mpc5xxx	Files specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs
146  - mpc8xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC8xx  CPUs
147  - mpc8220	Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs
148  - mpc824x	Files specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs
149  - mpc8260	Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs
150  - mpc85xx	Files specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs
151  - nios	Files specific to Altera NIOS CPUs
152  - nios2	Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs
153  - ppc4xx	Files specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs
154  - pxa		Files specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs
155  - s3c44b0	Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs
156  - sa1100	Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs
157- disk		Code for disk drive partition handling
158- doc		Documentation (don't expect too much)
159- drivers	Commonly used device drivers
160- dtt		Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
161- examples	Example code for standalone applications, etc.
162- include	Header Files
163- lib_arm	Files generic to ARM	 architecture
164- lib_avr32	Files generic to AVR32	 architecture
165- lib_generic	Files generic to all	 architectures
166- lib_i386	Files generic to i386	 architecture
167- lib_m68k	Files generic to m68k	 architecture
168- lib_mips	Files generic to MIPS	 architecture
169- lib_nios	Files generic to NIOS	 architecture
170- lib_ppc	Files generic to PowerPC architecture
171- libfdt 	Library files to support flattened device trees
172- net		Networking code
173- post		Power On Self Test
174- rtc		Real Time Clock drivers
175- tools		Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
176
177Software Configuration:
178=======================
179
180Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
181rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
182
183There are two classes of configuration variables:
184
185* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
186  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
187  "CONFIG_".
188
189* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
190  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
191  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
192  "CFG_".
193
194Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
195identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
196do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
197links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
198as an example here.
199
200
201Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
202---------------------------------------------------
203
204For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
205configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
206
207Example: For a TQM823L module type:
208
209	cd u-boot
210	make TQM823L_config
211
212For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
213e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
214directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
215
216
217Configuration Options:
218----------------------
219
220Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
221such information is kept in a configuration file
222"include/configs/<board_name>.h".
223
224Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
225"include/configs/TQM823L.h".
226
227
228Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
229kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
230build a config tool - later.
231
232
233The following options need to be configured:
234
235- CPU Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
236
237- Board Type:	Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
238
239- CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)
240		Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_ATSTK1002
241
242- CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
243		Define exactly one of
244		CONFIG_CMA286_60_OLD
245--- FIXME --- not tested yet:
246		CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
247		CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
248
249- Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
250		Define exactly one of
251		CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
252
253- Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
254		Define one or more of
255		CONFIG_CMA302
256
257- Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
258		Define one or more of
259		CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT	- update a character position on
260					  the lcd display every second with
261					  a "rotator" |\-/|\-/
262
263- Board flavour: (if CONFIG_MPC8260ADS is defined)
264		CONFIG_ADSTYPE
265		Possible values are:
266			CFG_8260ADS	- original MPC8260ADS
267			CFG_8266ADS	- MPC8266ADS
268			CFG_PQ2FADS	- PQ2FADS-ZU or PQ2FADS-VR
269			CFG_8272ADS	- MPC8272ADS
270
271- MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
272		Define exactly one of
273		CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
274
275- 8xx CPU Options: (if using an MPC8xx cpu)
276		CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ	- deprecated: CPU clock if
277					  get_gclk_freq() cannot work
278					  e.g. if there is no 32KHz
279					  reference PIT/RTC clock
280		CONFIG_8xx_OSCLK	- PLL input clock (either EXTCLK
281					  or XTAL/EXTAL)
282
283- 859/866/885 CPU options: (if using a MPC859 or MPC866 or MPC885 CPU):
284		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MIN
285		CFG_8xx_CPUCLK_MAX
286		CONFIG_8xx_CPUCLK_DEFAULT
287			See doc/README.MPC866
288
289		CFG_MEASURE_CPUCLK
290
291		Define this to measure the actual CPU clock instead
292		of relying on the correctness of the configured
293		values. Mostly useful for board bringup to make sure
294		the PLL is locked at the intended frequency. Note
295		that this requires a (stable) reference clock (32 kHz
296		RTC clock or CFG_8XX_XIN)
297
298- Intel Monahans options:
299		CFG_MONAHANS_RUN_MODE_OSC_RATIO
300
301		Defines the Monahans run mode to oscillator
302		ratio. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, 31. The core
303		frequency is this value multiplied by 13 MHz.
304
305		CFG_MONAHANS_TURBO_RUN_MODE_RATIO
306
307		Defines the Monahans turbo mode to oscillator
308		ratio. Valid values are 1 (default if undefined) and
309		2. The core frequency as calculated above is multiplied
310		by this value.
311
312- Linux Kernel Interface:
313		CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ
314
315		U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
316		internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
317		kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
318		bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
319		"clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
320		converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
321		Linux kernel.
322		When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
323		"clocks_in_mhz=1" is  automatically  included  in  the
324		default environment.
325
326		CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES		[relevant for MIPS only]
327
328		When transfering memsize parameter to linux, some versions
329		expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
330		Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
331
332		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT / CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
333
334		New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
335		passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
336		concepts).
337
338		CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
339		 * New libfdt-based support
340		 * Adds the "fdt" command
341		 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
342
343		CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
344		 * Deprecated, see CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
345		 * Original ft_build.c-based support
346		 * Automatically modifies the dft as part of the bootm command
347		 * The environment variable "disable_of", when set,
348		     disables this functionality.
349
350		OF_CPU - The proper name of the cpus node.
351		OF_SOC - The proper name of the soc node.
352		OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
353		OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
354
355		boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC mac addresses
356
357		CONFIG_OF_HAS_BD_T
358
359		 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt bd_t" command
360		 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
361		     will have a copy of the bd_t.  Space should be
362		     pre-allocated in the dts for the bd_t.
363
364		CONFIG_OF_HAS_UBOOT_ENV
365
366		 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt env" command
367		 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
368		     will have a copy of u-boot's environment variables
369
370		CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
371
372		Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
373		to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
374
375		CONFIG_OF_BOOT_CPU
376
377		This define fills in the correct boot cpu in the boot
378		param header, the default value is zero if undefined.
379
380- Serial Ports:
381		CFG_PL010_SERIAL
382
383		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
384
385		CFG_PL011_SERIAL
386
387		Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
388
389		CONFIG_PL011_CLOCK
390
391		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
392		the clock speed of the UARTs.
393
394		CONFIG_PL01x_PORTS
395
396		If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
397		define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
398		port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
399
400
401- Console Interface:
402		Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
403		(like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
404		CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
405		console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
406
407		Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
408		port routines must be defined elsewhere
409		(i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
410
411		CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE
412		Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
413		defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
414			VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN	graphic memory organisation
415						(default big endian)
416			VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL	graphic chip supports
417						rectangle fill
418						(cf. smiLynxEM)
419			VIDEO_HW_BITBLT		graphic chip supports
420						bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
421			VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS	visible pixel columns
422						(cols=pitch)
423			VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS	visible pixel rows
424			VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE	bytes per pixel
425			VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT	graphic data format
426						(0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
427			VIDEO_FB_ADRS		framebuffer address
428			VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT	keyboard int fct
429						(i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
430			VIDEO_TSTC_FCT		test char fct
431						(i.e. i8042_tstc)
432			VIDEO_GETC_FCT		get char fct
433						(i.e. i8042_getc)
434			CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR	cursor drawing on/off
435						(requires blink timer
436						cf. i8042.c)
437			CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
438			CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME	display time/date info in
439						upper right corner
440						(requires CONFIG_CMD_DATE)
441			CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO	display Linux logo in
442						upper left corner
443			CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO	use bmp_logo.h instead of
444						linux_logo.h for logo.
445						Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
446			CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
447						addional board info beside
448						the logo
449
450		When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
451		default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
452		environment 'console=serial'.
453
454		When CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE is defined, all console
455		messages (by U-Boot and Linux!) can be silenced with
456		the "silent" environment variable. See
457		doc/README.silent for more information.
458
459- Console Baudrate:
460		CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
461		Select one of the baudrates listed in
462		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
463		CFG_BRGCLK_PRESCALE, baudrate prescale
464
465- Interrupt driven serial port input:
466		CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
467
468		PPC405GP only.
469		Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
470		serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
471		(RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
472		bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
473
474		Leave undefined to disable this feature, including
475		disable the buffer and hardware handshake.
476
477- Console UART Number:
478		CONFIG_UART1_CONSOLE
479
480		AMCC PPC4xx only.
481		If defined internal UART1 (and not UART0) is used
482		as default U-Boot console.
483
484- Boot Delay:	CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
485		Delay before automatically booting the default image;
486		set to -1 to disable autoboot.
487
488		See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
489		work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
490		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
491		CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
492		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
493		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
494		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
495		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
496		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
497		CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
498		CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
499		CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
500
501- Autoboot Command:
502		CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
503		Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
504		define a command string that is automatically executed
505		when no character is read on the console interface
506		within "Boot Delay" after reset.
507
508		CONFIG_BOOTARGS
509		This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
510		command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
511		environment value "bootargs".
512
513		CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
514		The value of these goes into the environment as
515		"ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
516		as a convenience, when switching between booting from
517		ram and nfs.
518
519- Pre-Boot Commands:
520		CONFIG_PREBOOT
521
522		When this option is #defined, the existence of the
523		environment variable "preboot" will be checked
524		immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
525		countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
526		entering interactive mode.
527
528		This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
529		automatically generated or modified. For an example
530		see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
531		modified when the user holds down a certain
532		combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
533		booting the systems
534
535- Serial Download Echo Mode:
536		CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
537		If defined to 1, all characters received during a
538		serial download (using the "loads" command) are
539		echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
540		emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
541		time on others. This setting #define's the initial
542		value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
543
544- Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
545		CONFIG_KGDB_BAUDRATE
546		Select one of the baudrates listed in
547		CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
548
549- Monitor Functions:
550		Monitor commands can be included or excluded
551		from the build by using the #include files
552		"config_cmd_all.h" and #undef'ing unwanted
553		commands, or using "config_cmd_default.h"
554		and augmenting with additional #define's
555		for wanted commands.
556
557		The default command configuration includes all commands
558		except those marked below with a "*".
559
560		CONFIG_CMD_ASKENV	* ask for env variable
561		CONFIG_CMD_AUTOSCRIPT	  Autoscript Support
562		CONFIG_CMD_BDI		  bdinfo
563		CONFIG_CMD_BEDBUG	* Include BedBug Debugger
564		CONFIG_CMD_BMP		* BMP support
565		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board specific commands
566		CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD	  bootd
567		CONFIG_CMD_CACHE	* icache, dcache
568		CONFIG_CMD_CONSOLE	  coninfo
569		CONFIG_CMD_DATE		* support for RTC, date/time...
570		CONFIG_CMD_DHCP		* DHCP support
571		CONFIG_CMD_DIAG		* Diagnostics
572		CONFIG_CMD_DOC		* Disk-On-Chip Support
573		CONFIG_CMD_DTT		* Digital Therm and Thermostat
574		CONFIG_CMD_ECHO		  echo arguments
575		CONFIG_CMD_EEPROM	* EEPROM read/write support
576		CONFIG_CMD_ELF		* bootelf, bootvx
577		CONFIG_CMD_ENV		  saveenv
578		CONFIG_CMD_FDC		* Floppy Disk Support
579		CONFIG_CMD_FAT		* FAT partition support
580		CONFIG_CMD_FDOS		* Dos diskette Support
581		CONFIG_CMD_FLASH	  flinfo, erase, protect
582		CONFIG_CMD_FPGA		  FPGA device initialization support
583		CONFIG_CMD_HWFLOW	* RTS/CTS hw flow control
584		CONFIG_CMD_I2C		* I2C serial bus support
585		CONFIG_CMD_IDE		* IDE harddisk support
586		CONFIG_CMD_IMI		  iminfo
587		CONFIG_CMD_IMLS		  List all found images
588		CONFIG_CMD_IMMAP	* IMMR dump support
589		CONFIG_CMD_IRQ		* irqinfo
590		CONFIG_CMD_ITEST	  Integer/string test of 2 values
591		CONFIG_CMD_JFFS2	* JFFS2 Support
592		CONFIG_CMD_KGDB		* kgdb
593		CONFIG_CMD_LOADB	  loadb
594		CONFIG_CMD_LOADS	  loads
595		CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY	  md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
596					  loop, loopw, mtest
597		CONFIG_CMD_MISC		  Misc functions like sleep etc
598		CONFIG_CMD_MMC		* MMC memory mapped support
599		CONFIG_CMD_MII		* MII utility commands
600		CONFIG_CMD_NAND		* NAND support
601		CONFIG_CMD_NET		  bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
602		CONFIG_CMD_PCI		* pciinfo
603		CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA		* PCMCIA support
604		CONFIG_CMD_PING		* send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network
605					  host
606		CONFIG_CMD_PORTIO	* Port I/O
607		CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO	* Register dump
608		CONFIG_CMD_RUN		  run command in env variable
609		CONFIG_CMD_SAVES	* save S record dump
610		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI		* SCSI Support
611		CONFIG_CMD_SDRAM	* print SDRAM configuration information
612					  (requires CONFIG_CMD_I2C)
613		CONFIG_CMD_SETGETDCR	  Support for DCR Register access
614					  (4xx only)
615		CONFIG_CMD_SPI		* SPI serial bus support
616		CONFIG_CMD_USB		* USB support
617		CONFIG_CMD_VFD		* VFD support (TRAB)
618		CONFIG_CMD_BSP		* Board SPecific functions
619		CONFIG_CMD_CDP		* Cisco Discover Protocol support
620		CONFIG_CMD_FSL		* Microblaze FSL support
621
622
623		EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
624		support you can write:
625
626		#include "config_cmd_all.h"
627		#undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
628
629	Other Commands:
630		fdt (flattened device tree) command: CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
631
632	Note:	Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
633		(configuration option CONFIG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
634		what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
635		cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
636		8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
637		uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
638		systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
639		initial stack and some data.
640
641
642		XXX - this list needs to get updated!
643
644- Watchdog:
645		CONFIG_WATCHDOG
646		If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
647		support. There must be support in the platform specific
648		code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
649		SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
650		register.
651
652- U-Boot Version:
653		CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE
654		If this variable is defined, an environment variable
655		named "ver" is created by U-Boot showing the U-Boot
656		version as printed by the "version" command.
657		This variable is readonly.
658
659- Real-Time Clock:
660
661		When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
662		has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
663		following options:
664
665		CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx	- use internal RTC of MPC8xx
666		CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563	- use Philips PCF8563 RTC
667		CONFIG_RTC_MC146818	- use MC146818 RTC
668		CONFIG_RTC_DS1307	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
669		CONFIG_RTC_DS1337	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
670		CONFIG_RTC_DS1338	- use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
671		CONFIG_RTC_DS164x	- use Dallas DS164x RTC
672		CONFIG_RTC_ISL1208	- use Intersil ISL1208 RTC
673		CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900	- use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
674
675		Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
676		must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
677
678- Timestamp Support:
679
680		When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
681		(date and time) of an image is printed by image
682		commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
683		automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
684
685- Partition Support:
686		CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
687		and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
688
689		If IDE or SCSI support	is  enabled  (CONFIG_CMD_IDE or
690		CONFIG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at least
691		one partition type as well.
692
693- IDE Reset method:
694		CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
695		board configurations files but used nowhere!
696
697		CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
698		be performed by calling the function
699			ide_set_reset(int reset)
700		which has to be defined in a board specific file
701
702- ATAPI Support:
703		CONFIG_ATAPI
704
705		Set this to enable ATAPI support.
706
707- LBA48 Support
708		CONFIG_LBA48
709
710		Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
711		Also look at CFG_64BIT_LBA ,CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF and CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL
712		Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
713		support disks up to 2.1TB.
714
715		CFG_64BIT_LBA:
716			When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
717			Default is 32bit.
718
719- SCSI Support:
720		At the moment only there is only support for the
721		SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
722		CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
723
724		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
725		CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
726		CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
727		maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
728		devices.
729		CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
730
731- NETWORK Support (PCI):
732		CONFIG_E1000
733		Support for Intel 8254x gigabit chips.
734
735		CONFIG_EEPRO100
736		Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
737		Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
738		write routine for first time initialisation.
739
740		CONFIG_TULIP
741		Support for Digital 2114x chips.
742		Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
743		modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
744
745		CONFIG_NATSEMI
746		Support for National dp83815 chips.
747
748		CONFIG_NS8382X
749		Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
750
751- NETWORK Support (other):
752
753		CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96
754		Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
755
756			CONFIG_LAN91C96_BASE
757			Define this to hold the physical address
758			of the LAN91C96's I/O space
759
760			CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
761			Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
762
763		CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111
764		Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
765
766			CONFIG_SMC91111_BASE
767			Define this to hold the physical address
768			of the device (I/O space)
769
770			CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
771			Define this if data bus is 32 bits
772
773			CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
774			Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
775			(some hardware wont work with macros)
776
777- USB Support:
778		At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
779		supported (PIP405, MIP405, MPC5200); define
780		CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
781		define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
782		and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
783		storage devices.
784		Note:
785		Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
786		(TEAC FD-05PUB).
787		MPC5200 USB requires additional defines:
788			CONFIG_USB_CLOCK
789				for 528 MHz Clock: 0x0001bbbb
790			CONFIG_USB_CONFIG
791				for differential drivers: 0x00001000
792				for single ended drivers: 0x00005000
793			CFG_USB_EVENT_POLL
794				May be defined to allow interrupt polling
795				instead of using asynchronous interrupts
796
797- USB Device:
798		Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
799		Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
800		command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
801		attach your usb cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
802		it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
803		can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
804		appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
805		Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
806		If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
807		a Linux host by
808		# modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
809		else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
810		variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
811		might be defined in YourBoardName.h
812
813			CONFIG_USB_DEVICE
814			Define this to build a UDC device
815
816			CONFIG_USB_TTY
817			Define this to have a tty type of device available to
818			talk to the UDC device
819
820			CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
821			Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
822			be set to usbtty.
823
824			mpc8xx:
825				CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0xBLAH
826				Derive USB clock from external clock "blah"
827				- CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0x02
828
829				CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0xBLAH
830				Derive USB clock from brgclk
831				- CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0x04
832
833		If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
834		define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
835		or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
836		CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
837		CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
838		should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
839
840			CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
841			Define this string as the name of your company for
842			- CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
843
844			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
845			Define this string as the name of your product
846			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
847
848			CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID
849			Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
850			Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
851			to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
852			- CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
853
854			CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
855			Define this as the unique Product ID
856			for your device
857			- CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
858
859
860- MMC Support:
861		The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
862		enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
863		accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
864		to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
865		enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
866		the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
867
868- Journaling Flash filesystem support:
869		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_OFF, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_SIZE,
870		CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_DEV
871		Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
872
873		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
874		CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CFG_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
875		Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
876
877		CFG_JFFS_CUSTOM_PART
878		Define this to create an own partition. You have to provide a
879		function struct part_info* jffs2_part_info(int part_num)
880
881		If you define only one JFFS2 partition you may also want to
882		#define CFG_JFFS_SINGLE_PART	1
883		to disable the command chpart. This is the default when you
884		have not defined a custom partition
885
886- Keyboard Support:
887		CONFIG_ISA_KEYBOARD
888
889		Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
890		support
891
892		CONFIG_I8042_KBD
893		Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
894		GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
895		Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
896		for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
897
898- Video support:
899		CONFIG_VIDEO
900
901		Define this to enable video support (for output to
902		video).
903
904		CONFIG_VIDEO_CT69000
905
906		Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
907
908		CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
909		Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip. The
910		video output is selected via environment 'videoout'
911		(1 = LCD and 2 = CRT). If videoout is undefined, CRT is
912		assumed.
913
914		For the CT69000 and SMI_LYNXEM drivers, videomode is
915		selected via environment 'videomode'. Two diferent ways
916		are possible:
917		- "videomode=num"   'num' is a standard LiLo mode numbers.
918		Following standard modes are supported	(* is default):
919
920		      Colors	640x480 800x600 1024x768 1152x864 1280x1024
921		-------------+---------------------------------------------
922		      8 bits |	0x301*	0x303	 0x305	  0x161	    0x307
923		     15 bits |	0x310	0x313	 0x316	  0x162	    0x319
924		     16 bits |	0x311	0x314	 0x317	  0x163	    0x31A
925		     24 bits |	0x312	0x315	 0x318	    ?	    0x31B
926		-------------+---------------------------------------------
927		(i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
928
929		- "videomode=bootargs" all the video parameters are parsed
930		from the bootargs. (See drivers/video/videomodes.c)
931
932
933		CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
934		Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
935		and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
936		or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
937
938- Keyboard Support:
939		CONFIG_KEYBOARD
940
941		Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
942		This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
943		defined in your board-specific files.
944		The only board using this so far is RBC823.
945
946- LCD Support:	CONFIG_LCD
947
948		Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
949		display); also select one of the supported displays
950		by defining one of these:
951
952		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
953
954			NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
955
956		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
957
958			NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
959			Active, color, single scan.
960
961		CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
962
963			NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
964			Active, color, single scan.
965
966		CONFIG_SHARP_16x9
967
968			Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
969			It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
970
971		CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
972
973			Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
974			Active, color, single scan.
975
976		CONFIG_HLD1045
977
978			HLD1045 display, 640x480.
979			Active, color, single scan.
980
981		CONFIG_OPTREX_BW
982
983			Optrex	 CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
984			or
985			Hitachi	 LMG6912RPFC-00T
986			or
987			Hitachi	 SP14Q002
988
989			320x240. Black & white.
990
991		Normally display is black on white background; define
992		CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
993
994- Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
995
996		If this option is set, the environment is checked for
997		a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
998		of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
999		is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
1000		specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1001		console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1002		allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1003		loaded very quickly after power-on.
1004
1005- Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1006
1007		If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1008		images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1009		splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1010
1011- Compression support:
1012		CONFIG_BZIP2
1013
1014		If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1015		images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1016		compressed images are supported.
1017
1018		NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1019		the malloc area (as defined by CFG_MALLOC_LEN) should
1020		be at least 4MB.
1021
1022- MII/PHY support:
1023		CONFIG_PHY_ADDR
1024
1025		The address of PHY on MII bus.
1026
1027		CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1028
1029		The clock frequency of the MII bus
1030
1031		CONFIG_PHY_GIGE
1032
1033		If this option is set, support for speed/duplex
1034		detection of Gigabit PHY is included.
1035
1036		CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1037
1038		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1039		reset before any MII register access is possible.
1040		For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1041		required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1042
1043		CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1044
1045		Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1046		command issued before MII status register can be read
1047
1048- Ethernet address:
1049		CONFIG_ETHADDR
1050		CONFIG_ETH2ADDR
1051		CONFIG_ETH3ADDR
1052
1053		Define a default value for ethernet address to use
1054		for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
1055		is not determined automatically.
1056
1057- IP address:
1058		CONFIG_IPADDR
1059
1060		Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1061		the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
1062		determined through e.g. bootp.
1063
1064- Server IP address:
1065		CONFIG_SERVERIP
1066
1067		Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
1068		server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1069
1070- Multicast TFTP Mode:
1071		CONFIG_MCAST_TFTP
1072
1073		Defines whether you want to support multicast TFTP as per
1074		rfc-2090; for example to work with atftp.  Lets lots of targets
1075		tftp down the same boot image concurrently.  Note: the ethernet
1076		driver in use must provide a function: mcast() to join/leave a
1077		multicast group.
1078
1079		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1080- BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1081		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1082
1083		If you have many targets in a network that try to
1084		boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1085		systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1086		moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1087		from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1088		boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1089		CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1090		inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1091		following delays are inserted then:
1092
1093		1st BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 1 sec
1094		2nd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 2 sec
1095		3rd BOOTP request:	delay 0 ... 4 sec
1096		4th and following
1097		BOOTP requests:		delay 0 ... 8 sec
1098
1099- DHCP Advanced Options:
1100		You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1101		CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1102
1103		CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
1104		CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
1105		CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
1106		CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1107		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
1108		CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1109		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1110		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2
1111		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1112		CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1113		CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1114		CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1115
1116		CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1117		environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1118
1119		CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 - If a DHCP client requests the DNS
1120		serverip from a DHCP server, it is possible that more
1121		than one DNS serverip is offered to the client.
1122		If CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 is enabled, the secondary DNS
1123		serverip will be stored in the additional environment
1124		variable "dnsip2". The first DNS serverip is always
1125		stored in the variable "dnsip", when CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1126		is defined.
1127
1128		CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1129		to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1130		need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1131		If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1132		of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1133		option 12 to the DHCP server.
1134
1135 - CDP Options:
1136		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1137
1138		The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1139
1140		CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1141
1142		A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1143		of the device.
1144
1145		CONFIG_CDP_PORT_ID
1146
1147		A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1148		the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1149		eth0 for the first ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1150
1151		CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1152
1153		A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1154		0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1155
1156		CONFIG_CDP_VERSION
1157
1158		An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1159
1160		CONFIG_CDP_PLATFORM
1161
1162		An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1163
1164		CONFIG_CDP_TRIGGER
1165
1166		A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1167
1168		CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1169
1170		A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1171		device in .1 of milliwatts.
1172
1173		CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1174
1175		A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1176
1177- Status LED:	CONFIG_STATUS_LED
1178
1179		Several configurations allow to display the current
1180		status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1181		fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1182		soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1183		start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1184		(supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1185		kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
1186		feature in U-Boot.
1187
1188- CAN Support:	CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
1189
1190		Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
1191		on those systems that support this (optional)
1192		feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
1193
1194- I2C Support:	CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
1195
1196		These enable I2C serial bus commands. Defining either of
1197		(but not both of) CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C will
1198		include the appropriate I2C driver for the selected cpu.
1199
1200		This will allow you to use i2c commands at the u-boot
1201		command line (as long as you set CONFIG_CMD_I2C in
1202		CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c based realtime
1203		clock chips. See common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
1204		command line interface.
1205
1206		CONFIG_I2C_CMD_TREE is a recommended option that places
1207		all I2C commands under a single 'i2c' root command.  The
1208		older 'imm', 'imd', 'iprobe' etc. commands are considered
1209		deprecated and may disappear in the future.
1210
1211		CONFIG_HARD_I2C selects a hardware I2C controller.
1212
1213		CONFIG_SOFT_I2C configures u-boot to use a software (aka
1214		bit-banging) driver instead of CPM or similar hardware
1215		support for I2C.
1216
1217		There are several other quantities that must also be
1218		defined when you define CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C.
1219
1220		In both cases you will need to define CFG_I2C_SPEED
1221		to be the frequency (in Hz) at which you wish your i2c bus
1222		to run and CFG_I2C_SLAVE to be the address of this node (ie
1223		the cpu's i2c node address).
1224
1225		Now, the u-boot i2c code for the mpc8xx (cpu/mpc8xx/i2c.c)
1226		sets the cpu up as a master node and so its address should
1227		therefore be cleared to 0 (See, eg, MPC823e User's Manual
1228		p.16-473). So, set CFG_I2C_SLAVE to 0.
1229
1230		That's all that's required for CONFIG_HARD_I2C.
1231
1232		If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
1233		then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1234		from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1235
1236		I2C_INIT
1237
1238		(Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1239		controller or configure ports.
1240
1241		eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=	PB_SCL)
1242
1243		I2C_PORT
1244
1245		(Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
1246		assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
1247		are 0..3 for ports A..D.
1248
1249		I2C_ACTIVE
1250
1251		The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1252		(driven).  If the data line is open collector, this
1253		define can be null.
1254
1255		eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |=  PB_SDA)
1256
1257		I2C_TRISTATE
1258
1259		The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1260		(inactive).  If the data line is open collector, this
1261		define can be null.
1262
1263		eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1264
1265		I2C_READ
1266
1267		Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
1268		FALSE if it is low.
1269
1270		eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1271
1272		I2C_SDA(bit)
1273
1274		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1275		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1276
1277		eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1278			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SDA; \
1279			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1280
1281		I2C_SCL(bit)
1282
1283		If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1284		is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1285
1286		eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1287			if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |=  PB_SCL; \
1288			else	immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1289
1290		I2C_DELAY
1291
1292		This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1293		controls the rate of data transfer.  The data rate thus
1294		is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1295		like:
1296
1297		#define I2C_DELAY  udelay(2)
1298
1299		CFG_I2C_INIT_BOARD
1300
1301		When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1302		chips might think that the current transfer is still
1303		in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1304		the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1305		processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1306		connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1307		custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1308		is run early in the boot sequence.
1309
1310		CONFIG_I2CFAST (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
1311
1312		This option enables configuration of bi_iic_fast[] flags
1313		in u-boot bd_info structure based on u-boot environment
1314		variable "i2cfast". (see also i2cfast)
1315
1316		CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1317
1318		This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1319		must have a controller.  At any point in time, only one bus is
1320		active.  To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1321		Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1322
1323		CFG_I2C_NOPROBES
1324
1325		This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1326		when the 'i2c probe' command is issued (or 'iprobe' using the legacy
1327		command).  If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS is set, specify a list of bus-device
1328		pairs.  Otherwise, specify a 1D array of device addresses
1329
1330		e.g.
1331			#undef	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1332			#define CFG_I2C_NOPROBES	{0x50,0x68}
1333
1334		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1335
1336			#define	CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1337			#define CFG_I2C_MULTI_NOPROBES	{{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1338
1339		will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1340
1341		CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
1342
1343		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1344		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1345
1346		CFG_RTC_BUS_NUM
1347
1348		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1349		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1350
1351		CFG_DTT_BUS_NUM
1352
1353		If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the DTT.
1354		If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that DTT is on I2C bus 0.
1355
1356		CONFIG_FSL_I2C
1357
1358		Define this option if you want to use Freescale's I2C driver in
1359		drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c.
1360
1361
1362- SPI Support:	CONFIG_SPI
1363
1364		Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1365		SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1366		D/As on the SACSng board)
1367
1368		CONFIG_SPI_X
1369
1370		Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
1371		(symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
1372
1373		CONFIG_SOFT_SPI
1374
1375		Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1376		using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1377		driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1378		(two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1379		defined, the board configuration must define several
1380		SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1381		an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1382
1383		CONFIG_HARD_SPI
1384
1385		Enables a hardware SPI driver for general-purpose reads
1386		and writes.  As with CONFIG_SOFT_SPI, the board configuration
1387		must define a list of chip-select function pointers.
1388		Currently supported on some MPC8xxx processors.  For an
1389		example, see include/configs/mpc8349emds.h.
1390
1391- FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1392
1393		Enables FPGA subsystem.
1394
1395		CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1396
1397		Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1398		(ALTERA, XILINX)
1399
1400		CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1401
1402		Enables support for FPGA family.
1403		(SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1404
1405		CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1406
1407		Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1408
1409		CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1410
1411		Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1412
1413		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_BUSY
1414
1415		Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1416		status by the configuration function. This option
1417		will require a board or device specific function to
1418		be written.
1419
1420		CONFIG_FPGA_DELAY
1421
1422		If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1423		configuration driver.
1424
1425		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1426		Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1427
1428		CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1429
1430		Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1431		loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1432		configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1433		indicated a CRC error).
1434
1435		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_INIT
1436
1437		Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1438		after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1439		FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1440		mS.
1441
1442		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_BUSY
1443
1444		Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1445		Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1446
1447		CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1448
1449		Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1450		200 mS.
1451
1452- Configuration Management:
1453		CONFIG_IDENT_STRING
1454
1455		If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1456		version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1457
1458- Vendor Parameter Protection:
1459
1460		U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1461		variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1462		"ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
1463		are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1464		protects these variables from casual modification by
1465		the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1466		and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1467		change this behviour:
1468
1469		If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1470		file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1471		completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1472		these parameters.
1473
1474		Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1475		_and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1476		ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1477		which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1478		serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1479		read-only.]
1480
1481- Protected RAM:
1482		CONFIG_PRAM
1483
1484		Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1485		"protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1486		by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1487		kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1488		this default value by defining an environment
1489		variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1490		reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1491		still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1492		reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1493		automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1494		remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1495		argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1496
1497			setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
1498			saveenv
1499
1500		This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1501		either, which results in a memory region that will
1502		not be affected by reboots.
1503
1504		*WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1505		detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1506		this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1507		following board configurations are known to be
1508		"pRAM-clean":
1509
1510			ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1511			HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1512			PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1513
1514- Error Recovery:
1515		CONFIG_PANIC_HANG
1516
1517		Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1518		fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1519		This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1520		system where you want to system to reboot
1521		automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1522		useful during development since you can try to debug
1523		the conditions that lead to the situation.
1524
1525		CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1526
1527		This variable defines the number of retries for
1528		network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1529		before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1530		default value of 5 is used.
1531
1532- Command Interpreter:
1533		CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
1534
1535		Enable auto completion of commands using TAB.
1536
1537		Note that this feature has NOT been implemented yet
1538		for the "hush" shell.
1539
1540
1541		CFG_HUSH_PARSER
1542
1543		Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1544		Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1545		powerful command line syntax like
1546		if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1547		constructs ("shell scripts").
1548
1549		If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1550		with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1551
1552
1553		CFG_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2
1554
1555		This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1556		printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1557		to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1558
1559	Note:
1560
1561		In the current implementation, the local variables
1562		space and global environment variables space are
1563		separated. Local variables are those you define by
1564		simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
1565		variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1566		`${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
1567		directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
1568
1569		Global environment variables are those you use
1570		setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1571		in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1572		and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1573
1574		To store commands and special characters in a
1575		variable, please use double quotation marks
1576		surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1577		of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1578		symbols.
1579
1580- Commandline Editing and History:
1581		CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
1582
1583		Enable editiong and History functions for interactive
1584		commandline input operations
1585
1586- Default Environment:
1587		CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1588
1589		Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1590		strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1591		the default environment compiled into the boot image.
1592
1593		For example, place something like this in your
1594		board's config file:
1595
1596		#define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1597			"myvar1=value1\0" \
1598			"myvar2=value2\0"
1599
1600		Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1601		internal format how the environment is stored by the
1602		U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1603		interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1604		will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
1605		You better know what you are doing here.
1606
1607		Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1608		discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1609		the environment like the autoscript function or the
1610		boot command first.
1611
1612- DataFlash Support:
1613		CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
1614
1615		Defining this option enables DataFlash features and
1616		allows to read/write in Dataflash via the standard
1617		commands cp, md...
1618
1619- SystemACE Support:
1620		CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1621
1622		Adding this option adds support for Xilinx SystemACE
1623		chips attached via some sort of local bus. The address
1624		of the chip must alsh be defined in the
1625		CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE macro. For example:
1626
1627		#define CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1628		#define CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE 0xf0000000
1629
1630		When SystemACE support is added, the "ace" device type
1631		becomes available to the fat commands, i.e. fatls.
1632
1633- TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
1634		CONFIG_TFTP_PORT
1635
1636		If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
1637		is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
1638		If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
1639		number generator is used.
1640
1641		Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
1642		the TFTP UDP destination port value.  If tftpdstp isn't
1643		defined, the normal port 69 is used.
1644
1645		The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
1646		blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
1647		target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
1648		"punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
1649		the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
1650		A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
1651		but sometimes that is not allowed.
1652
1653- Show boot progress:
1654		CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1655
1656		Defining this option allows to add some board-
1657		specific code (calling a user-provided function
1658		"show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1659		the system's boot progress on some display (for
1660		example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1661		the following checkpoints are implemented:
1662
1663Legacy uImage format:
1664
1665  Arg	Where			When
1666    1	common/cmd_bootm.c	before attempting to boot an image
1667   -1	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 magic number
1668    2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct magic number
1669   -2	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1670    3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image header has correct checksum
1671   -3	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has bad	 checksum
1672    4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image data   has correct checksum
1673   -4	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image is for unsupported architecture
1674    5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1675   -5	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi)
1676    6	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image Type check OK
1677   -6	common/cmd_bootm.c	gunzip uncompression error
1678   -7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unimplemented compression type
1679    7	common/cmd_bootm.c	Uncompression OK
1680    8	common/cmd_bootm.c	No uncompress/copy overwrite error
1681   -9	common/cmd_bootm.c	Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1682
1683    9	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1684  -10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   magic number
1685  -11	common/image.c		Ramdisk header has bad	   checksum
1686   10	common/image.c		Ramdisk header is OK
1687  -12	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has bad	   checksum
1688   11	common/image.c		Ramdisk data   has correct checksum
1689   12	common/image.c		Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1690  -13	common/image.c		Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1691   13	common/image.c		Start multifile image verification
1692   14	common/image.c		No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1693
1694   15	lib_<arch>/bootm.c	All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1695
1696  -30	lib_ppc/board.c		Fatal error, hang the system
1697  -31	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
1698  -32	post/post.c		POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
1699
1700   34	common/cmd_doc.c	before loading a Image from a DOC device
1701  -35	common/cmd_doc.c	Bad usage of "doc" command
1702   35	common/cmd_doc.c	correct usage of "doc" command
1703  -36	common/cmd_doc.c	No boot device
1704   36	common/cmd_doc.c	correct boot device
1705  -37	common/cmd_doc.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1706   37	common/cmd_doc.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1707  -38	common/cmd_doc.c	Read Error on boot device
1708   38	common/cmd_doc.c	reading Image header from DOC device OK
1709  -39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has bad magic number
1710   39	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1711  -40	common/cmd_doc.c	Error reading Image from DOC device
1712   40	common/cmd_doc.c	Image header has correct magic number
1713   41	common/cmd_ide.c	before loading a Image from a IDE device
1714  -42	common/cmd_ide.c	Bad usage of "ide" command
1715   42	common/cmd_ide.c	correct usage of "ide" command
1716  -43	common/cmd_ide.c	No boot device
1717   43	common/cmd_ide.c	boot device found
1718  -44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device not available
1719   44	common/cmd_ide.c	Device available
1720  -45	common/cmd_ide.c	wrong partition selected
1721   45	common/cmd_ide.c	partition selected
1722  -46	common/cmd_ide.c	Unknown partition table
1723   46	common/cmd_ide.c	valid partition table found
1724  -47	common/cmd_ide.c	Invalid partition type
1725   47	common/cmd_ide.c	correct partition type
1726  -48	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1727   48	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image Header from IDE device OK
1728  -49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad magic number
1729   49	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct magic number
1730  -50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has bad	 checksum
1731   50	common/cmd_ide.c	Image header has correct checksum
1732  -51	common/cmd_ide.c	Error reading Image from IDE device
1733   51	common/cmd_ide.c	reading Image from IDE device OK
1734   52	common/cmd_nand.c	before loading a Image from a NAND device
1735  -53	common/cmd_nand.c	Bad usage of "nand" command
1736   53	common/cmd_nand.c	correct usage of "nand" command
1737  -54	common/cmd_nand.c	No boot device
1738   54	common/cmd_nand.c	boot device found
1739  -55	common/cmd_nand.c	Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1740   55	common/cmd_nand.c	correct chip ID found, device available
1741  -56	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image Header on boot device
1742   56	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image Header from NAND device OK
1743  -57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has bad magic number
1744   57	common/cmd_nand.c	Image header has correct magic number
1745  -58	common/cmd_nand.c	Error reading Image from NAND device
1746   58	common/cmd_nand.c	reading Image from NAND device OK
1747
1748  -60	common/env_common.c	Environment has a bad CRC, using default
1749
1750   64	net/eth.c		starting with Ethernetconfiguration.
1751  -64	net/eth.c		no Ethernet found.
1752   65	net/eth.c		Ethernet found.
1753
1754  -80	common/cmd_net.c	usage wrong
1755   80	common/cmd_net.c	before calling NetLoop()
1756  -81	common/cmd_net.c	some error in NetLoop() occured
1757   81	common/cmd_net.c	NetLoop() back without error
1758  -82	common/cmd_net.c	size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
1759   82	common/cmd_net.c	trying automatic boot
1760   83	common/cmd_net.c	running autoscript
1761  -83	common/cmd_net.c	some error in automatic boot or autoscript
1762   84	common/cmd_net.c	end without errors
1763
1764FIT uImage format:
1765
1766  Arg	Where			When
1767  100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has correct format
1768 -100	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel FIT Image has incorrect format
1769  101	common/cmd_bootm.c	No Kernel subimage unit name, using configuration
1770 -101	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get configuration for kernel subimage
1771  102	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel unit name specified
1772 -103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage node offset
1773  103	common/cmd_bootm.c	Found configuration node
1774  104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage node offset
1775 -104	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification failed
1776  105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage hash verification OK
1777 -105	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage is for unsupported architecture
1778  106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Architecture check OK
1779 -106	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimage has wrong typea
1780  107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Kernel subimge type OK
1781 -107	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage data/size
1782  108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Got kernel subimage data/size
1783 -108	common/cmd_bootm.c	Wrong image type (not legacy, FIT)
1784 -109	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage type
1785 -110	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage comp
1786 -111	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage os
1787 -112	common/cmd_bootm.c	Can't get kernel subimage load address
1788 -113	common/cmd_bootm.c	Image uncompress/copy overwrite error
1789
1790  120	common/image.c		Start initial ramdisk verification
1791 -120	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has incorrect format
1792  121	common/image.c		Ramdisk FIT image has correct format
1793  122	common/image.c		No Ramdisk subimage unit name, using configuration
1794 -122	common/image.c		Can't get configuration for ramdisk subimage
1795  123	common/image.c		Ramdisk unit name specified
1796 -124	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage node offset
1797  125	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage node offset
1798 -125	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification failed
1799  126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage hash verification OK
1800 -126	common/image.c		Ramdisk subimage for unsupported architecture
1801  127	common/image.c		Architecture check OK
1802 -127	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk subimage data/size
1803  128	common/image.c		Got ramdisk subimage data/size
1804  129	common/image.c		Can't get ramdisk load address
1805 -129	common/image.c		Got ramdisk load address
1806
1807 -130	common/cmd_doc.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1808  131	common/cmd_doc.c	FIT image format OK
1809
1810 -140	common/cmd_ide.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1811  141	common/cmd_ide.c	FIT image format OK
1812
1813 -150	common/cmd_nand.c	Icorrect FIT image format
1814  151	common/cmd_nand.c	FIT image format OK
1815
1816
1817Modem Support:
1818--------------
1819
1820[so far only for SMDK2400 and TRAB boards]
1821
1822- Modem support endable:
1823		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1824
1825- RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1826		CONFIG_HWFLOW
1827
1828- Modem debug support:
1829		CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1830
1831		Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1832		for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1833
1834- Interrupt support (PPC):
1835
1836		There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
1837		for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
1838		for cpu specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
1839		should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
1840		cpu resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
1841		(ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
1842		timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for cpu
1843		specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
1844		/ other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
1845		general timer_interrupt().
1846
1847- General:
1848
1849		In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1850		specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1851		power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1852		(autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1853		board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1854		function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1855		initialization.
1856
1857		If there are no modem init strings in the
1858		environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1859		previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1860		supressed, though.
1861
1862		See also: doc/README.Modem
1863
1864
1865Configuration Settings:
1866-----------------------
1867
1868- CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1869		undefine this when you're short of memory.
1870
1871- CFG_PROMPT:	This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1872		prompt for user input.
1873
1874- CFG_CBSIZE:	Buffer size for input from the Console
1875
1876- CFG_PBSIZE:	Buffer size for Console output
1877
1878- CFG_MAXARGS:	max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1879
1880- CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1881		the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1882		booted
1883
1884- CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1885		List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1886
1887- CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1888		Suppress display of console information at boot.
1889
1890- CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1891		If the board specific function
1892			extern int overwrite_console (void);
1893		returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1894		serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1895
1896- CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1897		Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1898
1899- CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1900		Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1901
1902- CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1903		Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1904		simple memory test.
1905
1906- CFG_ALT_MEMTEST:
1907		Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1908
1909- CFG_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
1910		Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
1911		You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
1912
1913- CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1914		Default load address for network file downloads
1915
1916- CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1917		Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1918
1919- CFG_SDRAM_BASE:
1920		Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1921
1922- CFG_MBIO_BASE:
1923		Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1924		Cogent motherboard)
1925
1926- CFG_FLASH_BASE:
1927		Physical start address of Flash memory.
1928
1929- CFG_MONITOR_BASE:
1930		Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1931		make config files to be same as the text base address
1932		(TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1933		CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1934
1935- CFG_MONITOR_LEN:
1936		Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
1937		determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
1938		embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
1939		flash sector.
1940
1941- CFG_MALLOC_LEN:
1942		Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1943
1944- CFG_BOOTM_LEN:
1945		Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
1946		uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
1947		you can define CFG_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
1948		to adjust this setting to your needs.
1949
1950- CFG_BOOTMAPSZ:
1951		Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
1952		the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
1953		the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, eventually
1954		initrd image) must be put below this limit.
1955
1956- CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
1957		Max number of Flash memory banks
1958
1959- CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
1960		Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
1961
1962- CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
1963		Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
1964
1965- CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
1966		Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
1967
1968- CFG_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
1969		Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
1970
1971- CFG_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
1972		Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
1973
1974- CFG_FLASH_PROTECTION
1975		If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
1976		instead of U-Boot software protection.
1977
1978- CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
1979
1980		Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
1981		without this option such a download has to be
1982		performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
1983		copy from RAM to flash.
1984
1985		The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
1986		you can check if the download worked before you erase
1987		the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
1988		too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
1989		downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
1990
1991- CFG_FLASH_CFI:
1992		Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
1993		common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
1994
1995- CFG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
1996		This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
1997		in the drivers directory
1998
1999- CFG_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
2000		If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
2001		print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
2002		is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
2003		optionally available.
2004
2005- CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS
2006		If defined (must be an integer), print out countdown
2007		digits and dots.  Recommended value: 45 (9..1) for 80
2008		column displays, 15 (3..1) for 40 column displays.
2009
2010- CFG_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
2011		Defines the number of ethernet receive buffers. On some
2012		ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
2013		to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
2014		buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
2015		on high ethernet traffic.
2016		Defaults to 4 if not defined.
2017
2018The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
2019of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
2020following configurations:
2021
2022- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
2023
2024	Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
2025
2026	a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
2027	   "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
2028	   happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
2029	   sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
2030	   sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
2031	   layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
2032	   such a case you would place the environment in one of the
2033	   4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
2034	   "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
2035	   environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
2036	   between U-Boot and the environment.
2037
2038	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2039
2040	   Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
2041	   beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
2042	   type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
2043	   for this sector is given here.
2044
2045	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
2046
2047	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2048
2049	   This is just another way to specify the start address of
2050	   the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
2051	   CFG_ENV_OFFSET).
2052
2053	- CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
2054
2055	   Size of the sector containing the environment.
2056
2057
2058	b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
2059	   In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
2060	   the environment.
2061
2062	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2063
2064	   If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
2065	   and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
2066	   of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
2067	   memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
2068
2069	   It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
2070	   when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
2071	   since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
2072	   for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
2073	   STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
2074	   updating the environment in flash makes it always
2075	   necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
2076	   wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
2077	   RAM, your target system will be dead.
2078
2079	- CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
2080	  CFG_ENV_SIZE_REDUND
2081
2082	   These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
2083	   a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
2084	   a valid backup copy in case there is a power failure during
2085	   a "saveenv" operation.
2086
2087BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
2088source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
2089accordingly!
2090
2091
2092- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
2093
2094	Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
2095	(NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
2096	environment.
2097
2098	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2099	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2100
2101	  These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
2102	  want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
2103	  can just be read and written to, without any special
2104	  provision.
2105
2106BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2107in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2108console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
2109U-Boot will hang.
2110
2111Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2112environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2113keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2114to save the current settings.
2115
2116
2117- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
2118
2119	Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
2120	device and a driver for it.
2121
2122	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2123	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2124
2125	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
2126	  environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
2127
2128	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
2129	  If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
2130	  The default address is zero.
2131
2132	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
2133	  If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
2134	  single page in the EEPROM device.  A 64 byte page, for example
2135	  would require six bits.
2136
2137	- CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
2138	  If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
2139	  page writes.	The default is zero milliseconds.
2140
2141	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
2142	  The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address.  Note
2143	  that this is NOT the chip address length!
2144
2145	- CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_OVERFLOW:
2146	  EEPROM chips that implement "address overflow" are ones
2147	  like Catalyst 24WC04/08/16 which has 9/10/11 bits of
2148	  address and the extra bits end up in the "chip address" bit
2149	  slots. This makes a 24WC08 (1Kbyte) chip look like four 256
2150	  byte chips.
2151
2152	  Note that we consider the length of the address field to
2153	  still be one byte because the extra address bits are hidden
2154	  in the chip address.
2155
2156	- CFG_EEPROM_SIZE:
2157	  The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
2158
2159
2160- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_DATAFLASH:
2161
2162	Define this if you have a DataFlash memory device which you
2163	want to use for the environment.
2164
2165	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2166	- CFG_ENV_ADDR:
2167	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2168
2169	  These three #defines specify the offset and size of the
2170	  environment area within the total memory of your DataFlash placed
2171	  at the specified address.
2172
2173- CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:
2174
2175	Define this if you have a NAND device which you want to use
2176	for the environment.
2177
2178	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET:
2179	- CFG_ENV_SIZE:
2180
2181	  These two #defines specify the offset and size of the environment
2182	  area within the first NAND device.
2183
2184	- CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
2185
2186	  This setting describes a second storage area of CFG_ENV_SIZE
2187	  size used to hold a redundant copy of the environment data,
2188	  so that there is a valid backup copy in case there is a
2189	  power failure during a "saveenv" operation.
2190
2191	Note: CFG_ENV_OFFSET and CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND must be aligned
2192	to a block boundary, and CFG_ENV_SIZE must be a multiple of
2193	the NAND devices block size.
2194
2195- CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
2196
2197	Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
2198	area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
2199	is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
2200	scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
2201	calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
2202	to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
2203	start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
2204
2205Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
2206has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
2207created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
2208until then to read environment variables.
2209
2210The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
2211is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
2212with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
2213necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
2214"baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
2215have any device yet where we could complain.]
2216
2217Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
2218the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
2219use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
2220
2221- CFG_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
2222		Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
2223
2224		Note: If this option is active, then CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR
2225		      also needs to be defined.
2226
2227- CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
2228		MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
2229
2230- CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF:
2231		Makes vsprintf (and all *printf functions) support printing
2232		of 64bit values by using the L quantifier
2233
2234- CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL:
2235		Adds simple_strtoull that returns a 64bit value
2236
2237Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
2238---------------------------------------------------
2239
2240- CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
2241		Cache Line Size of the CPU.
2242
2243- CFG_DEFAULT_IMMR:
2244		Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
2245
2246		Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS, PQ2FADS-ZU,
2247		and RPXsuper) to be able to adjust the position of
2248		the IMMR register after a reset.
2249
2250- Floppy Disk Support:
2251		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
2252
2253		the default drive number (default value 0)
2254
2255		CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE
2256
2257		defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
2258		(default value 1)
2259
2260		CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET
2261
2262		defines the offset of register from address. It
2263		depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
2264		the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
2265
2266		If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
2267		CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
2268		default value.
2269
2270		if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
2271		fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
2272		setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
2273		source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
2274		initializations.
2275
2276- CFG_IMMR:	Physical address of the Internal Memory.
2277		DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
2278		doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx/82xx systems only]
2279
2280- CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
2281
2282		Start address of memory area that can be used for
2283		initial data and stack; please note that this must be
2284		writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
2285		initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
2286		will become available only after programming the
2287		memory controller and running certain initialization
2288		sequences.
2289
2290		U-Boot uses the following memory types:
2291		- MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
2292		- MPC824X: data cache
2293		- PPC4xx:  data cache
2294
2295- CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
2296
2297		Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
2298		area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
2299		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
2300		data is located at the end of the available space
2301		(sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
2302		CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
2303		below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
2304		CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
2305
2306	Note:
2307		On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
2308		cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
2309		CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
2310		point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
2311		the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
2312
2313- CFG_SIUMCR:	SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
2314
2315- CFG_SYPCR:	System Protection Control (11-9)
2316
2317- CFG_TBSCR:	Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
2318
2319- CFG_PISCR:	Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
2320
2321- CFG_PLPRCR:	PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
2322
2323- CFG_SCCR:	System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
2324
2325- CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
2326		SDRAM timing
2327
2328- CFG_MAMR_PTA:
2329		periodic timer for refresh
2330
2331- CFG_DER:	Debug Event Register (37-47)
2332
2333- FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
2334  CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
2335  CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
2336  CFG_BR1_PRELIM:
2337		Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
2338
2339- SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
2340  CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
2341  CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
2342		Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
2343
2344- CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
2345  CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
2346		Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
2347		Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
2348
2349- CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2350		enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2351		define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
2352
2353- CFG_SMC_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SMC_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2354		enable SMC microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2355		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SMC1]
2356
2357- CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2358		enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2359		define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
2360
2361- CFG_USE_OSCCLK:
2362		Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
2363		wrong setting might damage your board. Read
2364		doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
2365
2366- CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
2367		Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
2368		(Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
2369		#define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
2370		cpm_8260.h.
2371
2372- CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_BUS, CFG_PICMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2373  CFG_PCI_MSTR0_LOCAL, CFG_PCIMSK0_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR1_LOCAL,
2374  CFG_PCIMSK1_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_BUS,
2375  CFG_CPU_PCI_MEM_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_SIZE, CFG_POCMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2376  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_BUS, CPU_PCI_MEMIO_START,
2377  CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_SIZE, CFG_POCMR1_MASK_ATTRIB, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_LOCAL,
2378  CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_BUS, CFG_CPU_PCI_IO_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_SIZE,
2379  CFG_POCMR2_MASK_ATTRIB: (MPC826x only)
2380		Overrides the default PCI memory map in cpu/mpc8260/pci.c if set.
2381
2382- CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM
2383		Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM.  Common with pluggable
2384		memory modules such as SODIMMs
2385  SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS
2386		I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
2387
2388- CFG_SPD_BUS_NUM
2389		If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first one, specify here.
2390		Note that the value must resolve to something your driver can deal with.
2391
2392- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2393		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2394		using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2395
2396- CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2397		Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2398		using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2399
2400- CONFIG_ETHER_ON_FEC[12]
2401		Define to enable FEC[12] on a 8xx series processor.
2402
2403- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY
2404		Define to the hardcoded PHY address which corresponds
2405		to the given FEC; i. e.
2406			#define CONFIG_FEC1_PHY 4
2407		means that the PHY with address 4 is connected to FEC1
2408
2409		When set to -1, means to probe for first available.
2410
2411- CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY_NORXERR
2412		The PHY does not have a RXERR line (RMII only).
2413		(so program the FEC to ignore it).
2414
2415- CONFIG_RMII
2416		Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
2417		Note that this is a global option, we can't
2418		have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
2419
2420- CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
2421		Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
2422		The syntax is:
2423
2424		=> crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
2425
2426		Where address/count indicate a memory area
2427		and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
2428		area should have.
2429
2430- CONFIG_LOOPW
2431		Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
2432		the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2433
2434- CONFIG_MX_CYCLIC
2435		Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
2436		"md/mw" commands.
2437		Examples:
2438
2439		=> mdc.b 10 4 500
2440		This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
2441
2442		=> mwc.l 100 12345678 10
2443		This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
2444
2445		This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
2446		globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2447
2448- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
2449- CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
2450
2451		[ARM only] If these variables are defined, then
2452		certain low level initializations (like setting up
2453		the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does
2454		not relocate itself into RAM.
2455		Normally these variables MUST NOT be defined. The
2456		only exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by
2457		some other boot loader or by a debugger which
2458		performs these intializations itself.
2459
2460
2461Building the Software:
2462======================
2463
2464Building U-Boot has been tested in native PPC environments (on a
2465PowerBook G3 running LinuxPPC 2000) and in cross environments
2466(running RedHat 6.x and 7.x Linux on x86, Solaris 2.6 on a SPARC, and
2467NetBSD 1.5 on x86).
2468
2469If you are not using a native PPC environment, it is assumed that you
2470have the GNU cross compiling tools available in your path and named
2471with a prefix of "powerpc-linux-". If this is not the case, (e.g. if
2472you are using Monta Vista's Hard Hat Linux CDK 1.2) you must change
2473the definition of CROSS_COMPILE in Makefile. For HHL on a 4xx CPU,
2474change it to:
2475
2476	CROSS_COMPILE = ppc_4xx-
2477
2478
2479U-Boot is intended to be  simple  to  build.  After  installing	 the
2480sources	 you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
2481is done by typing:
2482
2483	make NAME_config
2484
2485where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing
2486configurations; see the main Makefile for supported names.
2487
2488Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
2489      additional information is available from the board vendor; for
2490      instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
2491      or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
2492      when chosing the configuration, i. e.
2493
2494      make TQM823L_config
2495	- will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
2496
2497      make TQM823L_LCD_config
2498	- will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
2499
2500      etc.
2501
2502
2503Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
2504images ready for download to / installation on your system:
2505
2506- "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
2507- "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
2508- "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
2509
2510By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
2511in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
2512this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
2513
25141. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
2515
2516	make O=/tmp/build distclean
2517	make O=/tmp/build NAME_config
2518	make O=/tmp/build all
2519
25202. Set environment variable BUILD_DIR to point to the desired location:
2521
2522	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2523	make distclean
2524	make NAME_config
2525	make all
2526
2527Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the BUILD_DIR environment
2528variable.
2529
2530
2531Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
2532for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
2533native "make".
2534
2535
2536If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
2537to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
2538steps:
2539
25401.  Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
2541    "Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing
2542    entries as examples. Note that here and at many other places
2543    boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please
2544    keep this order.
25452.  Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
2546    files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
2547    the "Makefile", a "<board>.c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".
25483.  Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
2549    your board
25503.  If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
2551    directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
25524.  Run "make <board>_config" with your new name.
25535.  Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
2554    to be installed on your target system.
25556.  Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
2556    [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
2557
2558
2559Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
2560==============================================================
2561
2562If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new	board
2563or  support  for  new  devices,	 a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
2564provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
2565the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
2566official or latest in CVS) version of U-Boot sources.
2567
2568But before you submit such a patch, please verify that	your  modifi-
2569cation	did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
2570the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
2571just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
2572for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You  can
2573select	which  (cross)	compiler  to use by passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
2574environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the cross tools from
2575MontaVista's Hard Hat Linux you can type
2576
2577	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2578
2579or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
2580
2581	CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
2582
2583When using the MAKEALL script, the default behaviour is to build U-Boot
2584in the source directory. This location can be changed by setting the
2585BUILD_DIR environment variable. Also, for each target built, the MAKEALL
2586script saves two log files (<target>.ERR and <target>.MAKEALL) in the
2587<source dir>/LOG directory. This default location can be changed by
2588setting the MAKEALL_LOGDIR environment variable. For example:
2589
2590	export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2591	export MAKEALL_LOGDIR=/tmp/log
2592	CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2593
2594With the above settings build objects are saved in the /tmp/build, log
2595files are saved in the /tmp/log and the source tree remains clean during
2596the whole build process.
2597
2598
2599See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
2600
2601
2602Monitor Commands - Overview:
2603============================
2604
2605go	- start application at address 'addr'
2606run	- run commands in an environment variable
2607bootm	- boot application image from memory
2608bootp	- boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
2609tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
2610	       and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
2611	       (and eventually "gatewayip")
2612rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
2613diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd   - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
2614loads	- load S-Record file over serial line
2615loadb	- load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
2616md	- memory display
2617mm	- memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2618nm	- memory modify (constant address)
2619mw	- memory write (fill)
2620cp	- memory copy
2621cmp	- memory compare
2622crc32	- checksum calculation
2623imd	- i2c memory display
2624imm	- i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2625inm	- i2c memory modify (constant address)
2626imw	- i2c memory write (fill)
2627icrc32	- i2c checksum calculation
2628iprobe	- probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
2629iloop	- infinite loop on address range
2630isdram	- print SDRAM configuration information
2631sspi	- SPI utility commands
2632base	- print or set address offset
2633printenv- print environment variables
2634setenv	- set environment variables
2635saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
2636protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
2637erase	- erase FLASH memory
2638flinfo	- print FLASH memory information
2639bdinfo	- print Board Info structure
2640iminfo	- print header information for application image
2641coninfo - print console devices and informations
2642ide	- IDE sub-system
2643loop	- infinite loop on address range
2644loopw	- infinite write loop on address range
2645mtest	- simple RAM test
2646icache	- enable or disable instruction cache
2647dcache	- enable or disable data cache
2648reset	- Perform RESET of the CPU
2649echo	- echo args to console
2650version - print monitor version
2651help	- print online help
2652?	- alias for 'help'
2653
2654
2655Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
2656========================================
2657
2658TODO.
2659
2660For now: just type "help <command>".
2661
2662
2663Environment Variables:
2664======================
2665
2666U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
2667can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
2668
2669Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
2670"printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
2671without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
2672environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
2673working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
2674environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
2675
2676Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
2677
2678  baudrate	- see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
2679
2680  bootdelay	- see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
2681
2682  bootcmd	- see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
2683
2684  bootargs	- Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
2685
2686  bootfile	- Name of the image to load with TFTP
2687
2688  autoload	- if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
2689		  "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
2690		  configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
2691		  load any image using TFTP
2692
2693  autoscript	- if set to "yes" commands like "loadb", "loady",
2694		  "bootp", "tftpb", "rarpboot" and "nfs" will attempt
2695		  to automatically run script images (by internally
2696		  calling "autoscript").
2697
2698  autoscript_uname - if script image is in a format (FIT) this
2699		     variable is used to get script subimage unit name.
2700
2701  autostart	- if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
2702		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
2703		  be automatically started (by internally calling
2704		  "bootm")
2705
2706		  If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
2707		  "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
2708		  (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
2709		  This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
2710		  data.
2711
2712  i2cfast	- (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
2713		  if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
2714		  mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
2715		  initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
2716		  it must be saved and board must be reset.
2717
2718  initrd_high	- restrict positioning of initrd images:
2719		  If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
2720		  copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
2721		  is usually what you want since it allows for
2722		  maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
2723		  make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
2724		  CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
2725		  variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
2726		  Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
2727		  address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
2728		  does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
2729
2730		  For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
2731		  RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
2732		  you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
2733		  the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
2734		  sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
2735		  12 MB as well - this can be done with
2736
2737		  setenv initrd_high 00c00000
2738
2739		  If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
2740		  indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
2741		  for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
2742		  memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
2743		  ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
2744		  boot time on your system, but requires that this
2745		  feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
2746
2747  ipaddr	- IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2748
2749  loadaddr	- Default load address for commands like "bootp",
2750		  "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
2751
2752  loads_echo	- see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
2753
2754  serverip	- TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2755
2756  bootretry	- see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
2757
2758  bootdelaykey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
2759
2760  bootstopkey	- see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
2761
2762  ethprime	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2763		  interface is used first.
2764
2765  ethact	- When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2766		  interface is currently active. For example you
2767		  can do the following
2768
2769		  => setenv ethact FEC ETHERNET
2770		  => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC ETHERNET
2771		  => setenv ethact SCC ETHERNET
2772		  => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC ETHERNET
2773
2774  ethrotate	- When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
2775		  available network interfaces.
2776		  It just stays at the currently selected interface.
2777
2778   netretry	- When set to "no" each network operation will
2779		  either succeed or fail without retrying.
2780		  When set to "once" the network operation will
2781		  fail when all the available network interfaces
2782		  are tried once without success.
2783		  Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
2784		  themselves.
2785
2786  npe_ucode	- see CONFIG_IXP4XX_NPE_EXT_UCOD
2787		  if set load address for the npe microcode
2788
2789  tftpsrcport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
2790		  UDP source port.
2791
2792  tftpdstport	- If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
2793		  destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
2794
2795   vlan		- When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
2796		  ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
2797		  VLAN tagged frames.
2798
2799The following environment variables may be used and automatically
2800updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
2801depending the information provided by your boot server:
2802
2803  bootfile	- see above
2804  dnsip		- IP address of your Domain Name Server
2805  dnsip2	- IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
2806  gatewayip	- IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
2807  hostname	- Target hostname
2808  ipaddr	- see above
2809  netmask	- Subnet Mask
2810  rootpath	- Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
2811  serverip	- see above
2812
2813
2814There are two special Environment Variables:
2815
2816  serial#	- contains hardware identification information such
2817		  as type string and/or serial number
2818  ethaddr	- Ethernet address
2819
2820These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
2821the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
2822once they have been set once.
2823
2824
2825Further special Environment Variables:
2826
2827  ver		- Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
2828		  with the "version" command. This variable is
2829		  readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
2830
2831
2832Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
2833only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
2834
2835
2836Command Line Parsing:
2837=====================
2838
2839There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
2840the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
2841
2842Old, simple command line parser:
2843--------------------------------
2844
2845- supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
2846- several commands on one line, separated by ';'
2847- variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
2848- special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
2849  for example:
2850	setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
2851- You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
2852	setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
2853
2854Hush shell:
2855-----------
2856
2857- similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
2858  if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
2859  until...do...done, ...
2860- supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
2861  commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
2862  "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
2863  command
2864
2865General rules:
2866--------------
2867
2868(1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
2869    command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
2870    one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
2871    executed anyway.
2872
2873(2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
2874    calling run with a list af variables as arguments), any failing
2875    command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
2876    variables are not executed.
2877
2878Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
2879=======================================
2880
2881Some boards come with redundant ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
2882such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
2883"working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
2884
2885Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
2886MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
2887"eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
2888
2889If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
2890in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
2891ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
2892variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
2893
2894o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
2895  environment, the SROM's address is used.
2896
2897o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
2898  environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
2899  used.
2900
2901o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
2902  both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
2903
2904o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
2905  addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
2906  warning is printed.
2907
2908o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2909  is raised.
2910
2911
2912Image Formats:
2913==============
2914
2915U-Boot is capable of booting (and performing other auxiliary operations on)
2916images in two formats:
2917
2918New uImage format (FIT)
2919-----------------------
2920
2921Flexible and powerful format based on Flattened Image Tree -- FIT (similar
2922to Flattened Device Tree). It allows the use of images with multiple
2923components (several kernels, ramdisks, etc.), with contents protected by
2924SHA1, MD5 or CRC32. More details are found in the doc/uImage.FIT directory.
2925
2926
2927Old uImage format
2928-----------------
2929
2930Old image format is based on binary files which can be basically anything,
2931preceded by a special header; see the definitions in include/image.h for
2932details; basically, the header defines the following image properties:
2933
2934* Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
2935  4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
2936  LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS;
2937  Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS).
2938* Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86,
2939  IA64, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
2940  Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC).
2941* Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
2942* Load Address
2943* Entry Point
2944* Image Name
2945* Image Timestamp
2946
2947The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
2948and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
2949CRC32 checksums.
2950
2951
2952Linux Support:
2953==============
2954
2955Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
2956easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
2957U-Boot.
2958
2959U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
2960special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
2961"initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
2962instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
2963serves several purposes:
2964
2965- the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
2966  applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
2967  Flash memory footprint)
2968
2969- it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
2970  lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
2971
2972- the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
2973  images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
2974  be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
2975  have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
2976  change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
2977  software is easier now.
2978
2979
2980Linux HOWTO:
2981============
2982
2983Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
2984---------------------------------------
2985
2986U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
2987configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
2988(no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
2989Linux :-).
2990
2991But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
2992
2993Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
2994include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
2995Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
2996sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
2997U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
2998
2999
3000Configuring the Linux kernel:
3001-----------------------------
3002
3003No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
3004device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
3005
3006
3007Building a Linux Image:
3008-----------------------
3009
3010With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
3011not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
3012"uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
3013U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
3014which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
3015100% compatible format.
3016
3017Example:
3018
3019	make TQM850L_config
3020	make oldconfig
3021	make dep
3022	make uImage
3023
3024The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
3025encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header	 information,
3026CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
3027
3028* build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
3029
3030* convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
3031
3032	${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
3033				 -R .note -R .comment \
3034				 -S vmlinux linux.bin
3035
3036* compress the binary image:
3037
3038	gzip -9 linux.bin
3039
3040* package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
3041
3042	mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
3043		-a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
3044		-d linux.bin.gz uImage
3045
3046
3047The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
3048with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
3049combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
3050byte header containing information about target architecture,
3051operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
3052stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
3053
3054"mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
3055print the header information, or to build new images.
3056
3057In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
3058contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
3059checksum verification:
3060
3061	tools/mkimage -l image
3062	  -l ==> list image header information
3063
3064The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
3065from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
3066
3067	tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
3068		      -n name -d data_file image
3069	  -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
3070	  -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
3071	  -T ==> set image type to 'type'
3072	  -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
3073	  -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
3074	  -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
3075	  -n ==> set image name to 'name'
3076	  -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
3077
3078Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
3079address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
3080kernel version:
3081
3082- 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
3083- 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
3084
3085So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
3086
3087	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3088	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
3089	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
3090	> examples/uImage.TQM850L
3091	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3092	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3093	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3094	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3095	Load Address: 0x00000000
3096	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3097
3098To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
3099
3100	-> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
3101	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3102	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3103	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3104	Data Size:    335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3105	Load Address: 0x00000000
3106	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3107
3108NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
3109speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
3110needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
3111need to be uncompressed:
3112
3113	-> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
3114	-> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3115	> -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
3116	> -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
3117	> examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
3118	Image Name:   2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3119	Created:      Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3120	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
3121	Data Size:    792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
3122	Load Address: 0x00000000
3123	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3124
3125
3126Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
3127when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
3128
3129	-> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
3130	> -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
3131	> -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
3132	Image Name:   Simple Ramdisk Image
3133	Created:      Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
3134	Image Type:   PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3135	Data Size:    566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
3136	Load Address: 0x00000000
3137	Entry Point:  0x00000000
3138
3139
3140Installing a Linux Image:
3141-------------------------
3142
3143To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
3144you must convert the image to S-Record format:
3145
3146	objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
3147
3148The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
3149image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
3150address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
3151specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
3152command.
3153
3154Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
3155TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
3156
3157	=> erase 40100000 401FFFFF
3158
3159	.......... done
3160	Erased 8 sectors
3161
3162	=> loads 40100000
3163	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3164	~>examples/image.srec
3165	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
3166	...
3167	15989 15990 15991 15992
3168	[file transfer complete]
3169	[connected]
3170	## Start Addr = 0x00000000
3171
3172
3173You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
3174this includes a checksum verification so you  can  be  sure  no	 data
3175corruption happened:
3176
3177	=> imi 40100000
3178
3179	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3180	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3181	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3182	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3183	   Load Address: 00000000
3184	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3185	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3186
3187
3188Boot Linux:
3189-----------
3190
3191The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
3192memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
3193of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
3194parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
3195"printenv" and "setenv" commands:
3196
3197
3198	=> printenv bootargs
3199	bootargs=root=/dev/ram
3200
3201	=> setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3202
3203	=> printenv bootargs
3204	bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3205
3206	=> bootm 40020000
3207	## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
3208	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
3209	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3210	   Data Size:	 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
3211	   Load Address: 00000000
3212	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3213	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3214	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3215	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
3216	Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3217	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3218	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3219	Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
3220	...
3221
3222If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
3223the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
3224format!) to the "bootm" command:
3225
3226	=> imi 40100000 40200000
3227
3228	## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3229	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3230	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3231	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3232	   Load Address: 00000000
3233	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3234	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3235
3236	## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
3237	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3238	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3239	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3240	   Load Address: 00000000
3241	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3242	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3243
3244	=> bootm 40100000 40200000
3245	## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
3246	   Image Name:	 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3247	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3248	   Data Size:	 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3249	   Load Address: 00000000
3250	   Entry Point:	 0000000c
3251	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3252	   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3253	## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
3254	   Image Name:	 Simple Ramdisk Image
3255	   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3256	   Data Size:	 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3257	   Load Address: 00000000
3258	   Entry Point:	 00000000
3259	   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3260	   Loading Ramdisk ... OK
3261	Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
3262	Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
3263	time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3264	Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3265	...
3266	RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
3267	VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
3268
3269	bash#
3270
3271Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
3272-----------
3273
3274First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
3275titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
3276following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
3277flat device tree:
3278
3279=> print oftaddr
3280oftaddr=0x300000
3281=> print oft
3282oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
3283=> tftp $oftaddr $oft
3284Speed: 1000, full duplex
3285Using TSEC0 device
3286TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
3287Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
3288Load address: 0x300000
3289Loading: #
3290done
3291Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
3292=> tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
3293Speed: 1000, full duplex
3294Using TSEC0 device
3295TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
3296Filename 'uImage'.
3297Load address: 0x200000
3298Loading:############
3299done
3300Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
3301=> print loadaddr
3302loadaddr=200000
3303=> print oftaddr
3304oftaddr=0x300000
3305=> bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
3306## Booting image at 00200000 ...
3307   Image Name:	 Linux-2.6.17-dirty
3308   Image Type:	 PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3309   Data Size:	 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
3310   Load Address: 00000000
3311   Entry Point:	 00000000
3312   Verifying Checksum ... OK
3313   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3314Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
3315Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
3316Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
3317[snip]
3318
3319
3320More About U-Boot Image Types:
3321------------------------------
3322
3323U-Boot supports the following image types:
3324
3325   "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
3326	provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
3327	well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
3328	the Standalone Program.
3329   "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
3330	will take over control completely. Usually these programs
3331	will install their own set of exception handlers, device
3332	drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
3333	expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
3334   "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
3335	parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
3336	being started.
3337   "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
3338	(Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
3339	RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
3340	to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
3341	server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
3342	for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
3343
3344	"Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
3345	image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
3346	byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
3347	Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
3348	one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
3349	a multiple of 4 bytes).
3350
3351   "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
3352	U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
3353	flash memory.
3354
3355   "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
3356	U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
3357	useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
3358	as command interpreter.
3359
3360
3361Standalone HOWTO:
3362=================
3363
3364One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
3365run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
3366U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
3367
3368Two simple examples are included with the sources:
3369
3370"Hello World" Demo:
3371-------------------
3372
3373'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
3374application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
3375It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
3376like that:
3377
3378	=> loads
3379	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3380	~>examples/hello_world.srec
3381	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3382	[file transfer complete]
3383	[connected]
3384	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3385
3386	=> go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
3387	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3388	Hello World
3389	argc = 7
3390	argv[0] = "40004"
3391	argv[1] = "Hello"
3392	argv[2] = "World!"
3393	argv[3] = "This"
3394	argv[4] = "is"
3395	argv[5] = "a"
3396	argv[6] = "test."
3397	argv[7] = "<NULL>"
3398	Hit any key to exit ...
3399
3400	## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3401
3402Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
3403handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
3404Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
3405The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
3406character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
3407controlled by the following keys:
3408
3409	? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
3410	b - enable interrupts and start timer
3411	e - stop timer and disable interrupts
3412	q - quit application
3413
3414	=> loads
3415	## Ready for S-Record download ...
3416	~>examples/timer.srec
3417	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3418	[file transfer complete]
3419	[connected]
3420	## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3421
3422	=> go 40004
3423	## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3424	TIMERS=0xfff00980
3425	Using timer 1
3426	  tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
3427
3428Hit 'b':
3429	[q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
3430	Enabling timer
3431Hit '?':
3432	[q, b, e, ?] ........
3433	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
3434Hit '?':
3435	[q, b, e, ?] .
3436	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
3437Hit '?':
3438	[q, b, e, ?] .
3439	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
3440Hit '?':
3441	[q, b, e, ?] .
3442	tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
3443Hit 'e':
3444	[q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
3445Hit 'q':
3446	[q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3447
3448
3449Minicom warning:
3450================
3451
3452Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
3453"minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
3454consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
3455Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
3456especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
3457use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).
3458
3459Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
3460configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
3461
3462	   Name	   Program			Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
3463	X  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s	 Y    U	   Y	   N	  N
3464	Y  kermit  /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r	 N    D	   Y	   N	  N
3465
3466
3467NetBSD Notes:
3468=============
3469
3470Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
3471(build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
3472
3473Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
3474NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
3475need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
3476Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
3477attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
3478missing.  This file has to be installed and patched manually:
3479
3480	# cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
3481	# mkdir powerpc
3482	# ln -s powerpc machine
3483	# cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
3484	# ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h	## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
3485
3486Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
3487and U-Boot include files.
3488
3489Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
3490stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
3491proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
3492tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
3493meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
3494
3495
3496Implementation Internals:
3497=========================
3498
3499The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
3500implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
3501inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
3502hardware.
3503
3504
3505Initial Stack, Global Data:
3506---------------------------
3507
3508The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
3509starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
3510system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
3511This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
3512is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
3513at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
3514options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
3515models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
3516MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
3517locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
3518
3519	Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of	 these	issues	to  the
3520	u-boot-users mailing list:
3521
3522	Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
3523	From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
3524	Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
3525	...
3526
3527	Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
3528	is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
3529	require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
3530	is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
3531	necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
3532	beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
3533	can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
3534	operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
3535
3536	OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
3537	is another option for the system designer to use as an
3538	initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
3539	option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
3540	board designers haven't used it for something that would
3541	cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
3542	used.
3543
3544	CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
3545	with your processor/board/system design. The default value
3546	you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
3547	walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
3548	than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
3549	it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
3550	that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
3551	start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
3552	you get the config right.
3553
3554	-Chris Hallinan
3555	DS4.COM, Inc.
3556
3557It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
3558code for the initialization procedures:
3559
3560* Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
3561  to write it.
3562
3563* Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
3564  as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
3565  zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
3566
3567* Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
3568  that.
3569
3570Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
3571normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
3572turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
3573simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
3574functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
3575functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
3576the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
3577place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
3578reserve for this purpose.
3579
3580When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
3581relevant  (E)ABI  specifications for the current architecture, and by
3582GCC's implementation.
3583
3584For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
3585	R1:	stack pointer
3586	R2:	reserved for system use
3587	R3-R4:	parameter passing and return values
3588	R5-R10: parameter passing
3589	R13:	small data area pointer
3590	R30:	GOT pointer
3591	R31:	frame pointer
3592
3593	(U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
3594
3595    ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
3596
3597    Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
3598    address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
3599    but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
3600    smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
3601    average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
3602    624 text + 127 data).
3603
3604On Blackfin, the normal C ABI (except for P5) is followed as documented here:
3605	http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=application_binary_interface
3606
3607    ==> U-Boot will use P5 to hold a pointer to the global data
3608
3609On ARM, the following registers are used:
3610
3611	R0:	function argument word/integer result
3612	R1-R3:	function argument word
3613	R9:	GOT pointer
3614	R10:	stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
3615	R11:	argument (frame) pointer
3616	R12:	temporary workspace
3617	R13:	stack pointer
3618	R14:	link register
3619	R15:	program counter
3620
3621    ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
3622
3623NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
3624or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
3625
3626Memory Management:
3627------------------
3628
3629U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
3630MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
3631
3632The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
3633controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
3634memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
3635physical memory banks.
3636
3637U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
3638TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
3639booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
3640to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
3641memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
3642configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
3643Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
3644
3645Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
3646of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
3647
3648So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
3649this:
3650
3651	0x0000 0000	Exception Vector code
3652	      :
3653	0x0000 1FFF
3654	0x0000 2000	Free for Application Use
3655	      :
3656	      :
3657
3658	      :
3659	      :
3660	0x00FB FF20	Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
3661	0x00FB FFAC	Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
3662	0x00FC 0000	Malloc Arena
3663	      :
3664	0x00FD FFFF
3665	0x00FE 0000	RAM Copy of Monitor Code
3666	...		eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
3667	...		eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
3668	0x00FF FFFF	[End of RAM]
3669
3670
3671System Initialization:
3672----------------------
3673
3674In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
3675(on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
3676configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
3677To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
3678To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
3679initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
3680which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
3681part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
3682the caches and the SIU.
3683
3684Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
3685preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
3686(multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
3687on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
3688programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
3689simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
3690banks.
3691
3692When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
3693different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
3694bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
36950x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
3696contiguous memory starting from 0.
3697
3698Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
3699and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
3700Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
3701pages, and the final stack is set up.
3702
3703Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
3704until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
3705running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
3706new address in RAM.
3707
3708
3709U-Boot Porting Guide:
3710----------------------
3711
3712[Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
3713list, October 2002]
3714
3715
3716int main (int argc, char *argv[])
3717{
3718	sighandler_t no_more_time;
3719
3720	signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
3721	alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
3722
3723	if (available_money > available_manpower) {
3724		pay consultant to port U-Boot;
3725		return 0;
3726	}
3727
3728	Download latest U-Boot source;
3729
3730	Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
3731
3732	if (clueless) {
3733		email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
3734	}
3735
3736	while (learning) {
3737		Read the README file in the top level directory;
3738		Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual ;
3739		Read the source, Luke;
3740	}
3741
3742	if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
3743		Buy a BDI2000;
3744	} else {
3745		Add a lot of aggravation and time;
3746	}
3747
3748	Create your own board support subdirectory;
3749
3750	Create your own board config file;
3751
3752	while (!running) {
3753		do {
3754			Add / modify source code;
3755		} until (compiles);
3756		Debug;
3757		if (clueless)
3758			email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
3759	}
3760	Send patch file to Wolfgang;
3761
3762	return 0;
3763}
3764
3765void no_more_time (int sig)
3766{
3767      hire_a_guru();
3768}
3769
3770
3771Coding Standards:
3772-----------------
3773
3774All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
3775coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script
3776"scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory.  In sources
3777originating from U-Boot a style corresponding to "Lindent -pcs" (adding
3778spaces before parameters to function calls) is actually used.
3779
3780Source files originating from a different project (for example the
3781MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
3782reformated to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
3783sources.
3784
3785Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
3786Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
3787in your code.
3788
3789Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
3790- remove any trailing white space
3791- use TAB characters for indentation, not spaces
3792- make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
3793- do not add more than 2 empty lines to source files
3794- do not add trailing empty lines to source files
3795
3796Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
3797with a request to reformat the changes.
3798
3799
3800Submitting Patches:
3801-------------------
3802
3803Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
3804establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
3805may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
3806
3807Patches shall be sent to the u-boot-users mailing list.
3808
3809When you send a patch, please include the following information with
3810it:
3811
3812* For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
3813  this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
3814  patch actually fixes something.
3815
3816* For new features: a description of the feature and your
3817  implementation.
3818
3819* A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
3820
3821* For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
3822
3823* When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
3824  board to the MAKEALL script, too.
3825
3826* If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
3827  document these in the README file.
3828
3829* The patch itself. If you are accessing the CVS repository use "cvs
3830  update; cvs diff -puRN"; else, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your
3831  version of diff does not support these options, then get the latest
3832  version of GNU diff.
3833
3834  The current directory when running this command shall be the top
3835  level directory of the U-Boot source tree, or it's parent directory
3836  (i. e. please make sure that your patch includes sufficient
3837  directory information for the affected files).
3838
3839  We accept patches as plain text, MIME attachments or as uuencoded
3840  gzipped text.
3841
3842* If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
3843  files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
3844
3845* Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
3846  submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
3847
3848
3849Notes:
3850
3851* Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
3852  source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
3853  for any of the boards.
3854
3855* Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
3856  containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
3857  returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
3858
3859* If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
3860  add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
3861  When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
3862  (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
3863  disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
3864  modification.
3865
3866* Remember that there is a size limit of 40 kB per message on the
3867  u-boot-users mailing list. Compression may help.
3868