1*4882a593Smuzhiyun /*
2*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Simple app. to do memory accesses via /dev/mem.
3*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
4*4882a593Smuzhiyun * $Id: io.c,v 1.5 2000/08/21 09:01:57 richard Exp $
5*4882a593Smuzhiyun *
6*4882a593Smuzhiyun * Copyright (c) Richard Hirst <rhirst@linuxcare.com>
7*4882a593Smuzhiyun */
8*4882a593Smuzhiyun
9*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <stdio.h>
10*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <stdlib.h>
11*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <string.h>
12*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <unistd.h>
13*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <sys/mman.h>
14*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <sys/types.h>
15*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <stdint.h>
16*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <sys/stat.h>
17*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <fcntl.h>
18*4882a593Smuzhiyun #include <errno.h>
19*4882a593Smuzhiyun
20*4882a593Smuzhiyun #ifndef FALSE
21*4882a593Smuzhiyun #define FALSE 0
22*4882a593Smuzhiyun #define TRUE (!FALSE)
23*4882a593Smuzhiyun #endif
24*4882a593Smuzhiyun
25*4882a593Smuzhiyun #ifdef MMAP64
26*4882a593Smuzhiyun #define mmap mmap64
27*4882a593Smuzhiyun #endif
28*4882a593Smuzhiyun
29*4882a593Smuzhiyun static char *argv0;
30*4882a593Smuzhiyun
31*4882a593Smuzhiyun static void
usage(void)32*4882a593Smuzhiyun usage (void)
33*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
34*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr,
35*4882a593Smuzhiyun "Raw memory i/o utility - $Revision: 1.5 $\n\n"
36*4882a593Smuzhiyun "%s -v -1|2|4 -r|w [-l <len>] [-f <file>] <addr> [<value>]\n\n"
37*4882a593Smuzhiyun " -v Verbose, asks for confirmation\n"
38*4882a593Smuzhiyun " -1|2|4 Sets memory access size in bytes (default byte)\n"
39*4882a593Smuzhiyun " -l <len> Length in bytes of area to access (defaults to\n"
40*4882a593Smuzhiyun " one access, or whole file length)\n"
41*4882a593Smuzhiyun " -r|w Read from or Write to memory (default read)\n"
42*4882a593Smuzhiyun " -f <file> File to write on memory read, or\n"
43*4882a593Smuzhiyun " to read on memory write\n"
44*4882a593Smuzhiyun " <addr> The memory address to access\n"
45*4882a593Smuzhiyun " <val> The value to write (implies -w)\n\n"
46*4882a593Smuzhiyun "Examples:\n"
47*4882a593Smuzhiyun " %s 0x1000 Reads one byte from 0x1000\n"
48*4882a593Smuzhiyun " %s 0x1000 0x12 Writes 0x12 to location 0x1000\n"
49*4882a593Smuzhiyun " %s -2 -l 8 0x1000 Reads 8 words from 0x1000\n"
50*4882a593Smuzhiyun " %s -r -f dmp -l 100 200 Reads 100 bytes from addr 200 to file\n"
51*4882a593Smuzhiyun " %s -w -f img 0x10000 Writes the whole of file to memory\n"
52*4882a593Smuzhiyun "\n"
53*4882a593Smuzhiyun "Note access size (-1|2|4) does not apply to file based accesses.\n\n",
54*4882a593Smuzhiyun argv0, argv0, argv0, argv0, argv0, argv0);
55*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
56*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
57*4882a593Smuzhiyun
58*4882a593Smuzhiyun
59*4882a593Smuzhiyun static void
memread_memory(unsigned long phys_addr,uint8_t * addr,int len,int iosize)60*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread_memory(unsigned long phys_addr, uint8_t *addr, int len, int iosize)
61*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
62*4882a593Smuzhiyun int i;
63*4882a593Smuzhiyun
64*4882a593Smuzhiyun while (len) {
65*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("%08lx: ", phys_addr);
66*4882a593Smuzhiyun i = 0;
67*4882a593Smuzhiyun while (i < 16 && len) {
68*4882a593Smuzhiyun switch(iosize) {
69*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 1:
70*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf(" %02x", *(uint8_t *)addr);
71*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
72*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 2:
73*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf(" %04x", *(uint16_t *)addr);
74*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
75*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 4:
76*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf(" %08x", *(uint32_t *)addr);
77*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
78*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
79*4882a593Smuzhiyun i += iosize;
80*4882a593Smuzhiyun addr += iosize;
81*4882a593Smuzhiyun len -= iosize;
82*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
83*4882a593Smuzhiyun phys_addr += 16;
84*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("\n");
85*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
86*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
87*4882a593Smuzhiyun
88*4882a593Smuzhiyun
89*4882a593Smuzhiyun static void
write_memory(uint8_t * addr,int len,int iosize,unsigned long value)90*4882a593Smuzhiyun write_memory(uint8_t *addr, int len, int iosize, unsigned long value)
91*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
92*4882a593Smuzhiyun switch(iosize) {
93*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 1:
94*4882a593Smuzhiyun while (len) {
95*4882a593Smuzhiyun *(uint8_t *)addr = value;
96*4882a593Smuzhiyun len -= iosize;
97*4882a593Smuzhiyun addr += iosize;
98*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
99*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
100*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 2:
101*4882a593Smuzhiyun while (len) {
102*4882a593Smuzhiyun *(uint16_t *)addr = value;
103*4882a593Smuzhiyun len -= iosize;
104*4882a593Smuzhiyun addr += iosize;
105*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
106*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
107*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 4:
108*4882a593Smuzhiyun while (len) {
109*4882a593Smuzhiyun *(uint32_t *)addr = value;
110*4882a593Smuzhiyun len -= iosize;
111*4882a593Smuzhiyun addr += iosize;
112*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
113*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
114*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
115*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
116*4882a593Smuzhiyun
117*4882a593Smuzhiyun
118*4882a593Smuzhiyun int
main(int argc,char ** argv)119*4882a593Smuzhiyun main (int argc, char **argv)
120*4882a593Smuzhiyun {
121*4882a593Smuzhiyun int mfd, ffd = 0, req_len = 0, opt;
122*4882a593Smuzhiyun uint8_t *real_io;
123*4882a593Smuzhiyun unsigned long real_len, real_addr, req_addr, req_value = 0, offset;
124*4882a593Smuzhiyun char *endptr;
125*4882a593Smuzhiyun int memread = TRUE;
126*4882a593Smuzhiyun int iosize = 1;
127*4882a593Smuzhiyun char *filename = NULL;
128*4882a593Smuzhiyun int verbose = 0;
129*4882a593Smuzhiyun
130*4882a593Smuzhiyun argv0 = argv[0];
131*4882a593Smuzhiyun opterr = 0;
132*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (argc == 1)
133*4882a593Smuzhiyun usage();
134*4882a593Smuzhiyun
135*4882a593Smuzhiyun while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hv124rwl:f:")) > 0) {
136*4882a593Smuzhiyun switch (opt) {
137*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'h':
138*4882a593Smuzhiyun usage();
139*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'v':
140*4882a593Smuzhiyun verbose = 1;
141*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
142*4882a593Smuzhiyun case '1':
143*4882a593Smuzhiyun case '2':
144*4882a593Smuzhiyun case '4':
145*4882a593Smuzhiyun iosize = opt - '0';
146*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
147*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'r':
148*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread = TRUE;
149*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
150*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'w':
151*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread = FALSE;
152*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
153*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'l':
154*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len = strtoul(optarg, &endptr, 0);
155*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (*endptr) {
156*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Bad <size> value '%s'\n", optarg);
157*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
158*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
159*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
160*4882a593Smuzhiyun case 'f':
161*4882a593Smuzhiyun filename = strdup(optarg);
162*4882a593Smuzhiyun break;
163*4882a593Smuzhiyun default:
164*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %c\n", opt);
165*4882a593Smuzhiyun usage();
166*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
167*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
168*4882a593Smuzhiyun
169*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (optind == argc) {
170*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "No address given\n");
171*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
172*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
173*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_addr = strtoul(argv[optind], &endptr, 0);
174*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (*endptr) {
175*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Bad <addr> value '%s'\n", argv[optind]);
176*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
177*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
178*4882a593Smuzhiyun optind++;
179*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!filename && optind < argc)
180*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread = FALSE;
181*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && optind > argc) {
182*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Filename AND value given\n");
183*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
184*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
185*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!filename && !memread && optind == argc) {
186*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "No value given for WRITE\n");
187*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
188*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
189*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!filename && !memread) {
190*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_value = strtoul(argv[optind], &endptr, 0);
191*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (*endptr) {
192*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Bad <value> value '%s'\n", argv[optind]);
193*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
194*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
195*4882a593Smuzhiyun if ((iosize == 1 && (req_value & 0xffffff00)) ||
196*4882a593Smuzhiyun (iosize == 2 && (req_value & 0xffff0000))) {
197*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "<value> too large\n");
198*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
199*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
200*4882a593Smuzhiyun optind++;
201*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
202*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && memread && !req_len) {
203*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "No size given for file memread\n");
204*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
205*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
206*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (optind < argc) {
207*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Too many arguments '%s'...\n", argv[optind]);
208*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
209*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
210*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && memread) {
211*4882a593Smuzhiyun ffd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH);
212*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (ffd < 0) {
213*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open destination file '%s': %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
214*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
215*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
216*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
217*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && !memread) {
218*4882a593Smuzhiyun ffd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
219*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (ffd < 0) {
220*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open source file '%s': %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
221*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
222*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
223*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
224*4882a593Smuzhiyun
225*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && !req_len) {
226*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len = lseek(ffd, 0, SEEK_END);
227*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (req_len < 0) {
228*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Failed to seek on '%s': %s\n",
229*4882a593Smuzhiyun filename, strerror(errno));
230*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
231*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
232*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (lseek(ffd, 0, SEEK_SET)) {
233*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Failed to seek on '%s': %s\n",
234*4882a593Smuzhiyun filename, strerror(errno));
235*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
236*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
237*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
238*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!req_len)
239*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len = iosize;
240*4882a593Smuzhiyun
241*4882a593Smuzhiyun if ((iosize == 2 && (req_addr & 1)) ||
242*4882a593Smuzhiyun (iosize == 4 && (req_addr & 3))) {
243*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Badly aligned <addr> for access size\n");
244*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
245*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
246*4882a593Smuzhiyun if ((iosize == 2 && (req_len & 1)) ||
247*4882a593Smuzhiyun (iosize == 4 && (req_len & 3))) {
248*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Badly aligned <size> for access size\n");
249*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
250*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
251*4882a593Smuzhiyun
252*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (!verbose)
253*4882a593Smuzhiyun /* Nothing */;
254*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (filename && memread)
255*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Request to memread 0x%x bytes from address 0x%08lx\n"
256*4882a593Smuzhiyun "\tto file %s, using %d byte accesses\n",
257*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len, req_addr, filename, iosize);
258*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (filename)
259*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Request to write 0x%x bytes to address 0x%08lx\n"
260*4882a593Smuzhiyun "\tfrom file %s, using %d byte accesses\n",
261*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len, req_addr, filename, iosize);
262*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (memread)
263*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Request to memread 0x%x bytes from address 0x%08lx\n"
264*4882a593Smuzhiyun "\tusing %d byte accesses\n",
265*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len, req_addr, iosize);
266*4882a593Smuzhiyun else
267*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Request to write 0x%x bytes to address 0x%08lx\n"
268*4882a593Smuzhiyun "\tusing %d byte accesses of value 0x%0*lx\n",
269*4882a593Smuzhiyun req_len, req_addr, iosize, iosize*2, req_value);
270*4882a593Smuzhiyun
271*4882a593Smuzhiyun real_addr = req_addr & ~4095;
272*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (real_addr == 0xfffff000) {
273*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, cannot map the top 4K page\n");
274*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
275*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
276*4882a593Smuzhiyun offset = req_addr - real_addr;
277*4882a593Smuzhiyun real_len = req_len + offset;
278*4882a593Smuzhiyun real_len = (real_len + 4095) & ~ 4095;
279*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (real_addr + real_len < real_addr) {
280*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Aligned addr+len exceeds top of address space\n");
281*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
282*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
283*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (verbose)
284*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Attempting to map 0x%lx bytes at address 0x%08lx\n",
285*4882a593Smuzhiyun real_len, real_addr);
286*4882a593Smuzhiyun
287*4882a593Smuzhiyun mfd = open("/dev/mem", (memread ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR) | O_SYNC);
288*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (mfd == -1) {
289*4882a593Smuzhiyun perror("open /dev/mem");
290*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
291*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
292*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (verbose)
293*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("open(/dev/mem) ok\n");
294*4882a593Smuzhiyun real_io = mmap(NULL, real_len,
295*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread ? PROT_READ:PROT_WRITE,
296*4882a593Smuzhiyun MAP_SHARED, mfd, real_addr);
297*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (real_io == (void *)(-1)) {
298*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "mmap() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
299*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
300*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
301*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (verbose)
302*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("mmap() ok\n");
303*4882a593Smuzhiyun
304*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (verbose) {
305*4882a593Smuzhiyun int c;
306*4882a593Smuzhiyun
307*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("OK? ");
308*4882a593Smuzhiyun fflush(stdout);
309*4882a593Smuzhiyun c = getchar();
310*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (c != 'y' && c != 'Y') {
311*4882a593Smuzhiyun printf("Aborted\n");
312*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
313*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
314*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
315*4882a593Smuzhiyun
316*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename && memread) {
317*4882a593Smuzhiyun int n = write(ffd, real_io + offset, req_len);
318*4882a593Smuzhiyun
319*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (n < 0) {
320*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "File write failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
321*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
322*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
323*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (n != req_len) {
324*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Only wrote %d of %d bytes to file\n",
325*4882a593Smuzhiyun n, req_len);
326*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
327*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
328*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
329*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (filename) {
330*4882a593Smuzhiyun int n = read(ffd, real_io + offset, req_len);
331*4882a593Smuzhiyun
332*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (n < 0) {
333*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "File read failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
334*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
335*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
336*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (n != req_len) {
337*4882a593Smuzhiyun fprintf(stderr, "Only read %d of %d bytes from file\n",
338*4882a593Smuzhiyun n, req_len);
339*4882a593Smuzhiyun exit(1);
340*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
341*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
342*4882a593Smuzhiyun else if (memread)
343*4882a593Smuzhiyun memread_memory(req_addr, real_io + offset, req_len, iosize);
344*4882a593Smuzhiyun else
345*4882a593Smuzhiyun write_memory(real_io + offset, req_len, iosize, req_value);
346*4882a593Smuzhiyun
347*4882a593Smuzhiyun if (filename)
348*4882a593Smuzhiyun close(ffd);
349*4882a593Smuzhiyun close (mfd);
350*4882a593Smuzhiyun
351*4882a593Smuzhiyun return 0;
352*4882a593Smuzhiyun }
353*4882a593Smuzhiyun
354