xref: /OK3568_Linux_fs/u-boot/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/nand_bch.c (revision 4882a59341e53eb6f0b4789bf948001014eff981)
1*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
2*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * This file provides ECC correction for more than 1 bit per block of data,
3*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * using binary BCH codes. It relies on the generic BCH library lib/bch.c.
4*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
5*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Copyright © 2011 Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
6*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
7*4882a593Smuzhiyun   * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
8*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
9*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
10*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <common.h>
11*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*#include <asm/io.h>*/
12*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/types.h>
13*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
14*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/bitops.h>
15*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
16*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/rawnand.h>
17*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/mtd/nand_bch.h>
18*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/bch.h>
19*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <malloc.h>
20*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
21*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
22*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * struct nand_bch_control - private NAND BCH control structure
23*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @bch:       BCH control structure
24*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @ecclayout: private ecc layout for this BCH configuration
25*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @errloc:    error location array
26*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @eccmask:   XOR ecc mask, allows erased pages to be decoded as valid
27*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
28*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control {
29*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct bch_control   *bch;
30*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_ecclayout ecclayout;
31*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int         *errloc;
32*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned char        *eccmask;
33*4882a593Smuzhiyun };
34*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
35*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
36*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * nand_bch_calculate_ecc - [NAND Interface] Calculate ECC for data block
37*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @mtd:	MTD block structure
38*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @buf:	input buffer with raw data
39*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @code:	output buffer with ECC
40*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
nand_bch_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info * mtd,const unsigned char * buf,unsigned char * code)41*4882a593Smuzhiyun int nand_bch_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, const unsigned char *buf,
42*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			   unsigned char *code)
43*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
44*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	const struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
45*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_bch_control *nbc = chip->ecc.priv;
46*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int i;
47*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
48*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	memset(code, 0, chip->ecc.bytes);
49*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	encode_bch(nbc->bch, buf, chip->ecc.size, code);
50*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
51*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* apply mask so that an erased page is a valid codeword */
52*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.bytes; i++)
53*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		code[i] ^= nbc->eccmask[i];
54*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
55*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	return 0;
56*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
57*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
58*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
59*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * nand_bch_correct_data - [NAND Interface] Detect and correct bit error(s)
60*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @mtd:	MTD block structure
61*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @buf:	raw data read from the chip
62*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @read_ecc:	ECC from the chip
63*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @calc_ecc:	the ECC calculated from raw data
64*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
65*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Detect and correct bit errors for a data byte block
66*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
nand_bch_correct_data(struct mtd_info * mtd,unsigned char * buf,unsigned char * read_ecc,unsigned char * calc_ecc)67*4882a593Smuzhiyun int nand_bch_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned char *buf,
68*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			  unsigned char *read_ecc, unsigned char *calc_ecc)
69*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
70*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	const struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
71*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_bch_control *nbc = chip->ecc.priv;
72*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int *errloc = nbc->errloc;
73*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	int i, count;
74*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
75*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	count = decode_bch(nbc->bch, NULL, chip->ecc.size, read_ecc, calc_ecc,
76*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			   NULL, errloc);
77*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (count > 0) {
78*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
79*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			if (errloc[i] < (chip->ecc.size*8))
80*4882a593Smuzhiyun 				/* error is located in data, correct it */
81*4882a593Smuzhiyun 				buf[errloc[i] >> 3] ^= (1 << (errloc[i] & 7));
82*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			/* else error in ecc, no action needed */
83*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
84*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			pr_debug("%s: corrected bitflip %u\n",
85*4882a593Smuzhiyun 				 __func__, errloc[i]);
86*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		}
87*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	} else if (count < 0) {
88*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		printk(KERN_ERR "ecc unrecoverable error\n");
89*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		count = -EBADMSG;
90*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
91*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	return count;
92*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
93*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
94*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
95*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * nand_bch_init - [NAND Interface] Initialize NAND BCH error correction
96*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @mtd:	MTD block structure
97*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
98*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Returns:
99*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *  a pointer to a new NAND BCH control structure, or NULL upon failure
100*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
101*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Initialize NAND BCH error correction. Parameters @eccsize and @eccbytes
102*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * are used to compute BCH parameters m (Galois field order) and t (error
103*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * correction capability). @eccbytes should be equal to the number of bytes
104*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * required to store m*t bits, where m is such that 2^m-1 > @eccsize*8.
105*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
106*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Example: to configure 4 bit correction per 512 bytes, you should pass
107*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @eccsize = 512  (thus, m=13 is the smallest integer such that 2^m-1 > 512*8)
108*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @eccbytes = 7   (7 bytes are required to store m*t = 13*4 = 52 bits)
109*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
nand_bch_init(struct mtd_info * mtd)110*4882a593Smuzhiyun struct nand_bch_control *nand_bch_init(struct mtd_info *mtd)
111*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
112*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_chip *nand = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
113*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int m, t, eccsteps, i;
114*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_ecclayout *layout = nand->ecc.layout;
115*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct nand_bch_control *nbc = NULL;
116*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned char *erased_page;
117*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int eccsize = nand->ecc.size;
118*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int eccbytes = nand->ecc.bytes;
119*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned int eccstrength = nand->ecc.strength;
120*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
121*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!eccbytes && eccstrength) {
122*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		eccbytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(eccstrength * fls(8 * eccsize), 8);
123*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		nand->ecc.bytes = eccbytes;
124*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
125*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
126*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!eccsize || !eccbytes) {
127*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		printk(KERN_WARNING "ecc parameters not supplied\n");
128*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
129*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
130*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
131*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	m = fls(1+8*eccsize);
132*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	t = (eccbytes*8)/m;
133*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
134*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	nbc = kzalloc(sizeof(*nbc), GFP_KERNEL);
135*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!nbc)
136*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
137*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
138*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	nbc->bch = init_bch(m, t, 0);
139*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!nbc->bch)
140*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
141*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
142*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* verify that eccbytes has the expected value */
143*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (nbc->bch->ecc_bytes != eccbytes) {
144*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		printk(KERN_WARNING "invalid eccbytes %u, should be %u\n",
145*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		       eccbytes, nbc->bch->ecc_bytes);
146*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
147*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
148*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
149*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	eccsteps = mtd->writesize/eccsize;
150*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
151*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* if no ecc placement scheme was provided, build one */
152*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!layout) {
153*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
154*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		/* handle large page devices only */
155*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		if (mtd->oobsize < 64) {
156*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			printk(KERN_WARNING "must provide an oob scheme for "
157*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			       "oobsize %d\n", mtd->oobsize);
158*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			goto fail;
159*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		}
160*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
161*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		layout = &nbc->ecclayout;
162*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		layout->eccbytes = eccsteps*eccbytes;
163*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
164*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		/* reserve 2 bytes for bad block marker */
165*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		if (layout->eccbytes+2 > mtd->oobsize) {
166*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			printk(KERN_WARNING "no suitable oob scheme available "
167*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			       "for oobsize %d eccbytes %u\n", mtd->oobsize,
168*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			       eccbytes);
169*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			goto fail;
170*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		}
171*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		/* put ecc bytes at oob tail */
172*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		for (i = 0; i < layout->eccbytes; i++)
173*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			layout->eccpos[i] = mtd->oobsize-layout->eccbytes+i;
174*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
175*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		layout->oobfree[0].offset = 2;
176*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		layout->oobfree[0].length = mtd->oobsize-2-layout->eccbytes;
177*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
178*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		nand->ecc.layout = layout;
179*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
180*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
181*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* sanity checks */
182*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (8*(eccsize+eccbytes) >= (1 << m)) {
183*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		printk(KERN_WARNING "eccsize %u is too large\n", eccsize);
184*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
185*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
186*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (layout->eccbytes != (eccsteps*eccbytes)) {
187*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		printk(KERN_WARNING "invalid ecc layout\n");
188*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
189*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
190*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
191*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	nbc->eccmask = kmalloc(eccbytes, GFP_KERNEL);
192*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	nbc->errloc = kmalloc(t*sizeof(*nbc->errloc), GFP_KERNEL);
193*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!nbc->eccmask || !nbc->errloc)
194*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
195*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/*
196*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * compute and store the inverted ecc of an erased ecc block
197*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 */
198*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	erased_page = kmalloc(eccsize, GFP_KERNEL);
199*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!erased_page)
200*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		goto fail;
201*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
202*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	memset(erased_page, 0xff, eccsize);
203*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	memset(nbc->eccmask, 0, eccbytes);
204*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	encode_bch(nbc->bch, erased_page, eccsize, nbc->eccmask);
205*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	kfree(erased_page);
206*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
207*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	for (i = 0; i < eccbytes; i++)
208*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		nbc->eccmask[i] ^= 0xff;
209*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
210*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!eccstrength)
211*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		nand->ecc.strength = (eccbytes * 8) / fls(8 * eccsize);
212*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
213*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	return nbc;
214*4882a593Smuzhiyun fail:
215*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	nand_bch_free(nbc);
216*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	return NULL;
217*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
218*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
219*4882a593Smuzhiyun /**
220*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * nand_bch_free - [NAND Interface] Release NAND BCH ECC resources
221*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * @nbc:	NAND BCH control structure
222*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
nand_bch_free(struct nand_bch_control * nbc)223*4882a593Smuzhiyun void nand_bch_free(struct nand_bch_control *nbc)
224*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
225*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (nbc) {
226*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		free_bch(nbc->bch);
227*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		kfree(nbc->errloc);
228*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		kfree(nbc->eccmask);
229*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		kfree(nbc);
230*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
231*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
232