1Porting Guide 2============= 3 4Introduction 5------------ 6 7Porting Trusted Firmware-A (TF-A) to a new platform involves making some 8mandatory and optional modifications for both the cold and warm boot paths. 9Modifications consist of: 10 11- Implementing a platform-specific function or variable, 12- Setting up the execution context in a certain way, or 13- Defining certain constants (for example #defines). 14 15The platform-specific functions and variables are declared in 16``include/plat/common/platform.h``. The firmware provides a default 17implementation of variables and functions to fulfill the optional requirements 18in order to ease the porting effort. Each platform port can use them as is or 19provide their own implementation if the default implementation is inadequate. 20 21 .. note:: 22 23 TF-A historically provided default implementations of platform interfaces 24 as *weak* functions. This practice is now discouraged and new platform 25 interfaces as they get introduced in the code base should be *strongly* 26 defined. We intend to convert existing weak functions over time. Until 27 then, you will find references to *weak* functions in this document. 28 29Please review the :ref:`Threat Model` documents as part of the porting 30effort. Some platform interfaces play a key role in mitigating against some of 31the threats. Failing to fulfill these expectations could undermine the security 32guarantees offered by TF-A. These platform responsibilities are highlighted in 33the threat assessment section, under the "`Mitigations implemented?`" box for 34each threat. 35 36Some modifications are common to all Boot Loader (BL) stages. Section 2 37discusses these in detail. The subsequent sections discuss the remaining 38modifications for each BL stage in detail. 39 40Please refer to the :ref:`Platform Ports Policy` for the policy regarding 41compatibility and deprecation of these porting interfaces. 42 43Only Arm development platforms (such as FVP and Juno) may use the 44functions/definitions in ``include/plat/arm/common/`` and the corresponding 45source files in ``plat/arm/common/``. This is done so that there are no 46dependencies between platforms maintained by different people/companies. If you 47want to use any of the functionality present in ``plat/arm`` files, please 48propose a patch that moves the code to ``plat/common`` so that it can be 49discussed. 50 51Common modifications 52-------------------- 53 54This section covers the modifications that should be made by the platform for 55each BL stage to correctly port the firmware stack. They are categorized as 56either mandatory or optional. 57 58Common mandatory modifications 59------------------------------ 60 61A platform port must enable the Memory Management Unit (MMU) as well as the 62instruction and data caches for each BL stage. Setting up the translation 63tables is the responsibility of the platform port because memory maps differ 64across platforms. A memory translation library (see ``lib/xlat_tables_v2/``) is 65provided to help in this setup. 66 67Note that although this library supports non-identity mappings, this is intended 68only for re-mapping peripheral physical addresses and allows platforms with high 69I/O addresses to reduce their virtual address space. All other addresses 70corresponding to code and data must currently use an identity mapping. 71 72Also, the only translation granule size supported in TF-A is 4KB, as various 73parts of the code assume that is the case. It is not possible to switch to 7416 KB or 64 KB granule sizes at the moment. 75 76In Arm standard platforms, each BL stage configures the MMU in the 77platform-specific architecture setup function, ``blX_plat_arch_setup()``, and uses 78an identity mapping for all addresses. 79 80If the build option ``USE_COHERENT_MEM`` is enabled, each platform can allocate a 81block of identity mapped secure memory with Device-nGnRE attributes aligned to 82page boundary (4K) for each BL stage. All sections which allocate coherent 83memory are grouped under ``.coherent_ram``. For ex: Bakery locks are placed in a 84section identified by name ``.bakery_lock`` inside ``.coherent_ram`` so that its 85possible for the firmware to place variables in it using the following C code 86directive: 87 88:: 89 90 __section(".bakery_lock") 91 92Or alternatively the following assembler code directive: 93 94:: 95 96 .section .bakery_lock 97 98The ``.coherent_ram`` section is a sum of all sections like ``.bakery_lock`` which are 99used to allocate any data structures that are accessed both when a CPU is 100executing with its MMU and caches enabled, and when it's running with its MMU 101and caches disabled. Examples are given below. 102 103The following variables, functions and constants must be defined by the platform 104for the firmware to work correctly. 105 106.. _platform_def_mandatory: 107 108File : platform_def.h [mandatory] 109~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 110 111Each platform must ensure that a header file of this name is in the system 112include path with the following constants defined. This will require updating 113the list of ``PLAT_INCLUDES`` in the ``platform.mk`` file. 114 115Platform ports may optionally use the file ``include/plat/common/common_def.h``, 116which provides typical values for some of the constants below. These values are 117likely to be suitable for all platform ports. 118 119- **#define : PLATFORM_LINKER_FORMAT** 120 121 Defines the linker format used by the platform, for example 122 ``elf64-littleaarch64``. 123 124- **#define : PLATFORM_LINKER_ARCH** 125 126 Defines the processor architecture for the linker by the platform, for 127 example ``aarch64``. 128 129- **#define : PLATFORM_STACK_SIZE** 130 131 Defines the normal stack memory available to each CPU. This constant is used 132 by ``plat/common/aarch64/platform_mp_stack.S`` and 133 ``plat/common/aarch64/platform_up_stack.S``. 134 135- **#define : CACHE_WRITEBACK_GRANULE** 136 137 Defines the size in bytes of the largest cache line across all the cache 138 levels in the platform. 139 140- **#define : FIRMWARE_WELCOME_STR** 141 142 Defines the character string printed by BL1 upon entry into the ``bl1_main()`` 143 function. 144 145- **#define : PLATFORM_CORE_COUNT** 146 147 Defines the total number of CPUs implemented by the platform across all 148 clusters in the system. 149 150- **#define : PLAT_NUM_PWR_DOMAINS** 151 152 Defines the total number of nodes in the power domain topology 153 tree at all the power domain levels used by the platform. 154 This macro is used by the PSCI implementation to allocate 155 data structures to represent power domain topology. 156 157- **#define : PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL** 158 159 Defines the maximum power domain level that the power management operations 160 should apply to. More often, but not always, the power domain level 161 corresponds to affinity level. This macro allows the PSCI implementation 162 to know the highest power domain level that it should consider for power 163 management operations in the system that the platform implements. For 164 example, the Base AEM FVP implements two clusters with a configurable 165 number of CPUs and it reports the maximum power domain level as 1. 166 167- **#define : PLAT_MAX_OFF_STATE** 168 169 Defines the local power state corresponding to the deepest power down 170 possible at every power domain level in the platform. The local power 171 states for each level may be sparsely allocated between 0 and this value 172 with 0 being reserved for the RUN state. The PSCI implementation uses this 173 value to initialize the local power states of the power domain nodes and 174 to specify the requested power state for a PSCI_CPU_OFF call. 175 176- **#define : PLAT_MAX_RET_STATE** 177 178 Defines the local power state corresponding to the deepest retention state 179 possible at every power domain level in the platform. This macro should be 180 a value less than PLAT_MAX_OFF_STATE and greater than 0. It is used by the 181 PSCI implementation to distinguish between retention and power down local 182 power states within PSCI_CPU_SUSPEND call. 183 184- **#define : PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL_STATES** 185 186 Defines the maximum number of local power states per power domain level 187 that the platform supports. The default value of this macro is 2 since 188 most platforms just support a maximum of two local power states at each 189 power domain level (power-down and retention). If the platform needs to 190 account for more local power states, then it must redefine this macro. 191 192 Currently, this macro is used by the Generic PSCI implementation to size 193 the array used for PSCI_STAT_COUNT/RESIDENCY accounting. 194 195- **#define : BL1_RO_BASE** 196 197 Defines the base address in secure ROM where BL1 originally lives. Must be 198 aligned on a page-size boundary. 199 200- **#define : BL1_RO_LIMIT** 201 202 Defines the maximum address in secure ROM that BL1's actual content (i.e. 203 excluding any data section allocated at runtime) can occupy. 204 205- **#define : BL1_RW_BASE** 206 207 Defines the base address in secure RAM where BL1's read-write data will live 208 at runtime. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 209 210- **#define : BL1_RW_LIMIT** 211 212 Defines the maximum address in secure RAM that BL1's read-write data can 213 occupy at runtime. 214 215- **#define : BL2_BASE** 216 217 Defines the base address in secure RAM where BL1 loads the BL2 binary image. 218 Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. This constant is not applicable 219 when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set to '1'. 220 221- **#define : BL2_LIMIT** 222 223 Defines the maximum address in secure RAM that the BL2 image can occupy. 224 This constant is not applicable when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set to '1'. 225 226- **#define : BL2_RO_BASE** 227 228 Defines the base address in secure XIP memory where BL2 RO section originally 229 lives. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. This constant is only needed 230 when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set to '1'. 231 232- **#define : BL2_RO_LIMIT** 233 234 Defines the maximum address in secure XIP memory that BL2's actual content 235 (i.e. excluding any data section allocated at runtime) can occupy. This 236 constant is only needed when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set to '1'. 237 238- **#define : BL2_RW_BASE** 239 240 Defines the base address in secure RAM where BL2's read-write data will live 241 at runtime. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. This constant is only 242 needed when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set to '1'. 243 244- **#define : BL2_RW_LIMIT** 245 246 Defines the maximum address in secure RAM that BL2's read-write data can 247 occupy at runtime. This constant is only needed when BL2_IN_XIP_MEM is set 248 to '1'. 249 250- **#define : BL31_BASE** 251 252 Defines the base address in secure RAM where BL2 loads the BL31 binary 253 image. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 254 255- **#define : BL31_LIMIT** 256 257 Defines the maximum address in secure RAM that the BL31 image can occupy. 258 259- **#define : PLAT_RSE_COMMS_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE** 260 261 Defines the maximum message size between AP and RSE. Need to define if 262 platform supports RSE. 263 264For every image, the platform must define individual identifiers that will be 265used by BL1 or BL2 to load the corresponding image into memory from non-volatile 266storage. For the sake of performance, integer numbers will be used as 267identifiers. The platform will use those identifiers to return the relevant 268information about the image to be loaded (file handler, load address, 269authentication information, etc.). The following image identifiers are 270mandatory: 271 272- **#define : BL2_IMAGE_ID** 273 274 BL2 image identifier, used by BL1 to load BL2. 275 276- **#define : BL31_IMAGE_ID** 277 278 BL31 image identifier, used by BL2 to load BL31. 279 280- **#define : BL33_IMAGE_ID** 281 282 BL33 image identifier, used by BL2 to load BL33. 283 284If Trusted Board Boot is enabled, the following certificate identifiers must 285also be defined: 286 287- **#define : TRUSTED_BOOT_FW_CERT_ID** 288 289 BL2 content certificate identifier, used by BL1 to load the BL2 content 290 certificate. 291 292- **#define : TRUSTED_KEY_CERT_ID** 293 294 Trusted key certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the trusted key 295 certificate. 296 297- **#define : SOC_FW_KEY_CERT_ID** 298 299 BL31 key certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL31 key 300 certificate. 301 302- **#define : SOC_FW_CONTENT_CERT_ID** 303 304 BL31 content certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL31 content 305 certificate. 306 307- **#define : NON_TRUSTED_FW_KEY_CERT_ID** 308 309 BL33 key certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL33 key 310 certificate. 311 312- **#define : NON_TRUSTED_FW_CONTENT_CERT_ID** 313 314 BL33 content certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL33 content 315 certificate. 316 317- **#define : FWU_CERT_ID** 318 319 Firmware Update (FWU) certificate identifier, used by NS_BL1U to load the 320 FWU content certificate. 321 322If the AP Firmware Updater Configuration image, BL2U is used, the following 323must also be defined: 324 325- **#define : BL2U_BASE** 326 327 Defines the base address in secure memory where BL1 copies the BL2U binary 328 image. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 329 330- **#define : BL2U_LIMIT** 331 332 Defines the maximum address in secure memory that the BL2U image can occupy. 333 334- **#define : BL2U_IMAGE_ID** 335 336 BL2U image identifier, used by BL1 to fetch an image descriptor 337 corresponding to BL2U. 338 339If the SCP Firmware Update Configuration Image, SCP_BL2U is used, the following 340must also be defined: 341 342- **#define : SCP_BL2U_IMAGE_ID** 343 344 SCP_BL2U image identifier, used by BL1 to fetch an image descriptor 345 corresponding to SCP_BL2U. 346 347 .. note:: 348 TF-A does not provide source code for this image. 349 350If the Non-Secure Firmware Updater ROM, NS_BL1U is used, the following must 351also be defined: 352 353- **#define : NS_BL1U_BASE** 354 355 Defines the base address in non-secure ROM where NS_BL1U executes. 356 Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 357 358 .. note:: 359 TF-A does not provide source code for this image. 360 361- **#define : NS_BL1U_IMAGE_ID** 362 363 NS_BL1U image identifier, used by BL1 to fetch an image descriptor 364 corresponding to NS_BL1U. 365 366If the Non-Secure Firmware Updater, NS_BL2U is used, the following must also 367be defined: 368 369- **#define : NS_BL2U_BASE** 370 371 Defines the base address in non-secure memory where NS_BL2U executes. 372 Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 373 374 .. note:: 375 TF-A does not provide source code for this image. 376 377- **#define : NS_BL2U_IMAGE_ID** 378 379 NS_BL2U image identifier, used by BL1 to fetch an image descriptor 380 corresponding to NS_BL2U. 381 382For the the Firmware update capability of TRUSTED BOARD BOOT, the following 383macros may also be defined: 384 385- **#define : PLAT_FWU_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_IMAGES** 386 387 Total number of images that can be loaded simultaneously. If the platform 388 doesn't specify any value, it defaults to 10. 389 390If a SCP_BL2 image is supported by the platform, the following constants must 391also be defined: 392 393- **#define : SCP_BL2_IMAGE_ID** 394 395 SCP_BL2 image identifier, used by BL2 to load SCP_BL2 into secure memory 396 from platform storage before being transferred to the SCP. 397 398- **#define : SCP_FW_KEY_CERT_ID** 399 400 SCP_BL2 key certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the SCP_BL2 key 401 certificate (mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled). 402 403- **#define : SCP_FW_CONTENT_CERT_ID** 404 405 SCP_BL2 content certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the SCP_BL2 406 content certificate (mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled). 407 408If a BL32 image is supported by the platform, the following constants must 409also be defined: 410 411- **#define : BL32_IMAGE_ID** 412 413 BL32 image identifier, used by BL2 to load BL32. 414 415- **#define : TRUSTED_OS_FW_KEY_CERT_ID** 416 417 BL32 key certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL32 key 418 certificate (mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled). 419 420- **#define : TRUSTED_OS_FW_CONTENT_CERT_ID** 421 422 BL32 content certificate identifier, used by BL2 to load the BL32 content 423 certificate (mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled). 424 425- **#define : BL32_BASE** 426 427 Defines the base address in secure memory where BL2 loads the BL32 binary 428 image. Must be aligned on a page-size boundary. 429 430- **#define : BL32_LIMIT** 431 432 Defines the maximum address that the BL32 image can occupy. 433 434If the Test Secure-EL1 Payload (TSP) instantiation of BL32 is supported by the 435platform, the following constants must also be defined: 436 437- **#define : TSP_SEC_MEM_BASE** 438 439 Defines the base address of the secure memory used by the TSP image on the 440 platform. This must be at the same address or below ``BL32_BASE``. 441 442- **#define : TSP_SEC_MEM_SIZE** 443 444 Defines the size of the secure memory used by the BL32 image on the 445 platform. ``TSP_SEC_MEM_BASE`` and ``TSP_SEC_MEM_SIZE`` must fully 446 accommodate the memory required by the BL32 image, defined by ``BL32_BASE`` 447 and ``BL32_LIMIT``. 448 449- **#define : TSP_IRQ_SEC_PHY_TIMER** 450 451 Defines the ID of the secure physical generic timer interrupt used by the 452 TSP's interrupt handling code. 453 454If the platform port uses the translation table library code, the following 455constants must also be defined: 456 457- **#define : PLAT_XLAT_TABLES_DYNAMIC** 458 459 Optional flag that can be set per-image to enable the dynamic allocation of 460 regions even when the MMU is enabled. If not defined, only static 461 functionality will be available, if defined and set to 1 it will also 462 include the dynamic functionality. 463 464- **#define : MAX_XLAT_TABLES** 465 466 Defines the maximum number of translation tables that are allocated by the 467 translation table library code. To minimize the amount of runtime memory 468 used, choose the smallest value needed to map the required virtual addresses 469 for each BL stage. If ``PLAT_XLAT_TABLES_DYNAMIC`` flag is enabled for a BL 470 image, ``MAX_XLAT_TABLES`` must be defined to accommodate the dynamic regions 471 as well. 472 473- **#define : MAX_MMAP_REGIONS** 474 475 Defines the maximum number of regions that are allocated by the translation 476 table library code. A region consists of physical base address, virtual base 477 address, size and attributes (Device/Memory, RO/RW, Secure/Non-Secure), as 478 defined in the ``mmap_region_t`` structure. The platform defines the regions 479 that should be mapped. Then, the translation table library will create the 480 corresponding tables and descriptors at runtime. To minimize the amount of 481 runtime memory used, choose the smallest value needed to register the 482 required regions for each BL stage. If ``PLAT_XLAT_TABLES_DYNAMIC`` flag is 483 enabled for a BL image, ``MAX_MMAP_REGIONS`` must be defined to accommodate 484 the dynamic regions as well. 485 486- **#define : PLAT_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_SIZE** 487 488 Defines the total size of the virtual address space in bytes. For example, 489 for a 32 bit virtual address space, this value should be ``(1ULL << 32)``. 490 491- **#define : PLAT_PHY_ADDR_SPACE_SIZE** 492 493 Defines the total size of the physical address space in bytes. For example, 494 for a 32 bit physical address space, this value should be ``(1ULL << 32)``. 495 496If the platform port uses the IO storage framework, the following constants 497must also be defined: 498 499- **#define : MAX_IO_DEVICES** 500 501 Defines the maximum number of registered IO devices. Attempting to register 502 more devices than this value using ``io_register_device()`` will fail with 503 -ENOMEM. 504 505- **#define : MAX_IO_HANDLES** 506 507 Defines the maximum number of open IO handles. Attempting to open more IO 508 entities than this value using ``io_open()`` will fail with -ENOMEM. 509 510- **#define : MAX_IO_BLOCK_DEVICES** 511 512 Defines the maximum number of registered IO block devices. Attempting to 513 register more devices this value using ``io_dev_open()`` will fail 514 with -ENOMEM. MAX_IO_BLOCK_DEVICES should be less than MAX_IO_DEVICES. 515 With this macro, multiple block devices could be supported at the same 516 time. 517 518If the platform needs to allocate data within the per-cpu data framework in 519BL31, it should define the following macro. Currently this is only required if 520the platform decides not to use the coherent memory section by undefining the 521``USE_COHERENT_MEM`` build flag. In this case, the framework allocates the 522required memory within the the per-cpu data to minimize wastage. 523 524- **#define : PLAT_PCPU_DATA_SIZE** 525 526 Defines the memory (in bytes) to be reserved within the per-cpu data 527 structure for use by the platform layer. 528 529The following constants are optional. They should be defined when the platform 530memory layout implies some image overlaying like in Arm standard platforms. 531 532- **#define : BL31_PROGBITS_LIMIT** 533 534 Defines the maximum address in secure RAM that the BL31's progbits sections 535 can occupy. 536 537- **#define : TSP_PROGBITS_LIMIT** 538 539 Defines the maximum address that the TSP's progbits sections can occupy. 540 541If the platform supports OS-initiated mode, i.e. the build option 542``PSCI_OS_INIT_MODE`` is enabled, and if the platform's maximum power domain 543level for PSCI_CPU_SUSPEND differs from ``PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL``, the following 544constant must be defined. 545 546- **#define : PLAT_MAX_CPU_SUSPEND_PWR_LVL** 547 548 Defines the maximum power domain level that PSCI_CPU_SUSPEND should apply to. 549 550If the platform port uses the PL061 GPIO driver, the following constant may 551optionally be defined: 552 553- **PLAT_PL061_MAX_GPIOS** 554 Maximum number of GPIOs required by the platform. This allows control how 555 much memory is allocated for PL061 GPIO controllers. The default value is 556 557 #. $(eval $(call add_define,PLAT_PL061_MAX_GPIOS)) 558 559If the platform port uses the partition driver, the following constant may 560optionally be defined: 561 562- **PLAT_PARTITION_MAX_ENTRIES** 563 Maximum number of partition entries required by the platform. This allows 564 control how much memory is allocated for partition entries. The default 565 value is 128. 566 For example, define the build flag in ``platform.mk``: 567 PLAT_PARTITION_MAX_ENTRIES := 12 568 $(eval $(call add_define,PLAT_PARTITION_MAX_ENTRIES)) 569 570- **PLAT_PARTITION_BLOCK_SIZE** 571 The size of partition block. It could be either 512 bytes or 4096 bytes. 572 The default value is 512. 573 For example, define the build flag in ``platform.mk``: 574 PLAT_PARTITION_BLOCK_SIZE := 4096 575 $(eval $(call add_define,PLAT_PARTITION_BLOCK_SIZE)) 576 577If the platform port uses the Arm® Ethos™-N NPU driver, the following 578configuration must be performed: 579 580- The NPU SiP service handler must be hooked up. This consists of both the 581 initial setup (``ethosn_smc_setup``) and the handler itself 582 (``ethosn_smc_handler``) 583 584If the platform port uses the Arm® Ethos™-N NPU driver with TZMP1 support 585enabled, the following constants and configuration must also be defined: 586 587- **ETHOSN_NPU_PROT_FW_NSAID** 588 589 Defines the Non-secure Access IDentity (NSAID) that the NPU shall use to 590 access the protected memory that contains the NPU's firmware. 591 592- **ETHOSN_NPU_PROT_DATA_RW_NSAID** 593 594 Defines the Non-secure Access IDentity (NSAID) that the NPU shall use for 595 read/write access to the protected memory that contains inference data. 596 597- **ETHOSN_NPU_PROT_DATA_RO_NSAID** 598 599 Defines the Non-secure Access IDentity (NSAID) that the NPU shall use for 600 read-only access to the protected memory that contains inference data. 601 602- **ETHOSN_NPU_NS_RW_DATA_NSAID** 603 604 Defines the Non-secure Access IDentity (NSAID) that the NPU shall use for 605 read/write access to the non-protected memory. 606 607- **ETHOSN_NPU_NS_RO_DATA_NSAID** 608 609 Defines the Non-secure Access IDentity (NSAID) that the NPU shall use for 610 read-only access to the non-protected memory. 611 612- **ETHOSN_NPU_FW_IMAGE_BASE** and **ETHOSN_NPU_FW_IMAGE_LIMIT** 613 614 Defines the physical address range that the NPU's firmware will be loaded 615 into and executed from. 616 617- Configure the platforms TrustZone Controller (TZC) with appropriate regions 618 of protected memory. At minimum this must include a region for the NPU's 619 firmware code and a region for protected inference data, and these must be 620 accessible using the NSAIDs defined above. 621 622- Include the NPU firmware and certificates in the FIP. 623 624- Provide FCONF entries to configure the image source for the NPU firmware 625 and certificates. 626 627- Add MMU mappings such that: 628 629 - BL2 can write the NPU firmware into the region defined by 630 ``ETHOSN_NPU_FW_IMAGE_BASE`` and ``ETHOSN_NPU_FW_IMAGE_LIMIT`` 631 - BL31 (SiP service) can read the NPU firmware from the same region 632 633- Add the firmware image ID ``ETHOSN_NPU_FW_IMAGE_ID`` to the list of images 634 loaded by BL2. 635 636Please see the reference implementation code for the Juno platform as an example. 637 638 639The following constant is optional. It should be defined to override the default 640behaviour of the ``assert()`` function (for example, to save memory). 641 642- **PLAT_LOG_LEVEL_ASSERT** 643 If ``PLAT_LOG_LEVEL_ASSERT`` is higher or equal than ``LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE``, 644 ``assert()`` prints the name of the file, the line number and the asserted 645 expression. Else if it is higher than ``LOG_LEVEL_INFO``, it prints the file 646 name and the line number. Else if it is lower than ``LOG_LEVEL_INFO``, it 647 doesn't print anything to the console. If ``PLAT_LOG_LEVEL_ASSERT`` isn't 648 defined, it defaults to ``LOG_LEVEL``. 649 650If the platform port uses the DRTM feature, the following constants must be 651defined: 652 653- **#define : PLAT_DRTM_EVENT_LOG_MAX_SIZE** 654 655 Maximum Event Log size used by the platform. Platform can decide the maximum 656 size of the Event Log buffer, depending upon the highest hash algorithm 657 chosen and the number of components selected to measure during the DRTM 658 execution flow. 659 660- **#define : PLAT_DRTM_MMAP_ENTRIES** 661 662 Number of the MMAP entries used by the DRTM implementation to calculate the 663 size of address map region of the platform. 664 665File : plat_macros.S [mandatory] 666~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 667 668Each platform must ensure a file of this name is in the system include path with 669the following macro defined. In the Arm development platforms, this file is 670found in ``plat/arm/board/<plat_name>/include/plat_macros.S``. 671 672- **Macro : plat_crash_print_regs** 673 674 This macro allows the crash reporting routine to print relevant platform 675 registers in case of an unhandled exception in BL31. This aids in debugging 676 and this macro can be defined to be empty in case register reporting is not 677 desired. 678 679 For instance, GIC or interconnect registers may be helpful for 680 troubleshooting. 681 682Handling Reset 683-------------- 684 685BL1 by default implements the reset vector where execution starts from a cold 686or warm boot. BL31 can be optionally set as a reset vector using the 687``RESET_TO_BL31`` make variable. 688 689For each CPU, the reset vector code is responsible for the following tasks: 690 691#. Distinguishing between a cold boot and a warm boot. 692 693#. In the case of a cold boot and the CPU being a secondary CPU, ensuring that 694 the CPU is placed in a platform-specific state until the primary CPU 695 performs the necessary steps to remove it from this state. 696 697#. In the case of a warm boot, ensuring that the CPU jumps to a platform- 698 specific address in the BL31 image in the same processor mode as it was 699 when released from reset. 700 701The following functions need to be implemented by the platform port to enable 702reset vector code to perform the above tasks. 703 704Function : plat_get_my_entrypoint() [mandatory when PROGRAMMABLE_RESET_ADDRESS == 0] 705~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 706 707:: 708 709 Argument : void 710 Return : uintptr_t 711 712This function is called with the MMU and caches disabled 713(``SCTLR_EL3.M`` = 0 and ``SCTLR_EL3.C`` = 0). The function is responsible for 714distinguishing between a warm and cold reset for the current CPU using 715platform-specific means. If it's a warm reset, then it returns the warm 716reset entrypoint point provided to ``plat_setup_psci_ops()`` during 717BL31 initialization. If it's a cold reset then this function must return zero. 718 719This function does not follow the Procedure Call Standard used by the 720Application Binary Interface for the Arm 64-bit architecture. The caller should 721not assume that callee saved registers are preserved across a call to this 722function. 723 724This function fulfills requirement 1 and 3 listed above. 725 726Note that for platforms that support programming the reset address, it is 727expected that a CPU will start executing code directly at the right address, 728both on a cold and warm reset. In this case, there is no need to identify the 729type of reset nor to query the warm reset entrypoint. Therefore, implementing 730this function is not required on such platforms. 731 732Function : plat_secondary_cold_boot_setup() [mandatory when COLD_BOOT_SINGLE_CPU == 0] 733~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 734 735:: 736 737 Argument : void 738 739This function is called with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is responsible 740for placing the executing secondary CPU in a platform-specific state until the 741primary CPU performs the necessary actions to bring it out of that state and 742allow entry into the OS. This function must not return. 743 744In the Arm FVP port, when using the normal boot flow, each secondary CPU powers 745itself off. The primary CPU is responsible for powering up the secondary CPUs 746when normal world software requires them. When booting an EL3 payload instead, 747they stay powered on and are put in a holding pen until their mailbox gets 748populated. 749 750This function fulfills requirement 2 above. 751 752Note that for platforms that can't release secondary CPUs out of reset, only the 753primary CPU will execute the cold boot code. Therefore, implementing this 754function is not required on such platforms. 755 756Function : plat_is_my_cpu_primary() [mandatory when COLD_BOOT_SINGLE_CPU == 0] 757~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 758 759:: 760 761 Argument : void 762 Return : unsigned int 763 764This function identifies whether the current CPU is the primary CPU or a 765secondary CPU. A return value of zero indicates that the CPU is not the 766primary CPU, while a non-zero return value indicates that the CPU is the 767primary CPU. 768 769Note that for platforms that can't release secondary CPUs out of reset, only the 770primary CPU will execute the cold boot code. Therefore, there is no need to 771distinguish between primary and secondary CPUs and implementing this function is 772not required. 773 774Function : platform_mem_init() [mandatory] 775~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 776 777:: 778 779 Argument : void 780 Return : void 781 782This function is called before any access to data is made by the firmware, in 783order to carry out any essential memory initialization. 784 785Function: plat_get_rotpk_info() 786~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 787 788:: 789 790 Argument : void *, void **, unsigned int *, unsigned int * 791 Return : int 792 793This function is mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled. It returns a 794pointer to the ROTPK stored in the platform (or a hash of it) and its length. 795The ROTPK must be encoded in DER format according to the following ASN.1 796structure: 797 798:: 799 800 AlgorithmIdentifier ::= SEQUENCE { 801 algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER, 802 parameters ANY DEFINED BY algorithm OPTIONAL 803 } 804 805 SubjectPublicKeyInfo ::= SEQUENCE { 806 algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, 807 subjectPublicKey BIT STRING 808 } 809 810In case the function returns a hash of the key: 811 812:: 813 814 DigestInfo ::= SEQUENCE { 815 digestAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, 816 digest OCTET STRING 817 } 818 819The function returns 0 on success. Any other value is treated as error by the 820Trusted Board Boot. The function also reports extra information related 821to the ROTPK in the flags parameter: 822 823:: 824 825 ROTPK_IS_HASH : Indicates that the ROTPK returned by the platform is a 826 hash. 827 ROTPK_NOT_DEPLOYED : This allows the platform to skip certificate ROTPK 828 verification while the platform ROTPK is not deployed. 829 When this flag is set, the function does not need to 830 return a platform ROTPK, and the authentication 831 framework uses the ROTPK in the certificate without 832 verifying it against the platform value. This flag 833 must not be used in a deployed production environment. 834 835Function: plat_get_nv_ctr() 836~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 837 838:: 839 840 Argument : void *, unsigned int * 841 Return : int 842 843This function is mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled. It returns the 844non-volatile counter value stored in the platform in the second argument. The 845cookie in the first argument may be used to select the counter in case the 846platform provides more than one (for example, on platforms that use the default 847TBBR CoT, the cookie will correspond to the OID values defined in 848TRUSTED_FW_NVCOUNTER_OID or NON_TRUSTED_FW_NVCOUNTER_OID). 849 850The function returns 0 on success. Any other value means the counter value could 851not be retrieved from the platform. 852 853Function: plat_set_nv_ctr() 854~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 855 856:: 857 858 Argument : void *, unsigned int 859 Return : int 860 861This function is mandatory when Trusted Board Boot is enabled. It sets a new 862counter value in the platform. The cookie in the first argument may be used to 863select the counter (as explained in plat_get_nv_ctr()). The second argument is 864the updated counter value to be written to the NV counter. 865 866The function returns 0 on success. Any other value means the counter value could 867not be updated. 868 869Function: plat_set_nv_ctr2() 870~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 871 872:: 873 874 Argument : void *, const auth_img_desc_t *, unsigned int 875 Return : int 876 877This function is optional when Trusted Board Boot is enabled. If this 878interface is defined, then ``plat_set_nv_ctr()`` need not be defined. The 879first argument passed is a cookie and is typically used to 880differentiate between a Non Trusted NV Counter and a Trusted NV 881Counter. The second argument is a pointer to an authentication image 882descriptor and may be used to decide if the counter is allowed to be 883updated or not. The third argument is the updated counter value to 884be written to the NV counter. 885 886The function returns 0 on success. Any other value means the counter value 887either could not be updated or the authentication image descriptor indicates 888that it is not allowed to be updated. 889 890Dynamic Root of Trust for Measurement support (in BL31) 891------------------------------------------------------- 892 893The functions mentioned in this section are mandatory, when platform enables 894DRTM_SUPPORT build flag. 895 896Function : plat_get_addr_mmap() 897~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 898 899:: 900 901 Argument : void 902 Return : const mmap_region_t * 903 904This function is used to return the address of the platform *address-map* table, 905which describes the regions of normal memory, memory mapped I/O 906and non-volatile memory. 907 908Function : plat_has_non_host_platforms() 909~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 910 911:: 912 913 Argument : void 914 Return : bool 915 916This function returns *true* if the platform has any trusted devices capable of 917DMA, otherwise returns *false*. 918 919Function : plat_has_unmanaged_dma_peripherals() 920~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 921 922:: 923 924 Argument : void 925 Return : bool 926 927This function returns *true* if platform uses peripherals whose DMA is not 928managed by an SMMU, otherwise returns *false*. 929 930Note - 931If the platform has peripherals that are not managed by the SMMU, then the 932platform should investigate such peripherals to determine whether they can 933be trusted, and such peripherals should be moved under "Non-host platforms" 934if they can be trusted. 935 936Function : plat_get_total_num_smmus() 937~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 938 939:: 940 941 Argument : void 942 Return : unsigned int 943 944This function returns the total number of SMMUs in the platform. 945 946Function : plat_enumerate_smmus() 947~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 948:: 949 950 951 Argument : void 952 Return : const uintptr_t *, size_t 953 954This function returns an array of SMMU addresses and the actual number of SMMUs 955reported by the platform. 956 957Function : plat_drtm_get_dma_prot_features() 958~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 959 960:: 961 962 Argument : void 963 Return : const plat_drtm_dma_prot_features_t* 964 965This function returns the address of plat_drtm_dma_prot_features_t structure 966containing the maximum number of protected regions and bitmap with the types 967of DMA protection supported by the platform. 968For more details see section 3.3 Table 6 of `DRTM`_ specification. 969 970Function : plat_drtm_dma_prot_get_max_table_bytes() 971~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 972 973:: 974 975 Argument : void 976 Return : uint64_t 977 978This function returns the maximum size of DMA protected regions table in 979bytes. 980 981Function : plat_drtm_get_tpm_features() 982~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 983 984:: 985 986 Argument : void 987 Return : const plat_drtm_tpm_features_t* 988 989This function returns the address of *plat_drtm_tpm_features_t* structure 990containing PCR usage schema, TPM-based hash, and firmware hash algorithm 991supported by the platform. 992 993Function : plat_drtm_get_min_size_normal_world_dce() 994~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 995 996:: 997 998 Argument : void 999 Return : uint64_t 1000 1001This function returns the size normal-world DCE of the platform. 1002 1003Function : plat_drtm_get_imp_def_dlme_region_size() 1004~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1005 1006:: 1007 1008 Argument : void 1009 Return : uint64_t 1010 1011This function returns the size of implementation defined DLME region 1012of the platform. 1013 1014Function : plat_drtm_get_tcb_hash_table_size() 1015~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1016 1017:: 1018 1019 Argument : void 1020 Return : uint64_t 1021 1022This function returns the size of TCB hash table of the platform. 1023 1024Function : plat_drtm_get_acpi_tables_region_size() 1025~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1026 1027:: 1028 1029 Argument : void 1030 Return : uint64_t 1031 1032This function returns the size of ACPI tables region of the platform. 1033 1034Function : plat_drtm_get_tcb_hash_features() 1035~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1036 1037:: 1038 1039 Argument : void 1040 Return : uint64_t 1041 1042This function returns the Maximum number of TCB hashes recorded by the 1043platform. 1044For more details see section 3.3 Table 6 of `DRTM`_ specification. 1045 1046Function : plat_drtm_get_dlme_img_auth_features() 1047~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1048 1049:: 1050 1051 Argument : void 1052 Return : uint64_t 1053 1054This function returns the DLME image authentication features. 1055For more details see section 3.3 Table 6 of `DRTM`_ specification. 1056 1057Function : plat_drtm_validate_ns_region() 1058~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1059 1060:: 1061 1062 Argument : uintptr_t, uintptr_t 1063 Return : int 1064 1065This function validates that given region is within the Non-Secure region 1066of DRAM. This function takes a region start address and size an input 1067arguments, and returns 0 on success and -1 on failure. 1068 1069Function : plat_set_drtm_error() 1070~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1071 1072:: 1073 1074 Argument : uint64_t 1075 Return : int 1076 1077This function writes a 64 bit error code received as input into 1078non-volatile storage and returns 0 on success and -1 on failure. 1079 1080Function : plat_get_drtm_error() 1081~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1082 1083:: 1084 1085 Argument : uint64_t* 1086 Return : int 1087 1088This function reads a 64 bit error code from the non-volatile storage 1089into the received address, and returns 0 on success and -1 on failure. 1090 1091Common mandatory function modifications 1092--------------------------------------- 1093 1094The following functions are mandatory functions which need to be implemented 1095by the platform port. 1096 1097Function : plat_my_core_pos() 1098~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1099 1100:: 1101 1102 Argument : void 1103 Return : unsigned int 1104 1105This function returns the index of the calling CPU which is used as a 1106CPU-specific linear index into blocks of memory (for example while allocating 1107per-CPU stacks). This function will be invoked very early in the 1108initialization sequence which mandates that this function should be 1109implemented in assembly and should not rely on the availability of a C 1110runtime environment. This function can clobber x0 - x8 and must preserve 1111x9 - x29. 1112 1113This function plays a crucial role in the power domain topology framework in 1114PSCI and details of this can be found in 1115:ref:`PSCI Power Domain Tree Structure`. 1116 1117Function : plat_core_pos_by_mpidr() 1118~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1119 1120:: 1121 1122 Argument : u_register_t 1123 Return : int 1124 1125This function validates the ``MPIDR`` of a CPU and converts it to an index, 1126which can be used as a CPU-specific linear index into blocks of memory. In 1127case the ``MPIDR`` is invalid, this function returns -1. This function will only 1128be invoked by BL31 after the power domain topology is initialized and can 1129utilize the C runtime environment. For further details about how TF-A 1130represents the power domain topology and how this relates to the linear CPU 1131index, please refer :ref:`PSCI Power Domain Tree Structure`. 1132 1133Function : plat_get_mbedtls_heap() [when TRUSTED_BOARD_BOOT == 1] 1134~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1135 1136:: 1137 1138 Arguments : void **heap_addr, size_t *heap_size 1139 Return : int 1140 1141This function is invoked during Mbed TLS library initialisation to get a heap, 1142by means of a starting address and a size. This heap will then be used 1143internally by the Mbed TLS library. Hence, each BL stage that utilises Mbed TLS 1144must be able to provide a heap to it. 1145 1146A helper function can be found in `drivers/auth/mbedtls/mbedtls_common.c` in 1147which a heap is statically reserved during compile time inside every image 1148(i.e. every BL stage) that utilises Mbed TLS. In this default implementation, 1149the function simply returns the address and size of this "pre-allocated" heap. 1150For a platform to use this default implementation, only a call to the helper 1151from inside plat_get_mbedtls_heap() body is enough and nothing else is needed. 1152 1153However, by writting their own implementation, platforms have the potential to 1154optimise memory usage. For example, on some Arm platforms, the Mbed TLS heap is 1155shared between BL1 and BL2 stages and, thus, the necessary space is not reserved 1156twice. 1157 1158On success the function should return 0 and a negative error code otherwise. 1159 1160Function : plat_get_enc_key_info() [when FW_ENC_STATUS == 0 or 1] 1161~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1162 1163:: 1164 1165 Arguments : enum fw_enc_status_t fw_enc_status, uint8_t *key, 1166 size_t *key_len, unsigned int *flags, const uint8_t *img_id, 1167 size_t img_id_len 1168 Return : int 1169 1170This function provides a symmetric key (either SSK or BSSK depending on 1171fw_enc_status) which is invoked during runtime decryption of encrypted 1172firmware images. `plat/common/plat_bl_common.c` provides a dummy weak 1173implementation for testing purposes which must be overridden by the platform 1174trying to implement a real world firmware encryption use-case. 1175 1176It also allows the platform to pass symmetric key identifier rather than 1177actual symmetric key which is useful in cases where the crypto backend provides 1178secure storage for the symmetric key. So in this case ``ENC_KEY_IS_IDENTIFIER`` 1179flag must be set in ``flags``. 1180 1181In addition to above a platform may also choose to provide an image specific 1182symmetric key/identifier using img_id. 1183 1184On success the function should return 0 and a negative error code otherwise. 1185 1186Note that this API depends on ``DECRYPTION_SUPPORT`` build flag. 1187 1188Function : plat_fwu_set_images_source() [when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT == 1] 1189~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1190 1191:: 1192 1193 Argument : const struct fwu_metadata *metadata 1194 Return : void 1195 1196This function is mandatory when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT is enabled. 1197It provides a means to retrieve image specification (offset in 1198non-volatile storage and length) of active/updated images using the passed 1199FWU metadata, and update I/O policies of active/updated images using retrieved 1200image specification information. 1201Further I/O layer operations such as I/O open, I/O read, etc. on these 1202images rely on this function call. 1203 1204In Arm platforms, this function is used to set an I/O policy of the FIP image, 1205container of all active/updated secure and non-secure images. 1206 1207Function : plat_fwu_set_metadata_image_source() [when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT == 1] 1208~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1209 1210:: 1211 1212 Argument : unsigned int image_id, uintptr_t *dev_handle, 1213 uintptr_t *image_spec 1214 Return : int 1215 1216This function is mandatory when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT is enabled. It is 1217responsible for setting up the platform I/O policy of the requested metadata 1218image (either FWU_METADATA_IMAGE_ID or BKUP_FWU_METADATA_IMAGE_ID) that will 1219be used to load this image from the platform's non-volatile storage. 1220 1221FWU metadata can not be always stored as a raw image in non-volatile storage 1222to define its image specification (offset in non-volatile storage and length) 1223statically in I/O policy. 1224For example, the FWU metadata image is stored as a partition inside the GUID 1225partition table image. Its specification is defined in the partition table 1226that needs to be parsed dynamically. 1227This function provides a means to retrieve such dynamic information to set 1228the I/O policy of the FWU metadata image. 1229Further I/O layer operations such as I/O open, I/O read, etc. on FWU metadata 1230image relies on this function call. 1231 1232It returns '0' on success, otherwise a negative error value on error. 1233Alongside, returns device handle and image specification from the I/O policy 1234of the requested FWU metadata image. 1235 1236Function : plat_fwu_get_boot_idx() [when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT == 1] 1237~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1238 1239:: 1240 1241 Argument : void 1242 Return : uint32_t 1243 1244This function is mandatory when PSA_FWU_SUPPORT is enabled. It provides the 1245means to retrieve the boot index value from the platform. The boot index is the 1246bank from which the platform has booted the firmware images. 1247 1248By default, the platform will read the metadata structure and try to boot from 1249the active bank. If the platform fails to boot from the active bank due to 1250reasons like an Authentication failure, or on crossing a set number of watchdog 1251resets while booting from the active bank, the platform can then switch to boot 1252from a different bank. This function then returns the bank that the platform 1253should boot its images from. 1254 1255Common optional modifications 1256----------------------------- 1257 1258The following are helper functions implemented by the firmware that perform 1259common platform-specific tasks. A platform may choose to override these 1260definitions. 1261 1262Function : plat_set_my_stack() 1263~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1264 1265:: 1266 1267 Argument : void 1268 Return : void 1269 1270This function sets the current stack pointer to the normal memory stack that 1271has been allocated for the current CPU. For BL images that only require a 1272stack for the primary CPU, the UP version of the function is used. The size 1273of the stack allocated to each CPU is specified by the platform defined 1274constant ``PLATFORM_STACK_SIZE``. 1275 1276Common implementations of this function for the UP and MP BL images are 1277provided in ``plat/common/aarch64/platform_up_stack.S`` and 1278``plat/common/aarch64/platform_mp_stack.S`` 1279 1280Function : plat_get_my_stack() 1281~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1282 1283:: 1284 1285 Argument : void 1286 Return : uintptr_t 1287 1288This function returns the base address of the normal memory stack that 1289has been allocated for the current CPU. For BL images that only require a 1290stack for the primary CPU, the UP version of the function is used. The size 1291of the stack allocated to each CPU is specified by the platform defined 1292constant ``PLATFORM_STACK_SIZE``. 1293 1294Common implementations of this function for the UP and MP BL images are 1295provided in ``plat/common/aarch64/platform_up_stack.S`` and 1296``plat/common/aarch64/platform_mp_stack.S`` 1297 1298Function : plat_report_exception() 1299~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1300 1301:: 1302 1303 Argument : unsigned int 1304 Return : void 1305 1306A platform may need to report various information about its status when an 1307exception is taken, for example the current exception level, the CPU security 1308state (secure/non-secure), the exception type, and so on. This function is 1309called in the following circumstances: 1310 1311- In BL1, whenever an exception is taken. 1312- In BL2, whenever an exception is taken. 1313 1314The default implementation doesn't do anything, to avoid making assumptions 1315about the way the platform displays its status information. 1316 1317For AArch64, this function receives the exception type as its argument. 1318Possible values for exceptions types are listed in the 1319``include/common/bl_common.h`` header file. Note that these constants are not 1320related to any architectural exception code; they are just a TF-A convention. 1321 1322For AArch32, this function receives the exception mode as its argument. 1323Possible values for exception modes are listed in the 1324``include/lib/aarch32/arch.h`` header file. 1325 1326Function : plat_reset_handler() 1327~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1328 1329:: 1330 1331 Argument : void 1332 Return : void 1333 1334A platform may need to do additional initialization after reset. This function 1335allows the platform to do the platform specific initializations. Platform 1336specific errata workarounds could also be implemented here. The API should 1337preserve the values of callee saved registers x19 to x29. 1338 1339The default implementation doesn't do anything. If a platform needs to override 1340the default implementation, refer to the :ref:`Firmware Design` for general 1341guidelines. 1342 1343Function : plat_disable_acp() 1344~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1345 1346:: 1347 1348 Argument : void 1349 Return : void 1350 1351This API allows a platform to disable the Accelerator Coherency Port (if 1352present) during a cluster power down sequence. The default weak implementation 1353doesn't do anything. Since this API is called during the power down sequence, 1354it has restrictions for stack usage and it can use the registers x0 - x17 as 1355scratch registers. It should preserve the value in x18 register as it is used 1356by the caller to store the return address. 1357 1358Function : plat_error_handler() 1359~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1360 1361:: 1362 1363 Argument : int 1364 Return : void 1365 1366This API is called when the generic code encounters an error situation from 1367which it cannot continue. It allows the platform to perform error reporting or 1368recovery actions (for example, reset the system). This function must not return. 1369 1370The parameter indicates the type of error using standard codes from ``errno.h``. 1371Possible errors reported by the generic code are: 1372 1373- ``-EAUTH``: a certificate or image could not be authenticated (when Trusted 1374 Board Boot is enabled) 1375- ``-ENOENT``: the requested image or certificate could not be found or an IO 1376 error was detected 1377- ``-ENOMEM``: resources exhausted. TF-A does not use dynamic memory, so this 1378 error is usually an indication of an incorrect array size 1379 1380The default implementation simply spins. 1381 1382Function : plat_panic_handler() 1383~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1384 1385:: 1386 1387 Argument : void 1388 Return : void 1389 1390This API is called when the generic code encounters an unexpected error 1391situation from which it cannot recover. This function must not return, 1392and must be implemented in assembly because it may be called before the C 1393environment is initialized. 1394 1395.. note:: 1396 The address from where it was called is stored in x30 (Link Register). 1397 The default implementation simply spins. 1398 1399Function : plat_system_reset() 1400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1401 1402:: 1403 1404 Argument : void 1405 Return : void 1406 1407This function is used by the platform to resets the system. It can be used 1408in any specific use-case where system needs to be resetted. For example, 1409in case of DRTM implementation this function reset the system after 1410writing the DRTM error code in the non-volatile storage. This function 1411never returns. Failure in reset results in panic. 1412 1413Function : plat_get_bl_image_load_info() 1414~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1415 1416:: 1417 1418 Argument : void 1419 Return : bl_load_info_t * 1420 1421This function returns pointer to the list of images that the platform has 1422populated to load. This function is invoked in BL2 to load the 1423BL3xx images. 1424 1425Function : plat_get_next_bl_params() 1426~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1427 1428:: 1429 1430 Argument : void 1431 Return : bl_params_t * 1432 1433This function returns a pointer to the shared memory that the platform has 1434kept aside to pass TF-A related information that next BL image needs. This 1435function is invoked in BL2 to pass this information to the next BL 1436image. 1437 1438Function : plat_get_stack_protector_canary() 1439~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1440 1441:: 1442 1443 Argument : void 1444 Return : u_register_t 1445 1446This function returns a random value that is used to initialize the canary used 1447when the stack protector is enabled with ENABLE_STACK_PROTECTOR. A predictable 1448value will weaken the protection as the attacker could easily write the right 1449value as part of the attack most of the time. Therefore, it should return a 1450true random number. 1451 1452.. warning:: 1453 For the protection to be effective, the global data need to be placed at 1454 a lower address than the stack bases. Failure to do so would allow an 1455 attacker to overwrite the canary as part of the stack buffer overflow attack. 1456 1457Function : plat_flush_next_bl_params() 1458~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1459 1460:: 1461 1462 Argument : void 1463 Return : void 1464 1465This function flushes to main memory all the image params that are passed to 1466next image. This function is invoked in BL2 to flush this information 1467to the next BL image. 1468 1469Function : plat_log_get_prefix() 1470~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1471 1472:: 1473 1474 Argument : unsigned int 1475 Return : const char * 1476 1477This function defines the prefix string corresponding to the `log_level` to be 1478prepended to all the log output from TF-A. The `log_level` (argument) will 1479correspond to one of the standard log levels defined in debug.h. The platform 1480can override the common implementation to define a different prefix string for 1481the log output. The implementation should be robust to future changes that 1482increase the number of log levels. 1483 1484Function : plat_get_soc_version() 1485~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1486 1487:: 1488 1489 Argument : void 1490 Return : int32_t 1491 1492This function returns soc version which mainly consist of below fields 1493 1494:: 1495 1496 soc_version[30:24] = JEP-106 continuation code for the SiP 1497 soc_version[23:16] = JEP-106 identification code with parity bit for the SiP 1498 soc_version[15:0] = Implementation defined SoC ID 1499 1500Function : plat_get_soc_revision() 1501~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1502 1503:: 1504 1505 Argument : void 1506 Return : int32_t 1507 1508This function returns soc revision in below format 1509 1510:: 1511 1512 soc_revision[0:30] = SOC revision of specific SOC 1513 1514Function : plat_is_smccc_feature_available() 1515~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1516 1517:: 1518 1519 Argument : u_register_t 1520 Return : int32_t 1521 1522This function returns SMC_ARCH_CALL_SUCCESS if the platform supports 1523the SMCCC function specified in the argument; otherwise returns 1524SMC_ARCH_CALL_NOT_SUPPORTED. 1525 1526Function : plat_can_cmo() 1527~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1528 1529:: 1530 1531 Argument : void 1532 Return : uint64_t 1533 1534When CONDITIONAL_CMO flag is enabled: 1535 1536- This function indicates whether cache management operations should be 1537 performed. It returns 0 if CMOs should be skipped and non-zero 1538 otherwise. 1539- The function must not clobber x1, x2 and x3. It's also not safe to rely on 1540 stack. Otherwise obey AAPCS. 1541 1542Struct: plat_try_images_ops [optional] 1543~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1544 1545This optional structure holds platform hooks for alternative images load. 1546It has to be defined in platform code and registered by calling 1547plat_setup_try_img_ops() function, passing it the address of the 1548plat_try_images_ops struct. 1549 1550Function : plat_setup_try_img_ops [optional] 1551............................................ 1552 1553:: 1554 1555 Argument : const struct plat_try_images_ops * 1556 Return : void 1557 1558This optional function is called to register platform try images ops, given 1559as argument. 1560 1561Function : plat_try_images_ops.next_instance [optional] 1562....................................................... 1563 1564:: 1565 1566 Argument : unsigned int image_id 1567 Return : int 1568 1569This optional function tries to load images from alternative places. 1570In case PSA FWU is not used, it can be any instance or media. If PSA FWU is 1571used, it is mandatory that the backup image is on the same media. 1572This is required for MTD devices like NAND. 1573The argument is the ID of the image for which we are looking for an alternative 1574place. It returns 0 in case of success and a negative errno value otherwise. 1575 1576Modifications specific to a Boot Loader stage 1577--------------------------------------------- 1578 1579Boot Loader Stage 1 (BL1) 1580------------------------- 1581 1582BL1 implements the reset vector where execution starts from after a cold or 1583warm boot. For each CPU, BL1 is responsible for the following tasks: 1584 1585#. Handling the reset as described in section 2.2 1586 1587#. In the case of a cold boot and the CPU being the primary CPU, ensuring that 1588 only this CPU executes the remaining BL1 code, including loading and passing 1589 control to the BL2 stage. 1590 1591#. Identifying and starting the Firmware Update process (if required). 1592 1593#. Loading the BL2 image from non-volatile storage into secure memory at the 1594 address specified by the platform defined constant ``BL2_BASE``. 1595 1596#. Populating a ``meminfo`` structure with the following information in memory, 1597 accessible by BL2 immediately upon entry. 1598 1599 :: 1600 1601 meminfo.total_base = Base address of secure RAM visible to BL2 1602 meminfo.total_size = Size of secure RAM visible to BL2 1603 1604 By default, BL1 places this ``meminfo`` structure at the end of secure 1605 memory visible to BL2. 1606 1607 It is possible for the platform to decide where it wants to place the 1608 ``meminfo`` structure for BL2 or restrict the amount of memory visible to 1609 BL2 by overriding the weak default implementation of 1610 ``bl1_plat_handle_post_image_load`` API. 1611 1612The following functions need to be implemented by the platform port to enable 1613BL1 to perform the above tasks. 1614 1615Function : bl1_early_platform_setup() [mandatory] 1616~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1617 1618:: 1619 1620 Argument : void 1621 Return : void 1622 1623This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 1624by the primary CPU. 1625 1626On Arm standard platforms, this function: 1627 1628- Enables a secure instance of SP805 to act as the Trusted Watchdog. 1629 1630- Initializes a UART (PL011 console), which enables access to the ``printf`` 1631 family of functions in BL1. 1632 1633- Enables issuing of snoop and DVM (Distributed Virtual Memory) requests to 1634 the CCI slave interface corresponding to the cluster that includes the 1635 primary CPU. 1636 1637Function : bl1_plat_arch_setup() [mandatory] 1638~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1639 1640:: 1641 1642 Argument : void 1643 Return : void 1644 1645This function performs any platform-specific and architectural setup that the 1646platform requires. Platform-specific setup might include configuration of 1647memory controllers and the interconnect. 1648 1649In Arm standard platforms, this function enables the MMU. 1650 1651This function helps fulfill requirement 2 above. 1652 1653Function : bl1_platform_setup() [mandatory] 1654~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1655 1656:: 1657 1658 Argument : void 1659 Return : void 1660 1661This function executes with the MMU and data caches enabled. It is responsible 1662for performing any remaining platform-specific setup that can occur after the 1663MMU and data cache have been enabled. 1664 1665In Arm standard platforms, this function initializes the storage abstraction 1666layer used to load the next bootloader image. 1667 1668This function helps fulfill requirement 4 above. 1669 1670Function : bl1_plat_sec_mem_layout() [mandatory] 1671~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1672 1673:: 1674 1675 Argument : void 1676 Return : meminfo * 1677 1678This function should only be called on the cold boot path. It executes with the 1679MMU and data caches enabled. The pointer returned by this function must point to 1680a ``meminfo`` structure containing the extents and availability of secure RAM for 1681the BL1 stage. 1682 1683:: 1684 1685 meminfo.total_base = Base address of secure RAM visible to BL1 1686 meminfo.total_size = Size of secure RAM visible to BL1 1687 1688This information is used by BL1 to load the BL2 image in secure RAM. BL1 also 1689populates a similar structure to tell BL2 the extents of memory available for 1690its own use. 1691 1692This function helps fulfill requirements 4 and 5 above. 1693 1694Function : bl1_plat_prepare_exit() [optional] 1695~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1696 1697:: 1698 1699 Argument : entry_point_info_t * 1700 Return : void 1701 1702This function is called prior to exiting BL1 in response to the 1703``BL1_SMC_RUN_IMAGE`` SMC request raised by BL2. It should be used to perform 1704platform specific clean up or bookkeeping operations before transferring 1705control to the next image. It receives the address of the ``entry_point_info_t`` 1706structure passed from BL2. This function runs with MMU disabled. 1707 1708Function : bl1_plat_set_ep_info() [optional] 1709~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1710 1711:: 1712 1713 Argument : unsigned int image_id, entry_point_info_t *ep_info 1714 Return : void 1715 1716This function allows platforms to override ``ep_info`` for the given ``image_id``. 1717 1718The default implementation just returns. 1719 1720Function : bl1_plat_get_next_image_id() [optional] 1721~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1722 1723:: 1724 1725 Argument : void 1726 Return : unsigned int 1727 1728This and the following function must be overridden to enable the FWU feature. 1729 1730BL1 calls this function after platform setup to identify the next image to be 1731loaded and executed. If the platform returns ``BL2_IMAGE_ID`` then BL1 proceeds 1732with the normal boot sequence, which loads and executes BL2. If the platform 1733returns a different image id, BL1 assumes that Firmware Update is required. 1734 1735The default implementation always returns ``BL2_IMAGE_ID``. The Arm development 1736platforms override this function to detect if firmware update is required, and 1737if so, return the first image in the firmware update process. 1738 1739Function : bl1_plat_get_image_desc() [optional] 1740~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1741 1742:: 1743 1744 Argument : unsigned int image_id 1745 Return : image_desc_t * 1746 1747BL1 calls this function to get the image descriptor information ``image_desc_t`` 1748for the provided ``image_id`` from the platform. 1749 1750The default implementation always returns a common BL2 image descriptor. Arm 1751standard platforms return an image descriptor corresponding to BL2 or one of 1752the firmware update images defined in the Trusted Board Boot Requirements 1753specification. 1754 1755Function : bl1_plat_handle_pre_image_load() [optional] 1756~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1757 1758:: 1759 1760 Argument : unsigned int image_id 1761 Return : int 1762 1763This function can be used by the platforms to update/use image information 1764corresponding to ``image_id``. This function is invoked in BL1, both in cold 1765boot and FWU code path, before loading the image. 1766 1767Function : bl1_plat_calc_bl2_layout() [optional] 1768~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1769 1770:: 1771 1772 Argument : const meminfo_t *bl1_mem_layout, meminfo_t *bl2_mem_layout 1773 Return : void 1774 1775This utility function calculates the memory layout of BL2, representing it in a 1776`meminfo_t` structure. The default implementation derives this layout from the 1777positioning of BL1’s RW data at the top of the memory layout. 1778 1779Function : bl1_plat_handle_post_image_load() [optional] 1780~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1781 1782:: 1783 1784 Argument : unsigned int image_id 1785 Return : int 1786 1787This function can be used by the platforms to update/use image information 1788corresponding to ``image_id``. This function is invoked in BL1, both in cold 1789boot and FWU code path, after loading and authenticating the image. 1790 1791The default weak implementation of this function calculates the amount of 1792Trusted SRAM that can be used by BL2 and allocates a ``meminfo_t`` 1793structure at the beginning of this free memory and populates it. The address 1794of ``meminfo_t`` structure is updated in ``arg1`` of the entrypoint 1795information to BL2. 1796 1797Function : bl1_plat_fwu_done() [optional] 1798~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1799 1800:: 1801 1802 Argument : unsigned int image_id, uintptr_t image_src, 1803 unsigned int image_size 1804 Return : void 1805 1806BL1 calls this function when the FWU process is complete. It must not return. 1807The platform may override this function to take platform specific action, for 1808example to initiate the normal boot flow. 1809 1810The default implementation spins forever. 1811 1812Function : bl1_plat_mem_check() [mandatory] 1813~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1814 1815:: 1816 1817 Argument : uintptr_t mem_base, unsigned int mem_size, 1818 unsigned int flags 1819 Return : int 1820 1821BL1 calls this function while handling FWU related SMCs, more specifically when 1822copying or authenticating an image. Its responsibility is to ensure that the 1823region of memory identified by ``mem_base`` and ``mem_size`` is mapped in BL1, and 1824that this memory corresponds to either a secure or non-secure memory region as 1825indicated by the security state of the ``flags`` argument. 1826 1827This function can safely assume that the value resulting from the addition of 1828``mem_base`` and ``mem_size`` fits into a ``uintptr_t`` type variable and does not 1829overflow. 1830 1831This function must return 0 on success, a non-null error code otherwise. 1832 1833The default implementation of this function asserts therefore platforms must 1834override it when using the FWU feature. 1835 1836Boot Loader Stage 2 (BL2) 1837------------------------- 1838 1839The BL2 stage is executed only by the primary CPU, which is determined in BL1 1840using the ``platform_is_primary_cpu()`` function. BL1 passed control to BL2 at 1841``BL2_BASE``. BL2 executes in Secure EL1 and and invokes 1842``plat_get_bl_image_load_info()`` to retrieve the list of images to load from 1843non-volatile storage to secure/non-secure RAM. After all the images are loaded 1844then BL2 invokes ``plat_get_next_bl_params()`` to get the list of executable 1845images to be passed to the next BL image. 1846 1847The following functions must be implemented by the platform port to enable BL2 1848to perform the above tasks. 1849 1850Function : bl2_early_platform_setup2() [mandatory] 1851~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1852 1853:: 1854 1855 Argument : u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t 1856 Return : void 1857 1858This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 1859by the primary CPU. The 4 arguments are passed by BL1 to BL2 and these arguments 1860are platform specific. 1861 1862On Arm standard platforms, the arguments received are : 1863 1864 arg0 - Points to load address of FW_CONFIG 1865 1866 arg1 - ``meminfo`` structure populated by BL1. The platform copies 1867 the contents of ``meminfo`` as it may be subsequently overwritten by BL2. 1868 1869On Arm standard platforms, this function also: 1870 1871- Initializes a UART (PL011 console), which enables access to the ``printf`` 1872 family of functions in BL2. 1873 1874- Initializes the storage abstraction layer used to load further bootloader 1875 images. It is necessary to do this early on platforms with a SCP_BL2 image, 1876 since the later ``bl2_platform_setup`` must be done after SCP_BL2 is loaded. 1877 1878Function : bl2_plat_arch_setup() [mandatory] 1879~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1880 1881:: 1882 1883 Argument : void 1884 Return : void 1885 1886This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 1887by the primary CPU. 1888 1889The purpose of this function is to perform any architectural initialization 1890that varies across platforms. 1891 1892On Arm standard platforms, this function enables the MMU. 1893 1894Function : bl2_platform_setup() [mandatory] 1895~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1896 1897:: 1898 1899 Argument : void 1900 Return : void 1901 1902This function may execute with the MMU and data caches enabled if the platform 1903port does the necessary initialization in ``bl2_plat_arch_setup()``. It is only 1904called by the primary CPU. 1905 1906The purpose of this function is to perform any platform initialization 1907specific to BL2. 1908 1909In Arm standard platforms, this function performs security setup, including 1910configuration of the TrustZone controller to allow non-secure masters access 1911to most of DRAM. Part of DRAM is reserved for secure world use. 1912 1913Function : bl2_plat_handle_pre_image_load() [optional] 1914~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1915 1916:: 1917 1918 Argument : unsigned int 1919 Return : int 1920 1921This function can be used by the platforms to update/use image information 1922for given ``image_id``. This function is currently invoked in BL2 before 1923loading each image. 1924 1925Function : bl2_plat_handle_post_image_load() [optional] 1926~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1927 1928:: 1929 1930 Argument : unsigned int 1931 Return : int 1932 1933This function can be used by the platforms to update/use image information 1934for given ``image_id``. This function is currently invoked in BL2 after 1935loading each image. 1936 1937Function : bl2_plat_preload_setup [optional] 1938~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1939 1940:: 1941 1942 Argument : void 1943 Return : void 1944 1945This optional function performs any BL2 platform initialization 1946required before image loading, that is not done later in 1947bl2_platform_setup(). 1948 1949Boot Loader Stage 2 (BL2) at EL3 1950-------------------------------- 1951 1952When the platform has a non-TF-A Boot ROM it is desirable to jump 1953directly to BL2 instead of TF-A BL1. In this case BL2 is expected to 1954execute at EL3 instead of executing at EL1. Refer to the :ref:`Firmware Design` 1955document for more information. 1956 1957All mandatory functions of BL2 must be implemented, except the functions 1958bl2_early_platform_setup and bl2_el3_plat_arch_setup, because 1959their work is done now by bl2_el3_early_platform_setup and 1960bl2_el3_plat_arch_setup. These functions should generally implement 1961the bl1_plat_xxx() and bl2_plat_xxx() functionality combined. 1962 1963 1964Function : bl2_el3_early_platform_setup() [mandatory] 1965~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1966 1967:: 1968 1969 Argument : u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t 1970 Return : void 1971 1972This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 1973by the primary CPU. This function receives four parameters which can be used 1974by the platform to pass any needed information from the Boot ROM to BL2. 1975 1976On Arm standard platforms, this function does the following: 1977 1978- Initializes a UART (PL011 console), which enables access to the ``printf`` 1979 family of functions in BL2. 1980 1981- Initializes the storage abstraction layer used to load further bootloader 1982 images. It is necessary to do this early on platforms with a SCP_BL2 image, 1983 since the later ``bl2_platform_setup`` must be done after SCP_BL2 is loaded. 1984 1985- Initializes the private variables that define the memory layout used. 1986 1987Function : bl2_el3_plat_arch_setup() [mandatory] 1988~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1989 1990:: 1991 1992 Argument : void 1993 Return : void 1994 1995This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 1996by the primary CPU. 1997 1998The purpose of this function is to perform any architectural initialization 1999that varies across platforms. 2000 2001On Arm standard platforms, this function enables the MMU. 2002 2003Function : bl2_el3_plat_prepare_exit() [optional] 2004~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2005 2006:: 2007 2008 Argument : void 2009 Return : void 2010 2011This function is called prior to exiting BL2 and run the next image. 2012It should be used to perform platform specific clean up or bookkeeping 2013operations before transferring control to the next image. This function 2014runs with MMU disabled. 2015 2016FWU Boot Loader Stage 2 (BL2U) 2017------------------------------ 2018 2019The AP Firmware Updater Configuration, BL2U, is an optional part of the FWU 2020process and is executed only by the primary CPU. BL1 passes control to BL2U at 2021``BL2U_BASE``. BL2U executes in Secure-EL1 and is responsible for: 2022 2023#. (Optional) Transferring the optional SCP_BL2U binary image from AP secure 2024 memory to SCP RAM. BL2U uses the SCP_BL2U ``image_info`` passed by BL1. 2025 ``SCP_BL2U_BASE`` defines the address in AP secure memory where SCP_BL2U 2026 should be copied from. Subsequent handling of the SCP_BL2U image is 2027 implemented by the platform specific ``bl2u_plat_handle_scp_bl2u()`` function. 2028 If ``SCP_BL2U_BASE`` is not defined then this step is not performed. 2029 2030#. Any platform specific setup required to perform the FWU process. For 2031 example, Arm standard platforms initialize the TZC controller so that the 2032 normal world can access DDR memory. 2033 2034The following functions must be implemented by the platform port to enable 2035BL2U to perform the tasks mentioned above. 2036 2037Function : bl2u_early_platform_setup() [mandatory] 2038~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2039 2040:: 2041 2042 Argument : meminfo *mem_info, void *plat_info 2043 Return : void 2044 2045This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only 2046called by the primary CPU. The arguments to this function is the address 2047of the ``meminfo`` structure and platform specific info provided by BL1. 2048 2049The platform may copy the contents of the ``mem_info`` and ``plat_info`` into 2050private storage as the original memory may be subsequently overwritten by BL2U. 2051 2052On Arm CSS platforms ``plat_info`` is interpreted as an ``image_info_t`` structure, 2053to extract SCP_BL2U image information, which is then copied into a private 2054variable. 2055 2056Function : bl2u_plat_arch_setup() [mandatory] 2057~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2058 2059:: 2060 2061 Argument : void 2062 Return : void 2063 2064This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only 2065called by the primary CPU. 2066 2067The purpose of this function is to perform any architectural initialization 2068that varies across platforms, for example enabling the MMU (since the memory 2069map differs across platforms). 2070 2071Function : bl2u_platform_setup() [mandatory] 2072~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2073 2074:: 2075 2076 Argument : void 2077 Return : void 2078 2079This function may execute with the MMU and data caches enabled if the platform 2080port does the necessary initialization in ``bl2u_plat_arch_setup()``. It is only 2081called by the primary CPU. 2082 2083The purpose of this function is to perform any platform initialization 2084specific to BL2U. 2085 2086In Arm standard platforms, this function performs security setup, including 2087configuration of the TrustZone controller to allow non-secure masters access 2088to most of DRAM. Part of DRAM is reserved for secure world use. 2089 2090Function : bl2u_plat_handle_scp_bl2u() [optional] 2091~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2092 2093:: 2094 2095 Argument : void 2096 Return : int 2097 2098This function is used to perform any platform-specific actions required to 2099handle the SCP firmware. Typically it transfers the image into SCP memory using 2100a platform-specific protocol and waits until SCP executes it and signals to the 2101Application Processor (AP) for BL2U execution to continue. 2102 2103This function returns 0 on success, a negative error code otherwise. 2104This function is included if SCP_BL2U_BASE is defined. 2105 2106Boot Loader Stage 3-1 (BL31) 2107---------------------------- 2108 2109During cold boot, the BL31 stage is executed only by the primary CPU. This is 2110determined in BL1 using the ``platform_is_primary_cpu()`` function. BL1 passes 2111control to BL31 at ``BL31_BASE``. During warm boot, BL31 is executed by all 2112CPUs. BL31 executes at EL3 and is responsible for: 2113 2114#. Re-initializing all architectural and platform state. Although BL1 performs 2115 some of this initialization, BL31 remains resident in EL3 and must ensure 2116 that EL3 architectural and platform state is completely initialized. It 2117 should make no assumptions about the system state when it receives control. 2118 2119#. Passing control to a normal world BL image, pre-loaded at a platform- 2120 specific address by BL2. On ARM platforms, BL31 uses the ``bl_params`` list 2121 populated by BL2 in memory to do this. 2122 2123#. Providing runtime firmware services. Currently, BL31 only implements a 2124 subset of the Power State Coordination Interface (PSCI) API as a runtime 2125 service. See :ref:`psci_in_bl31` below for details of porting the PSCI 2126 implementation. 2127 2128#. Optionally passing control to the BL32 image, pre-loaded at a platform- 2129 specific address by BL2. BL31 exports a set of APIs that allow runtime 2130 services to specify the security state in which the next image should be 2131 executed and run the corresponding image. On ARM platforms, BL31 uses the 2132 ``bl_params`` list populated by BL2 in memory to do this. 2133 2134If BL31 is a reset vector, It also needs to handle the reset as specified in 2135section 2.2 before the tasks described above. 2136 2137The following functions must be implemented by the platform port to enable BL31 2138to perform the above tasks. 2139 2140Function : bl31_early_platform_setup2() [mandatory] 2141~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2142 2143:: 2144 2145 Argument : u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t, u_register_t 2146 Return : void 2147 2148This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 2149by the primary CPU. BL2 can pass 4 arguments to BL31 and these arguments are 2150platform specific. 2151 2152In Arm standard platforms, the arguments received are : 2153 2154 arg0 - The pointer to the head of `bl_params_t` list 2155 which is list of executable images following BL31, 2156 2157 arg1 - Points to load address of SOC_FW_CONFIG if present 2158 except in case of Arm FVP and Juno platform. 2159 2160 In case of Arm FVP and Juno platform, points to load address 2161 of FW_CONFIG. 2162 2163 arg2 - Points to load address of HW_CONFIG if present 2164 2165 arg3 - A special value to verify platform parameters from BL2 to BL31. Not 2166 used in release builds. 2167 2168The function runs through the `bl_param_t` list and extracts the entry point 2169information for BL32 and BL33. It also performs the following: 2170 2171- Initialize a UART (PL011 console), which enables access to the ``printf`` 2172 family of functions in BL31. 2173 2174- Enable issuing of snoop and DVM (Distributed Virtual Memory) requests to the 2175 CCI slave interface corresponding to the cluster that includes the primary 2176 CPU. 2177 2178Function : bl31_plat_arch_setup() [mandatory] 2179~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2180 2181:: 2182 2183 Argument : void 2184 Return : void 2185 2186This function executes with the MMU and data caches disabled. It is only called 2187by the primary CPU. 2188 2189The purpose of this function is to perform any architectural initialization 2190that varies across platforms. 2191 2192On Arm standard platforms, this function enables the MMU. 2193 2194Function : bl31_platform_setup() [mandatory] 2195~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2196 2197:: 2198 2199 Argument : void 2200 Return : void 2201 2202This function may execute with the MMU and data caches enabled if the platform 2203port does the necessary initialization in ``bl31_plat_arch_setup()``. It is only 2204called by the primary CPU. 2205 2206The purpose of this function is to complete platform initialization so that both 2207BL31 runtime services and normal world software can function correctly. 2208 2209On Arm standard platforms, this function does the following: 2210 2211- Initialize the generic interrupt controller. 2212 2213 Depending on the GIC driver selected by the platform, the appropriate GICv2 2214 or GICv3 initialization will be done, which mainly consists of: 2215 2216 - Enable secure interrupts in the GIC CPU interface. 2217 - Disable the legacy interrupt bypass mechanism. 2218 - Configure the priority mask register to allow interrupts of all priorities 2219 to be signaled to the CPU interface. 2220 - Mark SGIs 8-15 and the other secure interrupts on the platform as secure. 2221 - Target all secure SPIs to CPU0. 2222 - Enable these secure interrupts in the GIC distributor. 2223 - Configure all other interrupts as non-secure. 2224 - Enable signaling of secure interrupts in the GIC distributor. 2225 2226- Enable system-level implementation of the generic timer counter through the 2227 memory mapped interface. 2228 2229- Grant access to the system counter timer module 2230 2231- Initialize the power controller device. 2232 2233 In particular, initialise the locks that prevent concurrent accesses to the 2234 power controller device. 2235 2236Function : bl31_plat_runtime_setup() [optional] 2237~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2238 2239:: 2240 2241 Argument : void 2242 Return : void 2243 2244The purpose of this function is to allow the platform to perform any BL31 runtime 2245setup just prior to BL31 exit during cold boot. The default weak implementation 2246of this function is empty. Any platform that needs to perform additional runtime 2247setup, before BL31 exits, will need to override this function. 2248 2249Function : bl31_plat_get_next_image_ep_info() [mandatory] 2250~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2251 2252:: 2253 2254 Argument : uint32_t 2255 Return : entry_point_info * 2256 2257This function may execute with the MMU and data caches enabled if the platform 2258port does the necessary initializations in ``bl31_plat_arch_setup()``. 2259 2260This function is called by ``bl31_main()`` to retrieve information provided by 2261BL2 for the next image in the security state specified by the argument. BL31 2262uses this information to pass control to that image in the specified security 2263state. This function must return a pointer to the ``entry_point_info`` structure 2264(that was copied during ``bl31_early_platform_setup()``) if the image exists. It 2265should return NULL otherwise. 2266 2267Function : plat_rmmd_get_cca_attest_token() [mandatory when ENABLE_RME == 1] 2268~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2269 2270:: 2271 2272 Argument : uintptr_t, size_t *, uintptr_t, size_t, size_t * 2273 Return : int 2274 2275This function returns the Platform attestation token. If the full token does 2276not fit in the buffer, the function will return a hunk of the token and 2277indicate how many bytes were copied and how many are pending. Multiple calls 2278to this function may be needed to retrieve the entire token. 2279 2280The parameters of the function are: 2281 2282 arg0 - A pointer to the buffer where the Platform token should be copied by 2283 this function. If the platform token does not completely fit in the 2284 buffer, the function may return a piece of the token only. 2285 2286 arg1 - Contains the size (in bytes) of the buffer passed in arg0. In 2287 addition, this parameter is used by the function to return the size 2288 of the platform token length hunk copied to the buffer. 2289 2290 arg2 - A pointer to the buffer where the challenge object is stored. 2291 2292 arg3 - The length of the challenge object in bytes. Possible values are 32, 2293 48 and 64. This argument must be zero for subsequent calls to 2294 retrieve the remaining hunks of the token. 2295 2296 arg4 - Returns the remaining length of the token (in bytes) that is yet to 2297 be returned in further calls. 2298 2299The function returns 0 on success, -EINVAL on failure and -EAGAIN if the 2300resource associated with the platform token retrieval is busy. 2301 2302Function : plat_rmmd_get_cca_realm_attest_key() [mandatory when ENABLE_RME == 1] 2303~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2304 2305:: 2306 2307 Argument : uintptr_t, size_t *, unsigned int 2308 Return : int 2309 2310This function returns the delegated realm attestation key which will be used to 2311sign Realm attestation token. The API currently only supports P-384 ECC curve 2312key. 2313 2314The parameters of the function are: 2315 2316 arg0 - A pointer to the buffer where the attestation key should be copied 2317 by this function. The buffer must be big enough to hold the 2318 attestation key. 2319 2320 arg1 - Contains the size (in bytes) of the buffer passed in arg0. The 2321 function returns the attestation key length in this parameter. 2322 2323 arg2 - The type of the elliptic curve to which the requested attestation key 2324 belongs. 2325 2326The function returns 0 on success, -EINVAL on failure. 2327 2328Function : plat_rmmd_get_el3_rmm_shared_mem() [when ENABLE_RME == 1] 2329~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2330 2331:: 2332 2333 Argument : uintptr_t * 2334 Return : size_t 2335 2336This function returns the size of the shared area between EL3 and RMM (or 0 on 2337failure). A pointer to the shared area (or a NULL pointer on failure) is stored 2338in the pointer passed as argument. 2339 2340Function : plat_rmmd_load_manifest() [when ENABLE_RME == 1] 2341~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2342 2343:: 2344 2345 Arguments : rmm_manifest_t *manifest 2346 Return : int 2347 2348When ENABLE_RME is enabled, this function populates a boot manifest for the 2349RMM image and stores it in the area specified by manifest. 2350 2351When ENABLE_RME is disabled, this function is not used. 2352 2353Function : plat_rmm_mecid_key_update() [when ENABLE_RME == 1] 2354~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2355 2356:: 2357 2358 Argument : uint16_t 2359 Return : int 2360 2361This function is invoked by BL31's RMMD when there is a request from the RMM 2362monitor to update the tweak for the encryption key associated to a MECID. 2363 2364The first parameter (``uint16_t mecid``) contains the MECID for which the 2365encryption key is to be updated. 2366 2367Return value is 0 upon success and -EFAULT otherwise. 2368 2369This function needs to be implemented by a platform if it enables RME. 2370 2371Function : plat_rmmd_el3_token_sign_push_req() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_EL3_TOKEN_SIGN == 1] 2372~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2373 2374:: 2375 2376 Arguments : const struct el3_token_sign_request *req 2377 Return : int 2378 2379Queue realm attestation token signing request from the RMM in EL3. The interface between 2380the RMM and EL3 is modeled as a queue but the underlying implementation may be different, 2381so long as the semantics of queuing and the error codes are used as defined below. 2382 2383See :ref:`el3_token_sign_request_struct` for definition of the request structure. 2384 2385Optional interface from the RMM-EL3 interface v0.4 onwards. 2386 2387The parameters of the functions are: 2388 arg0: Pointer to the token sign request to be pushed to EL3. 2389 The structure must be located in the RMM-EL3 shared 2390 memory buffer and must be locked before use. 2391 2392Return codes: 2393 - E_RMM_OK On Success. 2394 - E_RMM_INVAL If the arguments are invalid. 2395 - E_RMM_AGAIN Indicates that the request was not queued since the 2396 queue in EL3 is full. This may also be returned for any reason 2397 or situation in the system, that prevents accepting the request 2398 from the RMM. 2399 - E_RMM_UNK If the SMC is not implemented or if interface 2400 version is < 0.4. 2401 2402Function : plat_rmmd_el3_token_sign_pull_resp() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_EL3_TOKEN_SIGN == 1] 2403~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2404 2405:: 2406 2407 Arguments : struct el3_token_sign_response *resp 2408 Return : int 2409 2410Populate the attestation signing response in the ``resp`` parameter. The interface between 2411the RMM and EL3 is modeled as a queue for responses but the underlying implementation may 2412be different, so long as the semantics of queuing and the error codes are used as defined 2413below. 2414 2415See :ref:`el3_token_sign_response_struct` for definition of the response structure. 2416 2417Optional interface from the RMM-EL3 interface v0.4 onwards. 2418 2419The parameters of the functions are: 2420 resp: Pointer to the token sign response to get from EL3. 2421 The structure must be located in the RMM-EL3 shared 2422 memory buffer and must be locked before use. 2423 2424Return: 2425 - E_RMM_OK On Success. 2426 - E_RMM_INVAL If the arguments are invalid. 2427 - E_RMM_AGAIN Indicates that a response is not ready yet. 2428 - E_RMM_UNK If the SMC is not implemented or if interface 2429 version is < 0.4. 2430 2431Function : plat_rmmd_el3_token_sign_get_rak_pub() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_EL3_TOKEN_SIGN == 1] 2432~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2433 2434:: 2435 2436 Argument : uintptr_t, size_t *, unsigned int 2437 Return : int 2438 2439This function returns the public portion of the realm attestation key which will be used to 2440sign Realm attestation token. Typically, with delegated attestation, the private key is 2441returned, however, there may be platforms where the private key bits are better protected 2442in a platform specific manner such that the private key is not exposed. In such cases, 2443the RMM will only cache the public key and forward any requests such as signing, that 2444uses the private key to EL3. The API currently only supports P-384 ECC curve key. 2445 2446This is an optional interface from the RMM-EL3 interface v0.4 onwards. 2447 2448The parameters of the function are: 2449 2450 arg0 - A pointer to the buffer where the public key should be copied 2451 by this function. The buffer must be big enough to hold the 2452 attestation key. 2453 2454 arg1 - Contains the size (in bytes) of the buffer passed in arg0. The 2455 function returns the attestation key length in this parameter. 2456 2457 arg2 - The type of the elliptic curve to which the requested attestation key 2458 belongs. 2459 2460The function returns E_RMM_OK on success, RMM_E_INVAL if arguments are invalid and 2461E_RMM_UNK if the SMC is not implemented or if interface version is < 0.4. 2462 2463Function : plat_rmmd_el3_ide_key_program() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_IDE_KEY_PROG == 1] 2464~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2465 2466:: 2467 2468 Argument : uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, struct rp_ide_key_info_t *, uint64_t, uint64_t 2469 Return : int 2470 2471This function sets the key/IV info for an IDE stream at the Root port. The key is 256 bits 2472and IV is 96 bits. The caller calls this SMC to program this key to the Rx and Tx ports 2473and for each substream corresponding to a single keyset. The platform should validate 2474the arguments `Ecam address` and `Rootport ID` before acting on it. The arguments `request ID` 2475and `cookie` are to be ignored for blocking mode and are pass-through to the response for 2476non-blocking mode. 2477 2478The platform needs to ensure proper exclusives are in place when accessed from multiple CPUs. 2479Depending on the expected latency for IDE-KM interface, the platform should choose blocking 2480or non-blocking semantics. More details about IDE Setup flow can be found 2481in this `RFC <https://github.com/TF-RMM/tf-rmm/wiki/RFC:-EL3-RMM-IDE-KM-Interface>`_. 2482 2483The parameters of the function are: 2484 2485 arg0 - The ecam address, to access and configure PCI devices in a system. 2486 2487 arg1 - The rootport ID used to identify the PCIe rootport of a connected device. 2488 2489 arg2 - The IDE stream info associated with a physical device, this parameter packs the 2490 the keyset, direction, substream and stream ID info. 2491 2492 arg3 - Structure with key and IV info. 2493 2494 arg4 - The request ID, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking mode. 2495 2496 arg5 - The cookie variable, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking 2497 mode. 2498 2499The function returns E_RMM_OK on success, E_RMM_INVAL if arguments are invalid, E_RMM_FAULT 2500if the key programming is unsuccesful, E_RMM_UNK for an unknown error, E_RMM_AGAIN returned 2501only for non-blocking mode if the IDE-KM interface is busy or the request queue is full. 2502E_RMM_INPROGRESS returned if the request is queued successfully and used only in non-blocking 2503mode. 2504 2505Function : plat_rmmd_el3_ide_key_set_go() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_IDE_KEY_PROG == 1] 2506~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2507 2508:: 2509 2510 Argument : uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t 2511 Return : int 2512 2513This function activates the IDE stream at the Root Port once all the keys have been 2514programmed. The platform should validate the arguments `Ecam address` and `Rootport ID` 2515before acting on it. The arguments `request ID` and `cookie` are to be ignored for blocking 2516mode and are pass-through to the response for non-blocking mode. 2517 2518The platform needs to ensure proper exclusives are in place when accessed from multiple CPUs. 2519Depending on the expected latency for IDE-KM interface, the platform should choose blocking 2520or non-blocking semantics. More details about IDE Setup flow can be found 2521in this `RFC <https://github.com/TF-RMM/tf-rmm/wiki/RFC:-EL3-RMM-IDE-KM-Interface>`_. 2522 2523The parameters of the function are: 2524 2525 arg0 - The ecam address, to access and configure PCI devices in a system. 2526 2527 arg1 - The rootport ID used to identify the PCIe rootport of a connected device. 2528 2529 arg2 - The IDE stream info associated with a physical device, this parameter packs the 2530 the keyset, direction, substream and stream ID info. 2531 2532 arg3 - The request ID, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking mode. 2533 2534 arg4 - The cookie variable, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking 2535 mode. 2536 2537The function returns E_RMM_OK on success, E_RMM_INVAL if arguments are invalid, E_RMM_FAULT 2538if the key programming is unsuccesful, E_RMM_UNK for an unknown error, E_RMM_AGAIN returned 2539only for non-blocking mode if the IDE-KM interface is busy or the request queue is full. 2540E_RMM_INPROGRESS returned if the request is queued successfully and used only in non-blocking 2541mode. 2542 2543Function : plat_rmmd_el3_ide_key_set_stop() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_IDE_KEY_PROG == 1] 2544~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2545 2546:: 2547 2548 Argument : uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t 2549 Return : int 2550 2551This function stops the IDE stream and is used to tear down the IDE stream at Root Port. 2552The platform should validate the arguments `Ecam address` and `Rootport ID` before acting 2553on it. The arguments `request ID` and `cookie` are to be ignored for blocking 2554mode and are pass-through to the response for non-blocking mode. 2555 2556The platform needs to ensure proper exclusives are in place when accessed from multiple CPUs. 2557Depending on the expected latency for IDE-KM interface, the platform should choose blocking 2558or non-blocking semantics. More details about IDE Setup flow can be found 2559in this `RFC <https://github.com/TF-RMM/tf-rmm/wiki/RFC:-EL3-RMM-IDE-KM-Interface>`_. 2560 2561The parameters of the function are: 2562 2563 arg0 - The ecam address, to access and configure PCI devices in a system. 2564 2565 arg1 - The rootport ID used to identify the PCIe rootport of a connected device. 2566 2567 arg2 - The IDE stream info associated with a physical device, this parameter packs the 2568 the keyset, direction, substream and stream ID info. 2569 2570 arg3 - The request ID, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking mode. 2571 2572 arg4 - The cookie variable, is used in non-blocking mode only and can be ignored in blocking 2573 mode. 2574 2575The function returns E_RMM_OK on success, E_RMM_INVAL if arguments are invalid, E_RMM_FAULT 2576if the key programming is unsuccesful, E_RMM_UNK for an unknown error, E_RMM_AGAIN returned 2577only for non-blocking mode if the IDE-KM interface is busy or the request queue is full. 2578E_RMM_INPROGRESS returned if the request is queued successfully and used only in non-blocking 2579mode. 2580 2581Function : plat_rmmd_el3_ide_km_pull_response() [mandatory when RMMD_ENABLE_IDE_KEY_PROG == 1] 2582~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2583 2584:: 2585 2586 Argument : uint64_t, uint64_t, uint64_t *, uint64_t *, uint64_t * 2587 Return : int 2588 2589This function retrieves a reponse for any of the prior non-blocking IDE-KM requests. The 2590caller has to identify the request and populate the accurate response. For blocking calls, 2591this function always returns E_RMM_UNK. 2592 2593The platform needs to ensure proper exclusives are in place when accessed from multiple CPUs. 2594Depending on the expected latency for IDE-KM interface, the platform should choose blocking 2595or non-blocking semantics. More details about IDE Setup flow can be found 2596in this `RFC <https://github.com/TF-RMM/tf-rmm/wiki/RFC:-EL3-RMM-IDE-KM-Interface>`_. 2597 2598The parameters of the function are: 2599 2600 arg0 - The ecam address, to access and configure PCI devices in a system. 2601 2602 arg1 - The rootport ID used to identify the PCIe rootport of a connected device. 2603 2604 arg2 - Retrieved response corresponding to the previous IDE_KM request. 2605 2606 arg3 - returns the passthrough request ID of the retrieved response. 2607 2608 arg4 - returns the passthrough cookie of the retrieved response. 2609 2610The function returns E_RMM_OK if response is retrieved successfully, E_RMM_INVAL if arguments 2611to this function are invalid, E_RMM_UNK if response retrieval failed for an unknown error or 2612IDE-KM interface is having blocking semantics, E_RMM_AGAIN if the response queue is empty. 2613 2614The `arg2` return parameter can return the following values: 2615E_RMM_OK - The previous request was successful. 2616E_RMM_FAULT - The previous request was not successful. 2617E_RMM_INVAL - Arguments to previous request were incorrect. 2618E_RMM_UNK - Previous request returned Unknown error. 2619 2620Function : bl31_plat_enable_mmu [optional] 2621~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2622 2623:: 2624 2625 Argument : uint32_t 2626 Return : void 2627 2628This function enables the MMU. The boot code calls this function with MMU and 2629caches disabled. This function should program necessary registers to enable 2630translation, and upon return, the MMU on the calling PE must be enabled. 2631 2632The function must honor flags passed in the first argument. These flags are 2633defined by the translation library, and can be found in the file 2634``include/lib/xlat_tables/xlat_mmu_helpers.h``. 2635 2636On DynamIQ systems, this function must not use stack while enabling MMU, which 2637is how the function in xlat table library version 2 is implemented. 2638 2639Function : plat_init_apkey [optional] 2640~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2641 2642:: 2643 2644 Argument : void 2645 Return : uint128_t 2646 2647This function returns the 128-bit value which can be used to program ARMv8.3 2648pointer authentication keys. 2649 2650The value should be obtained from a reliable source of randomness. 2651 2652This function is only needed if ARMv8.3 pointer authentication is used in the 2653Trusted Firmware by building with ``BRANCH_PROTECTION`` option set to 1, 2 or 3. 2654 2655Function : plat_get_syscnt_freq2() [mandatory] 2656~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2657 2658:: 2659 2660 Argument : void 2661 Return : unsigned int 2662 2663This function is used by the architecture setup code to retrieve the counter 2664frequency for the CPU's generic timer. This value will be programmed into the 2665``CNTFRQ_EL0`` register. In Arm standard platforms, it returns the base frequency 2666of the system counter, which is retrieved from the first entry in the frequency 2667modes table. 2668 2669#define : PLAT_PERCPU_BAKERY_LOCK_SIZE [optional] 2670~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2671 2672When ``USE_COHERENT_MEM = 0``, this constant defines the total memory (in 2673bytes) aligned to the cache line boundary that should be allocated per-cpu to 2674accommodate all the bakery locks. 2675 2676If this constant is not defined when ``USE_COHERENT_MEM = 0``, the linker 2677calculates the size of the ``.bakery_lock`` input section, aligns it to the 2678nearest ``CACHE_WRITEBACK_GRANULE``, multiplies it with ``PLATFORM_CORE_COUNT`` 2679and stores the result in a linker symbol. This constant prevents a platform 2680from relying on the linker and provide a more efficient mechanism for 2681accessing per-cpu bakery lock information. 2682 2683If this constant is defined and its value is not equal to the value 2684calculated by the linker then a link time assertion is raised. A compile time 2685assertion is raised if the value of the constant is not aligned to the cache 2686line boundary. 2687 2688.. _porting_guide_sdei_requirements: 2689 2690SDEI porting requirements 2691~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2692 2693The |SDEI| dispatcher requires the platform to provide the following macros 2694and functions, of which some are optional, and some others mandatory. 2695 2696Macros 2697...... 2698 2699Macro: PLAT_SDEI_NORMAL_PRI [mandatory] 2700^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2701 2702This macro must be defined to the EL3 exception priority level associated with 2703Normal |SDEI| events on the platform. This must have a higher value 2704(therefore of lower priority) than ``PLAT_SDEI_CRITICAL_PRI``. 2705 2706Macro: PLAT_SDEI_CRITICAL_PRI [mandatory] 2707^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2708 2709This macro must be defined to the EL3 exception priority level associated with 2710Critical |SDEI| events on the platform. This must have a lower value 2711(therefore of higher priority) than ``PLAT_SDEI_NORMAL_PRI``. 2712 2713**Note**: |SDEI| exception priorities must be the lowest among Secure 2714priorities. Among the |SDEI| exceptions, Critical |SDEI| priority must 2715be higher than Normal |SDEI| priority. 2716 2717Functions 2718......... 2719 2720Function: int plat_sdei_validate_entry_point() [optional] 2721^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2722 2723:: 2724 2725 Argument: uintptr_t ep, unsigned int client_mode 2726 Return: int 2727 2728This function validates the entry point address of the event handler provided by 2729the client for both event registration and *Complete and Resume* |SDEI| calls. 2730The function ensures that the address is valid in the client translation regime. 2731 2732The second argument is the exception level that the client is executing in. It 2733can be Non-Secure EL1 or Non-Secure EL2. 2734 2735The function must return ``0`` for successful validation, or ``-1`` upon failure. 2736 2737The default implementation always returns ``0``. On Arm platforms, this function 2738translates the entry point address within the client translation regime and 2739further ensures that the resulting physical address is located in Non-secure 2740DRAM. 2741 2742Function: void plat_sdei_handle_masked_trigger(uint64_t mpidr, unsigned int intr) [optional] 2743^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2744 2745:: 2746 2747 Argument: uint64_t 2748 Argument: unsigned int 2749 Return: void 2750 2751|SDEI| specification requires that a PE comes out of reset with the events 2752masked. The client therefore is expected to call ``PE_UNMASK`` to unmask 2753|SDEI| events on the PE. No |SDEI| events can be dispatched until such 2754time. 2755 2756Should a PE receive an interrupt that was bound to an |SDEI| event while the 2757events are masked on the PE, the dispatcher implementation invokes the function 2758``plat_sdei_handle_masked_trigger``. The MPIDR of the PE that received the 2759interrupt and the interrupt ID are passed as parameters. 2760 2761The default implementation only prints out a warning message. 2762 2763.. _porting_guide_trng_requirements: 2764 2765TRNG porting requirements 2766~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2767 2768The |TRNG| backend requires the platform to provide the following values 2769and mandatory functions. 2770 2771Values 2772...... 2773 2774value: uuid_t plat_trng_uuid [mandatory] 2775^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2776 2777This value must be defined to the UUID of the TRNG backend that is specific to 2778the hardware after ``plat_entropy_setup`` function is called. This value must 2779conform to the SMCCC calling convention; The most significant 32 bits of the 2780UUID must not equal ``0xffffffff`` or the signed integer ``-1`` as this value in 2781w0 indicates failure to get a TRNG source. 2782 2783Functions 2784......... 2785 2786Function: void plat_entropy_setup(void) [mandatory] 2787^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2788 2789:: 2790 2791 Argument: none 2792 Return: none 2793 2794This function is expected to do platform-specific initialization of any TRNG 2795hardware. This may include generating a UUID from a hardware-specific seed. 2796 2797Function: bool plat_get_entropy(uint64_t \*out) [mandatory] 2798^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2799 2800:: 2801 2802 Argument: uint64_t * 2803 Return: bool 2804 Out : when the return value is true, the entropy has been written into the 2805 storage pointed to 2806 2807This function writes entropy into storage provided by the caller. If no entropy 2808is available, it must return false and the storage must not be written. 2809 2810.. _psci_in_bl31: 2811 2812Power State Coordination Interface (in BL31) 2813-------------------------------------------- 2814 2815The TF-A implementation of the PSCI API is based around the concept of a 2816*power domain*. A *power domain* is a CPU or a logical group of CPUs which 2817share some state on which power management operations can be performed as 2818specified by `PSCI`_. Each CPU in the system is assigned a cpu index which is 2819a unique number between ``0`` and ``PLATFORM_CORE_COUNT - 1``. The 2820*power domains* are arranged in a hierarchical tree structure and each 2821*power domain* can be identified in a system by the cpu index of any CPU that 2822is part of that domain and a *power domain level*. A processing element (for 2823example, a CPU) is at level 0. If the *power domain* node above a CPU is a 2824logical grouping of CPUs that share some state, then level 1 is that group of 2825CPUs (for example, a cluster), and level 2 is a group of clusters (for 2826example, the system). More details on the power domain topology and its 2827organization can be found in :ref:`PSCI Power Domain Tree Structure`. 2828 2829BL31's platform initialization code exports a pointer to the platform-specific 2830power management operations required for the PSCI implementation to function 2831correctly. This information is populated in the ``plat_psci_ops`` structure. The 2832PSCI implementation calls members of the ``plat_psci_ops`` structure for performing 2833power management operations on the power domains. For example, the target 2834CPU is specified by its ``MPIDR`` in a PSCI ``CPU_ON`` call. The ``pwr_domain_on()`` 2835handler (if present) is called for the CPU power domain. 2836 2837The ``power-state`` parameter of a PSCI ``CPU_SUSPEND`` call can be used to 2838describe composite power states specific to a platform. The PSCI implementation 2839defines a generic representation of the power-state parameter, which is an 2840array of local power states where each index corresponds to a power domain 2841level. Each entry contains the local power state the power domain at that power 2842level could enter. It depends on the ``validate_power_state()`` handler to 2843convert the power-state parameter (possibly encoding a composite power state) 2844passed in a PSCI ``CPU_SUSPEND`` call to this representation. 2845 2846The following functions form part of platform port of PSCI functionality. 2847 2848Function : plat_psci_stat_accounting_start() [optional] 2849~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2850 2851:: 2852 2853 Argument : const psci_power_state_t * 2854 Return : void 2855 2856This is an optional hook that platforms can implement for residency statistics 2857accounting before entering a low power state. The ``pwr_domain_state`` field of 2858``state_info`` (first argument) can be inspected if stat accounting is done 2859differently at CPU level versus higher levels. As an example, if the element at 2860index 0 (CPU power level) in the ``pwr_domain_state`` array indicates a power down 2861state, special hardware logic may be programmed in order to keep track of the 2862residency statistics. For higher levels (array indices > 0), the residency 2863statistics could be tracked in software using PMF. If ``ENABLE_PMF`` is set, the 2864default implementation will use PMF to capture timestamps. 2865 2866Function : plat_psci_stat_accounting_stop() [optional] 2867~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2868 2869:: 2870 2871 Argument : const psci_power_state_t * 2872 Return : void 2873 2874This is an optional hook that platforms can implement for residency statistics 2875accounting after exiting from a low power state. The ``pwr_domain_state`` field 2876of ``state_info`` (first argument) can be inspected if stat accounting is done 2877differently at CPU level versus higher levels. As an example, if the element at 2878index 0 (CPU power level) in the ``pwr_domain_state`` array indicates a power down 2879state, special hardware logic may be programmed in order to keep track of the 2880residency statistics. For higher levels (array indices > 0), the residency 2881statistics could be tracked in software using PMF. If ``ENABLE_PMF`` is set, the 2882default implementation will use PMF to capture timestamps. 2883 2884Function : plat_psci_stat_get_residency() [optional] 2885~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2886 2887:: 2888 2889 Argument : unsigned int, const psci_power_state_t *, unsigned int 2890 Return : u_register_t 2891 2892This is an optional interface that is is invoked after resuming from a low power 2893state and provides the time spent resident in that low power state by the power 2894domain at a particular power domain level. When a CPU wakes up from suspend, 2895all its parent power domain levels are also woken up. The generic PSCI code 2896invokes this function for each parent power domain that is resumed and it 2897identified by the ``lvl`` (first argument) parameter. The ``state_info`` (second 2898argument) describes the low power state that the power domain has resumed from. 2899The current CPU is the first CPU in the power domain to resume from the low 2900power state and the ``last_cpu_idx`` (third parameter) is the index of the last 2901CPU in the power domain to suspend and may be needed to calculate the residency 2902for that power domain. 2903 2904Function : plat_get_target_pwr_state() [optional] 2905~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2906 2907:: 2908 2909 Argument : unsigned int, const plat_local_state_t *, unsigned int 2910 Return : plat_local_state_t 2911 2912The PSCI generic code uses this function to let the platform participate in 2913state coordination during a power management operation. The function is passed 2914a pointer to an array of platform specific local power state ``states`` (second 2915argument) which contains the requested power state for each CPU at a particular 2916power domain level ``lvl`` (first argument) within the power domain. The function 2917is expected to traverse this array of upto ``ncpus`` (third argument) and return 2918a coordinated target power state by the comparing all the requested power 2919states. The target power state should not be deeper than any of the requested 2920power states. 2921 2922A weak definition of this API is provided by default wherein it assumes 2923that the platform assigns a local state value in order of increasing depth 2924of the power state i.e. for two power states X & Y, if X < Y 2925then X represents a shallower power state than Y. As a result, the 2926coordinated target local power state for a power domain will be the minimum 2927of the requested local power state values. 2928 2929Function : plat_get_power_domain_tree_desc() [mandatory] 2930~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2931 2932:: 2933 2934 Argument : void 2935 Return : const unsigned char * 2936 2937This function returns a pointer to the byte array containing the power domain 2938topology tree description. The format and method to construct this array are 2939described in :ref:`PSCI Power Domain Tree Structure`. The BL31 PSCI 2940initialization code requires this array to be described by the platform, either 2941statically or dynamically, to initialize the power domain topology tree. In case 2942the array is populated dynamically, then plat_core_pos_by_mpidr() and 2943plat_my_core_pos() should also be implemented suitably so that the topology tree 2944description matches the CPU indices returned by these APIs. These APIs together 2945form the platform interface for the PSCI topology framework. 2946 2947Function : plat_setup_psci_ops() [mandatory] 2948~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2949 2950:: 2951 2952 Argument : uintptr_t, const plat_psci_ops ** 2953 Return : int 2954 2955This function may execute with the MMU and data caches enabled if the platform 2956port does the necessary initializations in ``bl31_plat_arch_setup()``. It is only 2957called by the primary CPU. 2958 2959This function is called by PSCI initialization code. Its purpose is to let 2960the platform layer know about the warm boot entrypoint through the 2961``sec_entrypoint`` (first argument) and to export handler routines for 2962platform-specific psci power management actions by populating the passed 2963pointer with a pointer to BL31's private ``plat_psci_ops`` structure. 2964 2965A description of each member of this structure is given below. Please refer to 2966the Arm FVP specific implementation of these handlers in 2967``plat/arm/board/fvp/fvp_pm.c`` as an example. For each PSCI function that the 2968platform wants to support, the associated operation or operations in this 2969structure must be provided and implemented (Refer section 4 of 2970:ref:`Firmware Design` for the PSCI API supported in TF-A). To disable a PSCI 2971function in a platform port, the operation should be removed from this 2972structure instead of providing an empty implementation. 2973 2974plat_psci_ops.cpu_standby() 2975........................... 2976 2977Perform the platform-specific actions to enter the standby state for a cpu 2978indicated by the passed argument. This provides a fast path for CPU standby 2979wherein overheads of PSCI state management and lock acquisition is avoided. 2980For this handler to be invoked by the PSCI ``CPU_SUSPEND`` API implementation, 2981the suspend state type specified in the ``power-state`` parameter should be 2982STANDBY and the target power domain level specified should be the CPU. The 2983handler should put the CPU into a low power retention state (usually by 2984issuing a wfi instruction) and ensure that it can be woken up from that 2985state by a normal interrupt. The generic code expects the handler to succeed. 2986 2987plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_on() 2988............................. 2989 2990Perform the platform specific actions to power on a CPU, specified 2991by the ``MPIDR`` (first argument). The generic code expects the platform to 2992return PSCI_E_SUCCESS on success or PSCI_E_INTERN_FAIL for any failure. 2993 2994plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_off_early() [optional] 2995............................................... 2996 2997This optional function performs the platform specific actions to check if 2998powering off the calling CPU and its higher parent power domain levels as 2999indicated by the ``target_state`` (first argument) is possible or allowed. 3000 3001The ``target_state`` encodes the platform coordinated target local power states 3002for the CPU power domain and its parent power domain levels. 3003 3004For this handler, the local power state for the CPU power domain will be a 3005power down state where as it could be either power down, retention or run state 3006for the higher power domain levels depending on the result of state 3007coordination. The generic code expects PSCI_E_DENIED return code if the 3008platform thinks that CPU_OFF should not proceed on the calling CPU. 3009 3010plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_off() 3011.............................. 3012 3013Perform the platform specific actions to prepare to power off the calling CPU 3014and its higher parent power domain levels as indicated by the ``target_state`` 3015(first argument). It is called by the PSCI ``CPU_OFF`` API implementation. 3016 3017The ``target_state`` encodes the platform coordinated target local power states 3018for the CPU power domain and its parent power domain levels. The handler 3019needs to perform power management operation corresponding to the local state 3020at each power level. 3021 3022For this handler, the local power state for the CPU power domain will be a 3023power down state where as it could be either power down, retention or run state 3024for the higher power domain levels depending on the result of state 3025coordination. The generic code expects the handler to succeed. 3026 3027plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_validate_suspend() [optional] 3028...................................................... 3029 3030This is an optional function that is only compiled into the build if the build 3031option ``PSCI_OS_INIT_MODE`` is enabled. 3032 3033If implemented, this function allows the platform to perform platform specific 3034validations based on hardware states. The generic code expects this function to 3035return PSCI_E_SUCCESS on success, or either PSCI_E_DENIED or 3036PSCI_E_INVALID_PARAMS as appropriate for any invalid requests. 3037 3038plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_suspend_pwrdown_early() [optional] 3039........................................................... 3040 3041This optional function may be used as a performance optimization to replace 3042or complement pwr_domain_suspend() on some platforms. Its calling semantics 3043are identical to pwr_domain_suspend(), except the PSCI implementation only 3044calls this function when suspending to a power down state, and it guarantees 3045that data caches are enabled. 3046 3047When HW_ASSISTED_COHERENCY = 0, the PSCI implementation disables data caches 3048before calling pwr_domain_suspend(). If the target_state corresponds to a 3049power down state and it is safe to perform some or all of the platform 3050specific actions in that function with data caches enabled, it may be more 3051efficient to move those actions to this function. When HW_ASSISTED_COHERENCY 3052= 1, data caches remain enabled throughout, and so there is no advantage to 3053moving platform specific actions to this function. 3054 3055plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_suspend() 3056.................................. 3057 3058Perform the platform specific actions to prepare to suspend the calling 3059CPU and its higher parent power domain levels as indicated by the 3060``target_state`` (first argument). It is called by the PSCI ``CPU_SUSPEND`` 3061API implementation. 3062 3063The ``target_state`` has a similar meaning as described in 3064the ``pwr_domain_off()`` operation. It encodes the platform coordinated 3065target local power states for the CPU power domain and its parent 3066power domain levels. The handler needs to perform power management operation 3067corresponding to the local state at each power level. The generic code 3068expects the handler to succeed. 3069 3070The difference between turning a power domain off versus suspending it is that 3071in the former case, the power domain is expected to re-initialize its state 3072when it is next powered on (see ``pwr_domain_on_finish()``). In the latter 3073case, the power domain is expected to save enough state so that it can resume 3074execution by restoring this state when its powered on (see 3075``pwr_domain_suspend_finish()``). 3076 3077When suspending a core, the platform can also choose to power off the GICv3 3078Redistributor and ITS through an implementation-defined sequence. To achieve 3079this safely, the ITS context must be saved first. The architectural part is 3080implemented by the ``gicv3_its_save_disable()`` helper, but most of the needed 3081sequence is implementation defined and it is therefore the responsibility of 3082the platform code to implement the necessary sequence. Then the GIC 3083Redistributor context can be saved using the ``gicv3_rdistif_save()`` helper. 3084Powering off the Redistributor requires the implementation to support it and it 3085is the responsibility of the platform code to execute the right implementation 3086defined sequence. 3087 3088When a system suspend is requested, the platform can also make use of the 3089``gicv3_distif_save()`` helper to save the context of the GIC Distributor after 3090it has saved the context of the Redistributors and ITS of all the cores in the 3091system. The context of the Distributor can be large and may require it to be 3092allocated in a special area if it cannot fit in the platform's global static 3093data, for example in DRAM. The Distributor can then be powered down using an 3094implementation-defined sequence. 3095 3096plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_pwr_down() 3097....................................... 3098 3099This is an optional function and, if implemented, is expected to perform 3100platform specific actions before the CPU is powered down. Since this function is 3101invoked outside the PSCI locks, the actions performed in this hook must be local 3102to the CPU or the platform must ensure that races between multiple CPUs cannot 3103occur. 3104 3105The ``target_state`` has a similar meaning as described in the ``pwr_domain_off()`` 3106operation and it encodes the platform coordinated target local power states for 3107the CPU power domain and its parent power domain levels. 3108 3109It is preferred that this function returns. The caller will invoke 3110``psci_power_down_wfi()`` to powerdown the CPU, mitigate any powerdown errata, 3111and handle any wakeups that may arise. Previously, this function did not return 3112and instead called ``wfi`` (in an infinite loop) directly. This is still 3113possible on platforms where this is guaranteed to be terminal, however, it is 3114strongly discouraged going forward. 3115 3116Previously this function was called ``pwr_domain_pwr_down_wfi()``. 3117 3118plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_on_finish() 3119.................................... 3120 3121This function is called by the PSCI implementation after the calling CPU is 3122powered on and released from reset in response to an earlier PSCI ``CPU_ON`` call. 3123It performs the platform-specific setup required to initialize enough state for 3124this CPU to enter the normal world and also provide secure runtime firmware 3125services. 3126 3127The ``target_state`` (first argument) is the prior state of the power domains 3128immediately before the CPU was turned on. It indicates which power domains 3129above the CPU might require initialization due to having previously been in 3130low power states. The generic code expects the handler to succeed. 3131 3132plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_on_finish_late() [optional] 3133........................................................... 3134 3135This optional function is called by the PSCI implementation after the calling 3136CPU is fully powered on with respective data caches enabled. The calling CPU and 3137the associated cluster are guaranteed to be participating in coherency. This 3138function gives the flexibility to perform any platform-specific actions safely, 3139such as initialization or modification of shared data structures, without the 3140overhead of explicit cache maintainace operations. 3141 3142The ``target_state`` has a similar meaning as described in the ``pwr_domain_on_finish()`` 3143operation. The generic code expects the handler to succeed. 3144 3145plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_suspend_finish() 3146......................................... 3147 3148This function is called by the PSCI implementation after the calling CPU is 3149powered on and released from reset in response to an asynchronous wakeup 3150event, for example a timer interrupt that was programmed by the CPU during the 3151``CPU_SUSPEND`` call or ``SYSTEM_SUSPEND`` call. It performs the platform-specific 3152setup required to restore the saved state for this CPU to resume execution 3153in the normal world and also provide secure runtime firmware services. 3154 3155The ``target_state`` (first argument) has a similar meaning as described in 3156the ``pwr_domain_on_finish()`` operation. The generic code expects the platform 3157to succeed. 3158 3159If the Distributor, Redistributors or ITS have been powered off as part of a 3160suspend, their context must be restored in this function in the reverse order 3161to how they were saved during suspend sequence. 3162 3163plat_psci_ops.system_off() 3164.......................... 3165 3166This function is called by PSCI implementation in response to a ``SYSTEM_OFF`` 3167call. It performs the platform-specific system poweroff sequence after 3168notifying the Secure Payload Dispatcher. The caller will call ``wfi`` if this 3169function returns, similar to `plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_pwr_down()`_. 3170 3171plat_psci_ops.system_reset() 3172............................ 3173 3174This function is called by PSCI implementation in response to a ``SYSTEM_RESET`` 3175call. It performs the platform-specific system reset sequence after 3176notifying the Secure Payload Dispatcher. The caller will call ``wfi`` if this 3177function returns, similar to `plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_pwr_down()`_. 3178 3179plat_psci_ops.validate_power_state() 3180.................................... 3181 3182This function is called by the PSCI implementation during the ``CPU_SUSPEND`` 3183call to validate the ``power_state`` parameter of the PSCI API and if valid, 3184populate it in ``req_state`` (second argument) array as power domain level 3185specific local states. If the ``power_state`` is invalid, the platform must 3186return PSCI_E_INVALID_PARAMS as error, which is propagated back to the 3187normal world PSCI client. 3188 3189plat_psci_ops.validate_ns_entrypoint() 3190...................................... 3191 3192This function is called by the PSCI implementation during the ``CPU_SUSPEND``, 3193``SYSTEM_SUSPEND`` and ``CPU_ON`` calls to validate the non-secure ``entry_point`` 3194parameter passed by the normal world. If the ``entry_point`` is invalid, 3195the platform must return PSCI_E_INVALID_ADDRESS as error, which is 3196propagated back to the normal world PSCI client. 3197 3198plat_psci_ops.get_sys_suspend_power_state() 3199........................................... 3200 3201This function is called by the PSCI implementation during the ``SYSTEM_SUSPEND`` 3202call to get the ``req_state`` parameter from platform which encodes the power 3203domain level specific local states to suspend to system affinity level. The 3204``req_state`` will be utilized to do the PSCI state coordination and 3205``pwr_domain_suspend()`` will be invoked with the coordinated target state to 3206enter system suspend. 3207 3208plat_psci_ops.get_pwr_lvl_state_idx() 3209..................................... 3210 3211This is an optional function and, if implemented, is invoked by the PSCI 3212implementation to convert the ``local_state`` (first argument) at a specified 3213``pwr_lvl`` (second argument) to an index between 0 and 3214``PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL_STATES`` - 1. This function is only needed if the platform 3215supports more than two local power states at each power domain level, that is 3216``PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL_STATES`` is greater than 2, and needs to account for these 3217local power states. 3218 3219plat_psci_ops.translate_power_state_by_mpidr() 3220.............................................. 3221 3222This is an optional function and, if implemented, verifies the ``power_state`` 3223(second argument) parameter of the PSCI API corresponding to a target power 3224domain. The target power domain is identified by using both ``MPIDR`` (first 3225argument) and the power domain level encoded in ``power_state``. The power domain 3226level specific local states are to be extracted from ``power_state`` and be 3227populated in the ``output_state`` (third argument) array. The functionality 3228is similar to the ``validate_power_state`` function described above and is 3229envisaged to be used in case the validity of ``power_state`` depend on the 3230targeted power domain. If the ``power_state`` is invalid for the targeted power 3231domain, the platform must return PSCI_E_INVALID_PARAMS as error. If this 3232function is not implemented, then the generic implementation relies on 3233``validate_power_state`` function to translate the ``power_state``. 3234 3235This function can also be used in case the platform wants to support local 3236power state encoding for ``power_state`` parameter of PSCI_STAT_COUNT/RESIDENCY 3237APIs as described in Section 5.18 of `PSCI`_. 3238 3239plat_psci_ops.get_node_hw_state() 3240................................. 3241 3242This is an optional function. If implemented this function is intended to return 3243the power state of a node (identified by the first parameter, the ``MPIDR``) in 3244the power domain topology (identified by the second parameter, ``power_level``), 3245as retrieved from a power controller or equivalent component on the platform. 3246Upon successful completion, the implementation must map and return the final 3247status among ``HW_ON``, ``HW_OFF`` or ``HW_STANDBY``. Upon encountering failures, it 3248must return either ``PSCI_E_INVALID_PARAMS`` or ``PSCI_E_NOT_SUPPORTED`` as 3249appropriate. 3250 3251Implementations are not expected to handle ``power_levels`` greater than 3252``PLAT_MAX_PWR_LVL``. 3253 3254plat_psci_ops.system_reset2() 3255............................. 3256 3257This is an optional function. If implemented this function is 3258called during the ``SYSTEM_RESET2`` call to perform a reset 3259based on the first parameter ``reset_type`` as specified in 3260`PSCI`_. The parameter ``cookie`` can be used to pass additional 3261reset information. If the ``reset_type`` is not supported, the 3262function must return ``PSCI_E_NOT_SUPPORTED``. For architectural 3263resets, all failures must return ``PSCI_E_INVALID_PARAMETERS`` 3264and vendor reset can return other PSCI error codes as defined 3265in `PSCI`_. If this function returns success, the caller will call 3266``wfi`` similar to `plat_psci_ops.pwr_domain_pwr_down()`_. 3267 3268plat_psci_ops.write_mem_protect() 3269................................. 3270 3271This is an optional function. If implemented it enables or disables the 3272``MEM_PROTECT`` functionality based on the value of ``val``. 3273A non-zero value enables ``MEM_PROTECT`` and a value of zero 3274disables it. Upon encountering failures it must return a negative value 3275and on success it must return 0. 3276 3277plat_psci_ops.read_mem_protect() 3278................................ 3279 3280This is an optional function. If implemented it returns the current 3281state of ``MEM_PROTECT`` via the ``val`` parameter. Upon encountering 3282failures it must return a negative value and on success it must 3283return 0. 3284 3285plat_psci_ops.mem_protect_chk() 3286............................... 3287 3288This is an optional function. If implemented it checks if a memory 3289region defined by a base address ``base`` and with a size of ``length`` 3290bytes is protected by ``MEM_PROTECT``. If the region is protected 3291then it must return 0, otherwise it must return a negative number. 3292 3293.. _porting_guide_imf_in_bl31: 3294 3295Interrupt Management framework (in BL31) 3296---------------------------------------- 3297 3298BL31 implements an Interrupt Management Framework (IMF) to manage interrupts 3299generated in either security state and targeted to EL1 or EL2 in the non-secure 3300state or EL3/S-EL1 in the secure state. The design of this framework is 3301described in the :ref:`Interrupt Management Framework` 3302 3303A platform should export the following APIs to support the IMF. The following 3304text briefly describes each API and its implementation in Arm standard 3305platforms. The API implementation depends upon the type of interrupt controller 3306present in the platform. Arm standard platform layer supports both 3307`Arm Generic Interrupt Controller version 2.0 (GICv2)`_ 3308and `3.0 (GICv3)`_. Juno builds the Arm platform layer to use GICv2 and the 3309FVP can be configured to use either GICv2 or GICv3 depending on the build flag 3310``FVP_USE_GIC_DRIVER`` (See :ref:`build_options_arm_fvp_platform` for more 3311details). 3312 3313See also: :ref:`Interrupt Controller Abstraction APIs<Platform Interrupt Controller API>`. 3314 3315Function : plat_interrupt_type_to_line() [mandatory] 3316~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3317 3318:: 3319 3320 Argument : uint32_t, uint32_t 3321 Return : uint32_t 3322 3323The Arm processor signals an interrupt exception either through the IRQ or FIQ 3324interrupt line. The specific line that is signaled depends on how the interrupt 3325controller (IC) reports different interrupt types from an execution context in 3326either security state. The IMF uses this API to determine which interrupt line 3327the platform IC uses to signal each type of interrupt supported by the framework 3328from a given security state. This API must be invoked at EL3. 3329 3330The first parameter will be one of the ``INTR_TYPE_*`` values (see 3331:ref:`Interrupt Management Framework`) indicating the target type of the 3332interrupt, the second parameter is the security state of the originating 3333execution context. The return result is the bit position in the ``SCR_EL3`` 3334register of the respective interrupt trap: IRQ=1, FIQ=2. 3335 3336In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv2, S-EL1 interrupts are 3337configured as FIQs and Non-secure interrupts as IRQs from either security 3338state. 3339 3340In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv3, the interrupt line to be 3341configured depends on the security state of the execution context when the 3342interrupt is signalled and are as follows: 3343 3344- The S-EL1 interrupts are signaled as IRQ in S-EL0/1 context and as FIQ in 3345 NS-EL0/1/2 context. 3346- The Non secure interrupts are signaled as FIQ in S-EL0/1 context and as IRQ 3347 in the NS-EL0/1/2 context. 3348- The EL3 interrupts are signaled as FIQ in both S-EL0/1 and NS-EL0/1/2 3349 context. 3350 3351Function : plat_ic_get_pending_interrupt_type() [mandatory] 3352~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3353 3354:: 3355 3356 Argument : void 3357 Return : uint32_t 3358 3359This API returns the type of the highest priority pending interrupt at the 3360platform IC. The IMF uses the interrupt type to retrieve the corresponding 3361handler function. ``INTR_TYPE_INVAL`` is returned when there is no interrupt 3362pending. The valid interrupt types that can be returned are ``INTR_TYPE_EL3``, 3363``INTR_TYPE_S_EL1`` and ``INTR_TYPE_NS``. This API must be invoked at EL3. 3364 3365In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv2, the *Highest Priority 3366Pending Interrupt Register* (``GICC_HPPIR``) is read to determine the id of 3367the pending interrupt. The type of interrupt depends upon the id value as 3368follows. 3369 3370#. id < 1022 is reported as a S-EL1 interrupt 3371#. id = 1022 is reported as a Non-secure interrupt. 3372#. id = 1023 is reported as an invalid interrupt type. 3373 3374In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv3, the system register 3375``ICC_HPPIR0_EL1``, *Highest Priority Pending group 0 Interrupt Register*, 3376is read to determine the id of the pending interrupt. The type of interrupt 3377depends upon the id value as follows. 3378 3379#. id = ``PENDING_G1S_INTID`` (1020) is reported as a S-EL1 interrupt 3380#. id = ``PENDING_G1NS_INTID`` (1021) is reported as a Non-secure interrupt. 3381#. id = ``GIC_SPURIOUS_INTERRUPT`` (1023) is reported as an invalid interrupt type. 3382#. All other interrupt id's are reported as EL3 interrupt. 3383 3384Function : plat_ic_get_pending_interrupt_id() [mandatory] 3385~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3386 3387:: 3388 3389 Argument : void 3390 Return : uint32_t 3391 3392This API returns the id of the highest priority pending interrupt at the 3393platform IC. ``INTR_ID_UNAVAILABLE`` is returned when there is no interrupt 3394pending. 3395 3396In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv2, the *Highest Priority 3397Pending Interrupt Register* (``GICC_HPPIR``) is read to determine the id of the 3398pending interrupt. The id that is returned by API depends upon the value of 3399the id read from the interrupt controller as follows. 3400 3401#. id < 1022. id is returned as is. 3402#. id = 1022. The *Aliased Highest Priority Pending Interrupt Register* 3403 (``GICC_AHPPIR``) is read to determine the id of the non-secure interrupt. 3404 This id is returned by the API. 3405#. id = 1023. ``INTR_ID_UNAVAILABLE`` is returned. 3406 3407In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv3, if the API is invoked from 3408EL3, the system register ``ICC_HPPIR0_EL1``, *Highest Priority Pending Interrupt 3409group 0 Register*, is read to determine the id of the pending interrupt. The id 3410that is returned by API depends upon the value of the id read from the 3411interrupt controller as follows. 3412 3413#. id < ``PENDING_G1S_INTID`` (1020). id is returned as is. 3414#. id = ``PENDING_G1S_INTID`` (1020) or ``PENDING_G1NS_INTID`` (1021). The system 3415 register ``ICC_HPPIR1_EL1``, *Highest Priority Pending Interrupt group 1 3416 Register* is read to determine the id of the group 1 interrupt. This id 3417 is returned by the API as long as it is a valid interrupt id 3418#. If the id is any of the special interrupt identifiers, 3419 ``INTR_ID_UNAVAILABLE`` is returned. 3420 3421When the API invoked from S-EL1 for GICv3 systems, the id read from system 3422register ``ICC_HPPIR1_EL1``, *Highest Priority Pending group 1 Interrupt 3423Register*, is returned if is not equal to GIC_SPURIOUS_INTERRUPT (1023) else 3424``INTR_ID_UNAVAILABLE`` is returned. 3425 3426Function : plat_ic_acknowledge_interrupt() [mandatory] 3427~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3428 3429:: 3430 3431 Argument : void 3432 Return : uint32_t 3433 3434This API is used by the CPU to indicate to the platform IC that processing of 3435the highest pending interrupt has begun. It should return the raw, unmodified 3436value obtained from the interrupt controller when acknowledging an interrupt. 3437The actual interrupt number shall be extracted from this raw value using the API 3438`plat_ic_get_interrupt_id()<plat_ic_get_interrupt_id>`. 3439 3440This function in Arm standard platforms using GICv2, reads the *Interrupt 3441Acknowledge Register* (``GICC_IAR``). This changes the state of the highest 3442priority pending interrupt from pending to active in the interrupt controller. 3443It returns the value read from the ``GICC_IAR``, unmodified. 3444 3445In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv3, if the API is invoked 3446from EL3, the function reads the system register ``ICC_IAR0_EL1``, *Interrupt 3447Acknowledge Register group 0*. If the API is invoked from S-EL1, the function 3448reads the system register ``ICC_IAR1_EL1``, *Interrupt Acknowledge Register 3449group 1*. The read changes the state of the highest pending interrupt from 3450pending to active in the interrupt controller. The value read is returned 3451unmodified. 3452 3453The TSP uses this API to start processing of the secure physical timer 3454interrupt. 3455 3456Function : plat_ic_end_of_interrupt() [mandatory] 3457~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3458 3459:: 3460 3461 Argument : uint32_t 3462 Return : void 3463 3464This API is used by the CPU to indicate to the platform IC that processing of 3465the interrupt corresponding to the id (passed as the parameter) has 3466finished. The id should be the same as the id returned by the 3467``plat_ic_acknowledge_interrupt()`` API. 3468 3469Arm standard platforms write the id to the *End of Interrupt Register* 3470(``GICC_EOIR``) in case of GICv2, and to ``ICC_EOIR0_EL1`` or ``ICC_EOIR1_EL1`` 3471system register in case of GICv3 depending on where the API is invoked from, 3472EL3 or S-EL1. This deactivates the corresponding interrupt in the interrupt 3473controller. 3474 3475The TSP uses this API to finish processing of the secure physical timer 3476interrupt. 3477 3478Function : plat_ic_get_interrupt_type() [mandatory] 3479~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3480 3481:: 3482 3483 Argument : uint32_t 3484 Return : uint32_t 3485 3486This API returns the type of the interrupt id passed as the parameter. 3487``INTR_TYPE_INVAL`` is returned if the id is invalid. If the id is valid, a valid 3488interrupt type (one of ``INTR_TYPE_EL3``, ``INTR_TYPE_S_EL1`` and ``INTR_TYPE_NS``) is 3489returned depending upon how the interrupt has been configured by the platform 3490IC. This API must be invoked at EL3. 3491 3492Arm standard platforms using GICv2 configures S-EL1 interrupts as Group0 interrupts 3493and Non-secure interrupts as Group1 interrupts. It reads the group value 3494corresponding to the interrupt id from the relevant *Interrupt Group Register* 3495(``GICD_IGROUPRn``). It uses the group value to determine the type of interrupt. 3496 3497In the case of Arm standard platforms using GICv3, both the *Interrupt Group 3498Register* (``GICD_IGROUPRn``) and *Interrupt Group Modifier Register* 3499(``GICD_IGRPMODRn``) is read to figure out whether the interrupt is configured 3500as Group 0 secure interrupt, Group 1 secure interrupt or Group 1 NS interrupt. 3501 3502Registering a console 3503--------------------- 3504 3505Platforms will need to implement the TF-A console framework to register and use 3506a console for visual data output in TF-A. These can be used for data output during 3507the different stages of the firmware boot process and also for debugging purposes. 3508 3509The console framework can be used to output data on to a console using a number of 3510TF-A supported UARTs. Multiple consoles can be registered at the same time with 3511different output scopes (BOOT, RUNTIME, CRASH) so that data can be displayed on 3512their respective consoles without unnecessary cluttering of a single console. 3513 3514Information for registering a console can be found in the :ref:`Console Framework` section 3515of the :ref:`System Design` documentation. 3516 3517Common helper functions 3518----------------------- 3519Function : elx_panic() 3520~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3521 3522:: 3523 3524 Argument : void 3525 Return : void 3526 3527This API is called from assembly files when reporting a critical failure 3528that has occured in lower EL and is been trapped in EL3. This call 3529**must not** return. 3530 3531Function : el3_panic() 3532~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3533 3534:: 3535 3536 Argument : void 3537 Return : void 3538 3539This API is called from assembly files when encountering a critical failure that 3540cannot be recovered from. This function assumes that it is invoked from a C 3541runtime environment i.e. valid stack exists. This call **must not** return. 3542 3543Function : panic() 3544~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3545 3546:: 3547 3548 Argument : void 3549 Return : void 3550 3551This API called from C files when encountering a critical failure that cannot 3552be recovered from. This function in turn prints backtrace (if enabled) and calls 3553el3_panic(). This call **must not** return. 3554 3555Crash Reporting mechanism (in BL31) 3556----------------------------------- 3557 3558BL31 implements a crash reporting mechanism which prints the various registers 3559of the CPU to enable quick crash analysis and debugging. This mechanism relies 3560on the platform implementing ``plat_crash_console_init``, 3561``plat_crash_console_putc`` and ``plat_crash_console_flush``. 3562 3563The file ``plat/common/aarch64/crash_console_helpers.S`` contains sample 3564implementation of all of them. Platforms may include this file to their 3565makefiles in order to benefit from them. By default, they will cause the crash 3566output to be routed over the normal console infrastructure and get printed on 3567consoles configured to output in crash state. ``console_set_scope()`` can be 3568used to control whether a console is used for crash output. 3569 3570.. note:: 3571 Platforms are responsible for making sure that they only mark consoles for 3572 use in the crash scope that are able to support this, i.e. that are written 3573 in assembly and conform with the register clobber rules for putc() 3574 (x0-x2, x16-x17) and flush() (x0-x3, x16-x17) crash callbacks. 3575 3576In some cases (such as debugging very early crashes that happen before the 3577normal boot console can be set up), platforms may want to control crash output 3578more explicitly. These platforms may instead provide custom implementations for 3579these. They are executed outside of a C environment and without a stack. Many 3580console drivers provide functions named ``console_xxx_core_init/putc/flush`` 3581that are designed to be used by these functions. See Arm platforms (like juno) 3582for an example of this. 3583 3584Function : plat_crash_console_init [mandatory] 3585~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3586 3587:: 3588 3589 Argument : void 3590 Return : int 3591 3592This API is used by the crash reporting mechanism to initialize the crash 3593console. It must only use the general purpose registers x0 through x7 to do the 3594initialization and returns 1 on success. 3595 3596Function : plat_crash_console_putc [mandatory] 3597~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3598 3599:: 3600 3601 Argument : int 3602 Return : int 3603 3604This API is used by the crash reporting mechanism to print a character on the 3605designated crash console. It must only use general purpose registers x1 and 3606x2 to do its work. The parameter and the return value are in general purpose 3607register x0. 3608 3609Function : plat_crash_console_flush [mandatory] 3610~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3611 3612:: 3613 3614 Argument : void 3615 Return : void 3616 3617This API is used by the crash reporting mechanism to force write of all buffered 3618data on the designated crash console. It should only use general purpose 3619registers x0 through x5 to do its work. 3620 3621Function : plat_setup_early_console [optional] 3622~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3623 3624:: 3625 3626 Argument : void 3627 Return : void 3628 3629This API is used to setup the early console, it is required only if the flag 3630``EARLY_CONSOLE`` is enabled. 3631 3632.. _External Abort handling and RAS Support: 3633 3634External Abort handling and RAS Support 3635--------------------------------------- 3636 3637If any cores on the platform support powerdown abandon (i.e. ``FEAT_PABANDON`` 3638is set, check the "Core powerup and powerdown sequence" in their TRMs), then 3639these functions should be able to handle being called with power domains off and 3640after the powerdown ``wfi``. In other words it may run after a call to 3641``pwr_domain_suspend()`` and before a call to ``pwr_domain_suspend_finish()`` 3642(and their power off counterparts). 3643 3644Should this not be desirable, or if there is no powerdown abandon support, then 3645RAS errors should be masked by writing any relevant error records in any 3646powerdown hooks to prevent deadlocks due to a RAS error after the point of no 3647return. See the core's TRM for further information. 3648 3649Function : plat_ea_handler 3650~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3651 3652:: 3653 3654 Argument : int 3655 Argument : uint64_t 3656 Argument : void * 3657 Argument : void * 3658 Argument : uint64_t 3659 Return : void 3660 3661This function is invoked by the runtime exception handling framework for the 3662platform to handle an External Abort received at EL3. The intention of the 3663function is to attempt to resolve the cause of External Abort and return; 3664if that's not possible then an orderly shutdown of the system is initiated. 3665 3666The first parameter (``int ea_reason``) indicates the reason for External Abort. 3667Its value is one of ``ERROR_EA_*`` constants defined in ``ea_handle.h``. 3668 3669The second parameter (``uint64_t syndrome``) is the respective syndrome 3670presented to EL3 after having received the External Abort. Depending on the 3671nature of the abort (as can be inferred from the ``ea_reason`` parameter), this 3672can be the content of either ``ESR_EL3`` or ``DISR_EL1``. 3673 3674The third parameter (``void *cookie``) is unused for now. The fourth parameter 3675(``void *handle``) is a pointer to the preempted context. The fifth parameter 3676(``uint64_t flags``) indicates the preempted security state. These parameters 3677are received from the top-level exception handler. 3678 3679This function must be implemented if a platform expects Firmware First handling 3680of External Aborts. 3681 3682Function : plat_handle_uncontainable_ea 3683~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3684 3685:: 3686 3687 Argument : int 3688 Argument : uint64_t 3689 Return : void 3690 3691This function is invoked by the RAS framework when an External Abort of 3692Uncontainable type is received at EL3. Due to the critical nature of 3693Uncontainable errors, the intention of this function is to initiate orderly 3694shutdown of the system, and is not expected to return. 3695 3696This function must be implemented in assembly. 3697 3698The first and second parameters are the same as that of ``plat_ea_handler``. 3699 3700The default implementation of this function calls 3701``report_unhandled_exception``. 3702 3703Function : plat_handle_double_fault 3704~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3705 3706:: 3707 3708 Argument : int 3709 Argument : uint64_t 3710 Return : void 3711 3712This function is invoked by the RAS framework when another External Abort is 3713received at EL3 while one is already being handled. I.e., a call to 3714``plat_ea_handler`` is outstanding. Due to its critical nature, the intention of 3715this function is to initiate orderly shutdown of the system, and is not expected 3716recover or return. 3717 3718This function must be implemented in assembly. 3719 3720The first and second parameters are the same as that of ``plat_ea_handler``. 3721 3722The default implementation of this function calls 3723``report_unhandled_exception``. 3724 3725Function : plat_handle_el3_ea 3726~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3727 3728:: 3729 3730 Return : void 3731 3732This function is invoked when an External Abort is received while executing in 3733EL3. Due to its critical nature, the intention of this function is to initiate 3734orderly shutdown of the system, and is not expected recover or return. 3735 3736This function must be implemented in assembly. 3737 3738The default implementation of this function calls 3739``report_unhandled_exception``. 3740 3741Function : plat_handle_rng_trap 3742~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3743 3744:: 3745 3746 Argument : uint64_t 3747 Argument : cpu_context_t * 3748 Return : int 3749 3750This function is invoked by BL31's exception handler when there is a synchronous 3751system register trap caused by access to the RNDR or RNDRRS registers. It allows 3752platforms implementing ``FEAT_RNG_TRAP`` and enabling ``ENABLE_FEAT_RNG_TRAP`` to 3753emulate those system registers by returing back some entropy to the lower EL. 3754 3755The first parameter (``uint64_t esr_el3``) contains the content of the ESR_EL3 3756syndrome register, which encodes the instruction that was trapped. The interesting 3757information in there is the target register (``get_sysreg_iss_rt()``). 3758 3759The second parameter (``cpu_context_t *ctx``) represents the CPU state in the 3760lower exception level, at the time when the execution of the ``mrs`` instruction 3761was trapped. Its content can be changed, to put the entropy into the target 3762register. 3763 3764The return value indicates how to proceed: 3765 3766- When returning ``TRAP_RET_UNHANDLED`` (-1), the machine will panic. 3767- When returning ``TRAP_RET_REPEAT`` (0), the exception handler will return 3768 to the same instruction, so its execution will be repeated. 3769- When returning ``TRAP_RET_CONTINUE`` (1), the exception handler will return 3770 to the next instruction. 3771 3772This function needs to be implemented by a platform if it enables FEAT_RNG_TRAP. 3773 3774Function : plat_handle_impdef_trap 3775~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3776 3777:: 3778 3779 Argument : uint64_t 3780 Argument : cpu_context_t * 3781 Return : int 3782 3783This function is invoked by BL31's exception handler when there is a synchronous 3784system register trap caused by access to the implementation defined registers. 3785It allows platforms enabling ``IMPDEF_SYSREG_TRAP`` to emulate those system 3786registers choosing to program bits of their choice. If using in combination with 3787``ARCH_FEATURE_AVAILABILITY``, the macros 3788{SCR,MDCR,CPTR}_PLAT_{BITS,IGNORED,FLIPPED} should be defined to report correct 3789results. 3790 3791The first parameter (``uint64_t esr_el3``) contains the content of the ESR_EL3 3792syndrome register, which encodes the instruction that was trapped. 3793 3794The second parameter (``cpu_context_t *ctx``) represents the CPU state in the 3795lower exception level, at the time when the execution of the ``mrs`` instruction 3796was trapped. 3797 3798The return value indicates how to proceed: 3799 3800- When returning ``TRAP_RET_UNHANDLED`` (-1), the machine will panic. 3801- When returning ``TRAP_RET_REPEAT`` (0), the exception handler will return 3802 to the same instruction, so its execution will be repeated. 3803- When returning ``TRAP_RET_CONTINUE`` (1), the exception handler will return 3804 to the next instruction. 3805 3806This function needs to be implemented by a platform if it enables 3807IMPDEF_SYSREG_TRAP. 3808 3809Build flags 3810----------- 3811 3812There are some build flags which can be defined by the platform to control 3813inclusion or exclusion of certain BL stages from the FIP image. These flags 3814need to be defined in the platform makefile which will get included by the 3815build system. 3816 3817- **NEED_BL33** 3818 By default, this flag is defined ``yes`` by the build system and ``BL33`` 3819 build option should be supplied as a build option. The platform has the 3820 option of excluding the BL33 image in the ``fip`` image by defining this flag 3821 to ``no``. If any of the options ``EL3_PAYLOAD_BASE`` or ``PRELOADED_BL33_BASE`` 3822 are used, this flag will be set to ``no`` automatically. 3823 3824- **ARM_ARCH_MAJOR and ARM_ARCH_MINOR** 3825 By default, ARM_ARCH_MAJOR.ARM_ARCH_MINOR is set to 8.0 in ``defaults.mk``, 3826 if the platform makefile/build defines or uses the correct ARM_ARCH_MAJOR and 3827 ARM_ARCH_MINOR then mandatory Architectural features available for that Arch 3828 version will be enabled by default and any optional Arch feature supported by 3829 the Architecture and available in TF-A can be enabled from platform specific 3830 makefile. Look up to ``arch_features.mk`` for details pertaining to mandatory 3831 and optional Arch specific features. 3832 3833Platform include paths 3834---------------------- 3835 3836Platforms are allowed to add more include paths to be passed to the compiler. 3837The ``PLAT_INCLUDES`` variable is used for this purpose. This is needed in 3838particular for the file ``platform_def.h``. 3839 3840Example: 3841 3842.. code:: c 3843 3844 PLAT_INCLUDES += -Iinclude/plat/myplat/include 3845 3846C Library 3847--------- 3848 3849To avoid subtle toolchain behavioral dependencies, the header files provided 3850by the compiler are not used. The software is built with the ``-nostdinc`` flag 3851to ensure no headers are included from the toolchain inadvertently. Instead the 3852required headers are included in the TF-A source tree. The library only 3853contains those C library definitions required by the local implementation. If 3854more functionality is required, the needed library functions will need to be 3855added to the local implementation. 3856 3857Some C headers have been obtained from `FreeBSD`_ and `SCC`_, while others have 3858been written specifically for TF-A. Some implementation files have been obtained 3859from `FreeBSD`_, others have been written specifically for TF-A as well. The 3860files can be found in ``include/lib/libc`` and ``lib/libc``. 3861 3862SCC can be found in http://www.simple-cc.org/. A copy of the `FreeBSD`_ sources 3863can be obtained from http://github.com/freebsd/freebsd. 3864 3865Storage abstraction layer 3866------------------------- 3867 3868In order to improve platform independence and portability a storage abstraction 3869layer is used to load data from non-volatile platform storage. Currently 3870storage access is only required by BL1 and BL2 phases and performed inside the 3871``load_image()`` function in ``bl_common.c``. 3872 3873.. uml:: resources/diagrams/plantuml/io_framework_usage_overview.puml 3874 3875It is mandatory to implement at least one storage driver. For the Arm 3876development platforms the Firmware Image Package (FIP) driver is provided as 3877the default means to load data from storage (see :ref:`firmware_design_fip`). 3878The storage layer is described in the header file 3879``include/drivers/io/io_storage.h``. The implementation of the common library is 3880in ``drivers/io/io_storage.c`` and the driver files are located in 3881``drivers/io/``. 3882 3883.. uml:: resources/diagrams/plantuml/io_arm_class_diagram.puml 3884 3885Each IO driver must provide ``io_dev_*`` structures, as described in 3886``drivers/io/io_driver.h``. These are returned via a mandatory registration 3887function that is called on platform initialization. The semi-hosting driver 3888implementation in ``io_semihosting.c`` can be used as an example. 3889 3890Each platform should register devices and their drivers via the storage 3891abstraction layer. These drivers then need to be initialized by bootloader 3892phases as required in their respective ``blx_platform_setup()`` functions. 3893 3894.. uml:: resources/diagrams/plantuml/io_dev_registration.puml 3895 3896The storage abstraction layer provides mechanisms (``io_dev_init()``) to 3897initialize storage devices before IO operations are called. 3898 3899.. uml:: resources/diagrams/plantuml/io_dev_init_and_check.puml 3900 3901The basic operations supported by the layer 3902include ``open()``, ``close()``, ``read()``, ``write()``, ``size()`` and ``seek()``. 3903Drivers do not have to implement all operations, but each platform must 3904provide at least one driver for a device capable of supporting generic 3905operations such as loading a bootloader image. 3906 3907The current implementation only allows for known images to be loaded by the 3908firmware. These images are specified by using their identifiers, as defined in 3909``include/plat/common/common_def.h`` (or a separate header file included from 3910there). The platform layer (``plat_get_image_source()``) then returns a reference 3911to a device and a driver-specific ``spec`` which will be understood by the driver 3912to allow access to the image data. 3913 3914The layer is designed in such a way that is it possible to chain drivers with 3915other drivers. For example, file-system drivers may be implemented on top of 3916physical block devices, both represented by IO devices with corresponding 3917drivers. In such a case, the file-system "binding" with the block device may 3918be deferred until the file-system device is initialised. 3919 3920The abstraction currently depends on structures being statically allocated 3921by the drivers and callers, as the system does not yet provide a means of 3922dynamically allocating memory. This may also have the affect of limiting the 3923amount of open resources per driver. 3924 3925Measured Boot Platform Interface 3926-------------------------------- 3927 3928Enabling the MEASURED_BOOT flag adds extra platform requirements. Please refer 3929to :ref:`Measured Boot Design` for more details. 3930 3931Live Firmware Activation Interface 3932---------------------------------- 3933 3934Function : plat_lfa_get_components() 3935~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3936 3937:: 3938 3939 Argument : plat_lfa_component_info_t ** 3940 Return : int 3941 3942This platform API provides the list of LFA components available for activation. 3943It populates a pointer to an array of ``plat_lfa_component_info_t`` structures, 3944which contain information about each component (like UUID, ID, etc.). It returns 39450 on success, or a standard error code on failure. 3946 3947Function : is_plat_lfa_activation_pending() 3948~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3949 3950:: 3951 3952 Argument : uint32_t 3953 Return : bool 3954 3955This platform API checks if the specified LFA component, identified 3956by its ``lfa_component_id``, is available for activation. It returns 3957true if available, otherwise false. 3958 3959Function : plat_lfa_cancel() 3960~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3961 3962:: 3963 3964 Argument : uint32_t 3965 Return : int 3966 3967This platform API allows the platform to cancel an ongoing update or activation 3968process for the specified ``lfa_component_id``. It returns 0 on success or 3969a standard error code on failure. 3970 3971Function : plat_lfa_load_auth_image() 3972~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3973 3974:: 3975 3976 Argument : uint32_t 3977 Return : int 3978 3979The platform uses this API to load, authenticate and measure the component 3980specified by ``lfa_component_id``. It should return 0 on success or appropriate 3981error codes for load/authentication failures. 3982 3983-------------- 3984 3985*Copyright (c) 2013-2025, Arm Limited and Contributors. All rights reserved.* 3986 3987.. _PSCI: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0022/latest/ 3988.. _Arm Generic Interrupt Controller version 2.0 (GICv2): http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ihi0048b/index.html 3989.. _3.0 (GICv3): http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ihi0069b/index.html 3990.. _FreeBSD: https://www.freebsd.org 3991.. _SCC: http://www.simple-cc.org/ 3992.. _DRTM: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0113/a 3993