xref: /OK3568_Linux_fs/kernel/arch/x86/mm/kaslr.c (revision 4882a59341e53eb6f0b4789bf948001014eff981)
1*4882a593Smuzhiyun // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
3*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * This file implements KASLR memory randomization for x86_64. It randomizes
4*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * the virtual address space of kernel memory regions (physical memory
5*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * mapping, vmalloc & vmemmap) for x86_64. This security feature mitigates
6*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * exploits relying on predictable kernel addresses.
7*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
8*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Entropy is generated using the KASLR early boot functions now shared in
9*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * the lib directory (originally written by Kees Cook). Randomization is
10*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * done on PGD & P4D/PUD page table levels to increase possible addresses.
11*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * The physical memory mapping code was adapted to support P4D/PUD level
12*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * virtual addresses. This implementation on the best configuration provides
13*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * 30,000 possible virtual addresses in average for each memory region.
14*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * An additional low memory page is used to ensure each CPU can start with
15*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * a PGD aligned virtual address (for realmode).
16*4882a593Smuzhiyun  *
17*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * The order of each memory region is not changed. The feature looks at
18*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * the available space for the regions based on different configuration
19*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * options and randomizes the base and space between each. The size of the
20*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * physical memory mapping is the available physical memory.
21*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
22*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
23*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/kernel.h>
24*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/init.h>
25*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/random.h>
26*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/memblock.h>
27*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <linux/pgtable.h>
28*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
29*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <asm/setup.h>
30*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <asm/kaslr.h>
31*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
32*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include "mm_internal.h"
33*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
34*4882a593Smuzhiyun #define TB_SHIFT 40
35*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
36*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
37*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * The end address could depend on more configuration options to make the
38*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * highest amount of space for randomization available, but that's too hard
39*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * to keep straight and caused issues already.
40*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
41*4882a593Smuzhiyun static const unsigned long vaddr_end = CPU_ENTRY_AREA_BASE;
42*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
43*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
44*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * Memory regions randomized by KASLR (except modules that use a separate logic
45*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * earlier during boot). The list is ordered based on virtual addresses. This
46*4882a593Smuzhiyun  * order is kept after randomization.
47*4882a593Smuzhiyun  */
48*4882a593Smuzhiyun static __initdata struct kaslr_memory_region {
49*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long *base;
50*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long size_tb;
51*4882a593Smuzhiyun } kaslr_regions[] = {
52*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	{ &page_offset_base, 0 },
53*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	{ &vmalloc_base, 0 },
54*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	{ &vmemmap_base, 0 },
55*4882a593Smuzhiyun };
56*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
57*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* Get size in bytes used by the memory region */
get_padding(struct kaslr_memory_region * region)58*4882a593Smuzhiyun static inline unsigned long get_padding(struct kaslr_memory_region *region)
59*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
60*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	return (region->size_tb << TB_SHIFT);
61*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
62*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
63*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* Initialize base and padding for each memory region randomized with KASLR */
kernel_randomize_memory(void)64*4882a593Smuzhiyun void __init kernel_randomize_memory(void)
65*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
66*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	size_t i;
67*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long vaddr_start, vaddr;
68*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long rand, memory_tb;
69*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	struct rnd_state rand_state;
70*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long remain_entropy;
71*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long vmemmap_size;
72*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
73*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	vaddr_start = pgtable_l5_enabled() ? __PAGE_OFFSET_BASE_L5 : __PAGE_OFFSET_BASE_L4;
74*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	vaddr = vaddr_start;
75*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
76*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/*
77*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * These BUILD_BUG_ON checks ensure the memory layout is consistent
78*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * with the vaddr_start/vaddr_end variables. These checks are very
79*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * limited....
80*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 */
81*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	BUILD_BUG_ON(vaddr_start >= vaddr_end);
82*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	BUILD_BUG_ON(vaddr_end != CPU_ENTRY_AREA_BASE);
83*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	BUILD_BUG_ON(vaddr_end > __START_KERNEL_map);
84*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
85*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (!kaslr_memory_enabled())
86*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		return;
87*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
88*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	kaslr_regions[0].size_tb = 1 << (MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - TB_SHIFT);
89*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	kaslr_regions[1].size_tb = VMALLOC_SIZE_TB;
90*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
91*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/*
92*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * Update Physical memory mapping to available and
93*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * add padding if needed (especially for memory hotplug support).
94*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 */
95*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	BUG_ON(kaslr_regions[0].base != &page_offset_base);
96*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	memory_tb = DIV_ROUND_UP(max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, 1UL << TB_SHIFT) +
97*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY_PHYSICAL_PADDING;
98*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
99*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* Adapt phyiscal memory region size based on available memory */
100*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (memory_tb < kaslr_regions[0].size_tb)
101*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		kaslr_regions[0].size_tb = memory_tb;
102*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
103*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/*
104*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * Calculate the vmemmap region size in TBs, aligned to a TB
105*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * boundary.
106*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 */
107*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	vmemmap_size = (kaslr_regions[0].size_tb << (TB_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)) *
108*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			sizeof(struct page);
109*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	kaslr_regions[2].size_tb = DIV_ROUND_UP(vmemmap_size, 1UL << TB_SHIFT);
110*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
111*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/* Calculate entropy available between regions */
112*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	remain_entropy = vaddr_end - vaddr_start;
113*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(kaslr_regions); i++)
114*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		remain_entropy -= get_padding(&kaslr_regions[i]);
115*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
116*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	prandom_seed_state(&rand_state, kaslr_get_random_long("Memory"));
117*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
118*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(kaslr_regions); i++) {
119*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		unsigned long entropy;
120*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
121*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		/*
122*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 * Select a random virtual address using the extra entropy
123*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 * available.
124*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 */
125*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		entropy = remain_entropy / (ARRAY_SIZE(kaslr_regions) - i);
126*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		prandom_bytes_state(&rand_state, &rand, sizeof(rand));
127*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		entropy = (rand % (entropy + 1)) & PUD_MASK;
128*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		vaddr += entropy;
129*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		*kaslr_regions[i].base = vaddr;
130*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
131*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		/*
132*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 * Jump the region and add a minimum padding based on
133*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 * randomization alignment.
134*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		 */
135*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		vaddr += get_padding(&kaslr_regions[i]);
136*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		vaddr = round_up(vaddr + 1, PUD_SIZE);
137*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		remain_entropy -= entropy;
138*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
139*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
140*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
init_trampoline_kaslr(void)141*4882a593Smuzhiyun void __meminit init_trampoline_kaslr(void)
142*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
143*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pud_t *pud_page_tramp, *pud, *pud_tramp;
144*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	p4d_t *p4d_page_tramp, *p4d, *p4d_tramp;
145*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	unsigned long paddr, vaddr;
146*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pgd_t *pgd;
147*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
148*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pud_page_tramp = alloc_low_page();
149*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
150*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	/*
151*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * There are two mappings for the low 1MB area, the direct mapping
152*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * and the 1:1 mapping for the real mode trampoline:
153*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 *
154*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * Direct mapping: virt_addr = phys_addr + PAGE_OFFSET
155*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 * 1:1 mapping:    virt_addr = phys_addr
156*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	 */
157*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	paddr = 0;
158*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	vaddr = (unsigned long)__va(paddr);
159*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pgd = pgd_offset_k(vaddr);
160*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
161*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, vaddr);
162*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pud = pud_offset(p4d, vaddr);
163*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
164*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	pud_tramp = pud_page_tramp + pud_index(paddr);
165*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	*pud_tramp = *pud;
166*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
167*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	if (pgtable_l5_enabled()) {
168*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		p4d_page_tramp = alloc_low_page();
169*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
170*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		p4d_tramp = p4d_page_tramp + p4d_index(paddr);
171*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
172*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		set_p4d(p4d_tramp,
173*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			__p4d(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(pud_page_tramp)));
174*4882a593Smuzhiyun 
175*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		set_pgd(&trampoline_pgd_entry,
176*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			__pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(p4d_page_tramp)));
177*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	} else {
178*4882a593Smuzhiyun 		set_pgd(&trampoline_pgd_entry,
179*4882a593Smuzhiyun 			__pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(pud_page_tramp)));
180*4882a593Smuzhiyun 	}
181*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
182