1*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
2*4882a593Smuzhiyun * This file provides ECC correction for more than 1 bit per block of data,
3*4882a593Smuzhiyun * using binary BCH codes. It relies on the generic BCH library lib/bch.c.
4*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
5*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Copyright © 2011 Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
6*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
7*4882a593Smuzhiyun * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
8*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
9*4882a593Smuzhiyun
10*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <common.h>
11*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*#include <asm/io.h>*/
12*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/types.h>
13*4882a593Smuzhiyun
14*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/bitops.h>
15*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
16*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/rawnand.h>
17*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/nand_bch.h>
18*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/bch.h>
19*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <malloc.h>
20*4882a593Smuzhiyun
21*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
22*4882a593Smuzhiyun * struct nand_bch_control - private NAND BCH control structure
23*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @bch: BCH control structure
24*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @ecclayout: private ecc layout for this BCH configuration
25*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @errloc: error location array
26*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @eccmask: XOR ecc mask, allows erased pages to be decoded as valid
27*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
28*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control {
29*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct bch_control *bch;
30*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_ecclayout ecclayout;
31*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int *errloc;
32*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned char *eccmask;
33*4882a593Smuzhiyun };
34*4882a593Smuzhiyun
35*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
36*4882a593Smuzhiyun * nand_bch_calculate_ecc - [NAND Interface] Calculate ECC for data block
37*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @mtd: MTD block structure
38*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @buf: input buffer with raw data
39*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @code: output buffer with ECC
40*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
nand_bch_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info * mtd,const unsigned char * buf,unsigned char * code)41*4882a593Smuzhiyun int nand_bch_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, const unsigned char *buf,
42*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned char *code)
43*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
44*4882a593Smuzhiyun const struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
45*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control *nbc = chip->ecc.priv;
46*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int i;
47*4882a593Smuzhiyun
48*4882a593Smuzhiyun memset(code, 0, chip->ecc.bytes);
49*4882a593Smuzhiyun encode_bch(nbc->bch, buf, chip->ecc.size, code);
50*4882a593Smuzhiyun
51*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* apply mask so that an erased page is a valid codeword */
52*4882a593Smuzhiyun for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.bytes; i++)
53*4882a593Smuzhiyun code[i] ^= nbc->eccmask[i];
54*4882a593Smuzhiyun
55*4882a593Smuzhiyun return 0;
56*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
57*4882a593Smuzhiyun
58*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
59*4882a593Smuzhiyun * nand_bch_correct_data - [NAND Interface] Detect and correct bit error(s)
60*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @mtd: MTD block structure
61*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @buf: raw data read from the chip
62*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @read_ecc: ECC from the chip
63*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @calc_ecc: the ECC calculated from raw data
64*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
65*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Detect and correct bit errors for a data byte block
66*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
nand_bch_correct_data(struct mtd_info * mtd,unsigned char * buf,unsigned char * read_ecc,unsigned char * calc_ecc)67*4882a593Smuzhiyun int nand_bch_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned char *buf,
68*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned char *read_ecc, unsigned char *calc_ecc)
69*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
70*4882a593Smuzhiyun const struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
71*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control *nbc = chip->ecc.priv;
72*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int *errloc = nbc->errloc;
73*4882a593Smuzhiyun int i, count;
74*4882a593Smuzhiyun
75*4882a593Smuzhiyun count = decode_bch(nbc->bch, NULL, chip->ecc.size, read_ecc, calc_ecc,
76*4882a593Smuzhiyun NULL, errloc);
77*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (count > 0) {
78*4882a593Smuzhiyun for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
79*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (errloc[i] < (chip->ecc.size*8))
80*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* error is located in data, correct it */
81*4882a593Smuzhiyun buf[errloc[i] >> 3] ^= (1 << (errloc[i] & 7));
82*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* else error in ecc, no action needed */
83*4882a593Smuzhiyun
84*4882a593Smuzhiyun pr_debug("%s: corrected bitflip %u\n",
85*4882a593Smuzhiyun __func__, errloc[i]);
86*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
87*4882a593Smuzhiyun } else if (count < 0) {
88*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_ERR "ecc unrecoverable error\n");
89*4882a593Smuzhiyun count = -EBADMSG;
90*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
91*4882a593Smuzhiyun return count;
92*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
93*4882a593Smuzhiyun
94*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
95*4882a593Smuzhiyun * nand_bch_init - [NAND Interface] Initialize NAND BCH error correction
96*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @mtd: MTD block structure
97*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
98*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Returns:
99*4882a593Smuzhiyun * a pointer to a new NAND BCH control structure, or NULL upon failure
100*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
101*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Initialize NAND BCH error correction. Parameters @eccsize and @eccbytes
102*4882a593Smuzhiyun * are used to compute BCH parameters m (Galois field order) and t (error
103*4882a593Smuzhiyun * correction capability). @eccbytes should be equal to the number of bytes
104*4882a593Smuzhiyun * required to store m*t bits, where m is such that 2^m-1 > @eccsize*8.
105*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
106*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Example: to configure 4 bit correction per 512 bytes, you should pass
107*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @eccsize = 512 (thus, m=13 is the smallest integer such that 2^m-1 > 512*8)
108*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @eccbytes = 7 (7 bytes are required to store m*t = 13*4 = 52 bits)
109*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
nand_bch_init(struct mtd_info * mtd)110*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control *nand_bch_init(struct mtd_info *mtd)
111*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
112*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_chip *nand = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
113*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int m, t, eccsteps, i;
114*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_ecclayout *layout = nand->ecc.layout;
115*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control *nbc = NULL;
116*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned char *erased_page;
117*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int eccsize = nand->ecc.size;
118*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int eccbytes = nand->ecc.bytes;
119*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned int eccstrength = nand->ecc.strength;
120*4882a593Smuzhiyun
121*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!eccbytes && eccstrength) {
122*4882a593Smuzhiyun eccbytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(eccstrength * fls(8 * eccsize), 8);
123*4882a593Smuzhiyun nand->ecc.bytes = eccbytes;
124*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
125*4882a593Smuzhiyun
126*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!eccsize || !eccbytes) {
127*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "ecc parameters not supplied\n");
128*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
129*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
130*4882a593Smuzhiyun
131*4882a593Smuzhiyun m = fls(1+8*eccsize);
132*4882a593Smuzhiyun t = (eccbytes*8)/m;
133*4882a593Smuzhiyun
134*4882a593Smuzhiyun nbc = kzalloc(sizeof(*nbc), GFP_KERNEL);
135*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!nbc)
136*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
137*4882a593Smuzhiyun
138*4882a593Smuzhiyun nbc->bch = init_bch(m, t, 0);
139*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!nbc->bch)
140*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
141*4882a593Smuzhiyun
142*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* verify that eccbytes has the expected value */
143*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (nbc->bch->ecc_bytes != eccbytes) {
144*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "invalid eccbytes %u, should be %u\n",
145*4882a593Smuzhiyun eccbytes, nbc->bch->ecc_bytes);
146*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
147*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
148*4882a593Smuzhiyun
149*4882a593Smuzhiyun eccsteps = mtd->writesize/eccsize;
150*4882a593Smuzhiyun
151*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* if no ecc placement scheme was provided, build one */
152*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!layout) {
153*4882a593Smuzhiyun
154*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* handle large page devices only */
155*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (mtd->oobsize < 64) {
156*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "must provide an oob scheme for "
157*4882a593Smuzhiyun "oobsize %d\n", mtd->oobsize);
158*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
159*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
160*4882a593Smuzhiyun
161*4882a593Smuzhiyun layout = &nbc->ecclayout;
162*4882a593Smuzhiyun layout->eccbytes = eccsteps*eccbytes;
163*4882a593Smuzhiyun
164*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* reserve 2 bytes for bad block marker */
165*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (layout->eccbytes+2 > mtd->oobsize) {
166*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "no suitable oob scheme available "
167*4882a593Smuzhiyun "for oobsize %d eccbytes %u\n", mtd->oobsize,
168*4882a593Smuzhiyun eccbytes);
169*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
170*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
171*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* put ecc bytes at oob tail */
172*4882a593Smuzhiyun for (i = 0; i < layout->eccbytes; i++)
173*4882a593Smuzhiyun layout->eccpos[i] = mtd->oobsize-layout->eccbytes+i;
174*4882a593Smuzhiyun
175*4882a593Smuzhiyun layout->oobfree[0].offset = 2;
176*4882a593Smuzhiyun layout->oobfree[0].length = mtd->oobsize-2-layout->eccbytes;
177*4882a593Smuzhiyun
178*4882a593Smuzhiyun nand->ecc.layout = layout;
179*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
180*4882a593Smuzhiyun
181*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* sanity checks */
182*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (8*(eccsize+eccbytes) >= (1 << m)) {
183*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "eccsize %u is too large\n", eccsize);
184*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
185*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
186*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (layout->eccbytes != (eccsteps*eccbytes)) {
187*4882a593Smuzhiyun printk(KERN_WARNING "invalid ecc layout\n");
188*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
189*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
190*4882a593Smuzhiyun
191*4882a593Smuzhiyun nbc->eccmask = kmalloc(eccbytes, GFP_KERNEL);
192*4882a593Smuzhiyun nbc->errloc = kmalloc(t*sizeof(*nbc->errloc), GFP_KERNEL);
193*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!nbc->eccmask || !nbc->errloc)
194*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
195*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
196*4882a593Smuzhiyun * compute and store the inverted ecc of an erased ecc block
197*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
198*4882a593Smuzhiyun erased_page = kmalloc(eccsize, GFP_KERNEL);
199*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!erased_page)
200*4882a593Smuzhiyun goto fail;
201*4882a593Smuzhiyun
202*4882a593Smuzhiyun memset(erased_page, 0xff, eccsize);
203*4882a593Smuzhiyun memset(nbc->eccmask, 0, eccbytes);
204*4882a593Smuzhiyun encode_bch(nbc->bch, erased_page, eccsize, nbc->eccmask);
205*4882a593Smuzhiyun kfree(erased_page);
206*4882a593Smuzhiyun
207*4882a593Smuzhiyun for (i = 0; i < eccbytes; i++)
208*4882a593Smuzhiyun nbc->eccmask[i] ^= 0xff;
209*4882a593Smuzhiyun
210*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!eccstrength)
211*4882a593Smuzhiyun nand->ecc.strength = (eccbytes * 8) / fls(8 * eccsize);
212*4882a593Smuzhiyun
213*4882a593Smuzhiyun return nbc;
214*4882a593Smuzhiyun fail:
215*4882a593Smuzhiyun nand_bch_free(nbc);
216*4882a593Smuzhiyun return NULL;
217*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
218*4882a593Smuzhiyun
219*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
220*4882a593Smuzhiyun * nand_bch_free - [NAND Interface] Release NAND BCH ECC resources
221*4882a593Smuzhiyun * @nbc: NAND BCH control structure
222*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
nand_bch_free(struct nand_bch_control * nbc)223*4882a593Smuzhiyun void nand_bch_free(struct nand_bch_control *nbc)
224*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
225*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (nbc) {
226*4882a593Smuzhiyun free_bch(nbc->bch);
227*4882a593Smuzhiyun kfree(nbc->errloc);
228*4882a593Smuzhiyun kfree(nbc->eccmask);
229*4882a593Smuzhiyun kfree(nbc);
230*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
231*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
232